The Expert Consensus on Clinical Application of Qinbaohong Zhike Oral Liquid in Treatment of Acute Bronchitis and Acute Attack of Chronic Bronchitis （GS/CACM 337-2023） was released by the China Association of Chinese Medicine on December 13^th， 2023. This expert consensus was developed by experts in methodology， pharmacy， and Chinese medicine in strict accordance with the development requirements of the China Association of Chinese Medicine （CACM） and based on the latest medical evidence and the clinical medication experience of well-known experts in the fields of respiratory medicine （pulmonary diseases） and pediatrics. This expert consensus defines the application of Qinbaohong Zhike oral liquid in the treatment of cough and excessive sputum caused by phlegm-heat obstructing lung， acute bronchitis， and acute attack of chronic bronchitis from the aspects of applicable populations， efficacy evaluation， usage， dosage， drug combination， and safety. It is expected to guide the rational drug use in medical and health institutions， give full play to the unique value of Qinbaohong Zhike oral liquid， and vigorously promote the inheritance and innovation of Chinese patent medicines.

Objective To understand the surveillance situation of poliovirus in Guangzhou from 2011 to 2024, and to further strengthen polio surveillance and ensure the continued maintenance of a polio-free status. Methods An analysis was conducted on the discovery and investigation results of six cases of vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) detected in Guangzhou. Results A total of 6 VDPV incidents were reported in Guangzhou from 2011 to June 2024, among which 5 incidents were from sewage sample testing in the Liede Sewage Treatment Plant in Guangzhou, all of which were confirmed as VDPV, with 1 for type I, 1 for type II, and 3 for type III. In addition, one confirmed HFMD case was identified as a type VDPV II carrier. No presence of any wild poliovirus (WPV), VDPV cases, or circulating VDPV (cVDPV) was reported. Conclusion Guangzhou City has maintained a high level of vigilance and effectiveness in the monitoring and prevention of polio. Continuously strengthening the construction of the polio monitoring network, optimizing vaccination strategies, and comprehensively improving public health awareness are still the focus of the prevention and control work in the future.

Objective To explore the relationship between the status of infarct related artery(IRA)occlusion and thrombus types in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI)using optical coherence tomography(OCT).Methods A total of 170 NSTEMI patients who underwent emergency percutaneous coronary intervention at Henan Provincial People1s Hospital from October 2021 to August 2023 and underwent OCT examination were included in the study.Among them,83 cases were in the total occlusion group and 87 cases were in the non-total occlusion group.The baseline characteristics,coronary angiography findings,and OCT results of the patients were compared and analyzed.Results Compared with the non-total occlusion group,the patients in the total occlusion group were more younger(P=0.013),the proportion of male was higher(P=0.026),and the proportion of patients with hypertension(P=0.010)and diabetes(P=0.033)was lower.In the total occlusion group,left circumflex artery(LCX)served as the main IRA,whereas in the non-total occlusion group,left anterior descending(LAD)was the predominant IRA(P=0.012);In addition,there was a significantly higher occurrence of rentrop grade Ⅱ～Ⅲ in the total occlusion group compared to the non-total occlusion group(P=0.022).The OCT results showed that in most cases,the total occlusion group was caused by plaque rupture events(P=0.014),mainly red/mixed thrombus(P＜0.001);The non-total occlusion group was more commonly associated with plaque erosion events(P=0.014),with white thrombus being the main cause(P＜0.001).Conclusions Total occlusion of infarct-related artery in NSTEMI patients often occurs in the LCX,and the patient is more younger,the thrombus type is mainly red/mixed thrombus,while non-total occlusion lesions are mainly white thrombus.

Liver cancer is the most lethal form of cancer and carries a high risk of death around the world. Goniothalamin (GTN) is a styryl-lactone that possesses antiproliferative and apoptotic activity. The molecular action of GTN is not yet fully evaluated. Thus, our research has been intended to assess the chemopreventive and apoptotic activities of diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in rats. Rats were separated into 4 groups: control, DEN only, DEN + GTN (30 mg/kg bw), and GTN (30 mg/kg bw) alone. We evaluated body weight, liver weight, tumor incidence, hepatic toxic markers, antioxidants, inflammatory cytokines, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot studies. DEN lessened body weight, antioxidants, and apoptosis, whereas it elevated tumor incidence, toxic markers, cytokines, and Bcl-2 expression. GTN treatment maintains body weight, liver weight, and antioxidant levels, and it also prevents tumor incidence, oxidative stress, toxic markers, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and histological changes. It triggers apoptosis by constraining Bcl-2 and elevating caspase-3 levels. GTN also attenuated the P13K/ AKT signaling which enhanced apoptosis. These findings revealed that GTN subdues the P13K/AKT pathway and has auspicious chemopreventive and apoptotic actions in DEN-induced HCC. Therefore, GTN would be suggested as a new medicine in natural remedies for liver cancer.

Objective:To evaluate the characteristics of vaginal flora between normal and abnormal pregnant women throughout pregnancy.Methods:Vaginal swab specimens were collected from pregnant women in the first (<14 gestation weeks, GW), second (14~28 GW) and third trimester (>28 GW) in Anqing, Anhui Province from February 2018 to February 2020. Pregnant women were divided into normal and abnormal groups according to all clinical diagnosis. The sequences of 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4) from vaginal swabs were analyzed using QIIME2 platform. The differences in the dominance of Lactobacillus, community state type (CST) transition, Alpha diversity and Beta diversity were analyzed. Diversity data after log transition were used in the analysis of linear mixed model. Results:A total of 34 pregnant women (10 normal and 24 abnormal) with 102 samples were included for analysis. The composition of vaginal flora between two groups: the relative abundance of Lactobacillus was the highest at the genus level and Lactobacillus crispatus and Lactobacillus iners was the top two species with high relative abundance. The dominance of Lactobacillus, Alpha diversity and transition of CST were also similar. Both groups had a gradually decreased trend of Alpha diversity with GW, and the Chao1, Observed species and Faith′s PD indexes′ were different in different GW ( P<0.05). All Beta diversity metrics in normal group had descending trend, with lower value of the index of first distance which implied a higher microbiota stability, while Bray-Curtis, Weighted UniFrac distance had ascending trend in abnormal group, indicating lower stability. Jaccard distance′s first distance was statistically differed among GW and Unweighted UniFrac distance′s differed between normal and abnormal groups. Conclusions:The first distance of Unweighte UniFrac distance in abnormal pregnant women is higher than that of normal pregnant women and the vaginal flora in abnormal group has lower stability.

Liver cancer is the most lethal form of cancer and carries a high risk of death around the world. Goniothalamin (GTN) is a styryl-lactone that possesses antiproliferative and apoptotic activity. The molecular action of GTN is not yet fully evaluated. Thus, our research has been intended to assess the chemopreventive and apoptotic activities of diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in rats. Rats were separated into 4 groups: control, DEN only, DEN + GTN (30 mg/kg bw), and GTN (30 mg/kg bw) alone. We evaluated body weight, liver weight, tumor incidence, hepatic toxic markers, antioxidants, inflammatory cytokines, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot studies. DEN lessened body weight, antioxidants, and apoptosis, whereas it elevated tumor incidence, toxic markers, cytokines, and Bcl-2 expression. GTN treatment maintains body weight, liver weight, and antioxidant levels, and it also prevents tumor incidence, oxidative stress, toxic markers, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and histological changes. It triggers apoptosis by constraining Bcl-2 and elevating caspase-3 levels. GTN also attenuated the P13K/ AKT signaling which enhanced apoptosis. These findings revealed that GTN subdues the P13K/AKT pathway and has auspicious chemopreventive and apoptotic actions in DEN-induced HCC. Therefore, GTN would be suggested as a new medicine in natural remedies for liver cancer.

Liver cancer is the most lethal form of cancer and carries a high risk of death around the world. Goniothalamin (GTN) is a styryl-lactone that possesses antiproliferative and apoptotic activity. The molecular action of GTN is not yet fully evaluated. Thus, our research has been intended to assess the chemopreventive and apoptotic activities of diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in rats. Rats were separated into 4 groups: control, DEN only, DEN + GTN (30 mg/kg bw), and GTN (30 mg/kg bw) alone. We evaluated body weight, liver weight, tumor incidence, hepatic toxic markers, antioxidants, inflammatory cytokines, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot studies. DEN lessened body weight, antioxidants, and apoptosis, whereas it elevated tumor incidence, toxic markers, cytokines, and Bcl-2 expression. GTN treatment maintains body weight, liver weight, and antioxidant levels, and it also prevents tumor incidence, oxidative stress, toxic markers, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and histological changes. It triggers apoptosis by constraining Bcl-2 and elevating caspase-3 levels. GTN also attenuated the P13K/ AKT signaling which enhanced apoptosis. These findings revealed that GTN subdues the P13K/AKT pathway and has auspicious chemopreventive and apoptotic actions in DEN-induced HCC. Therefore, GTN would be suggested as a new medicine in natural remedies for liver cancer.

Purpose To analyze the relationship between different molecular types and imaging manifestations of simultaneous bilateral breast cancer.Materials and Methods Eighty-one patients with simultaneous bilateral breast cancer confirmed by surgery and pathology in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2016 to May 2022 were retrospectively analyzed,80 patients received mammography and 38 patients received MRI.Imaging features referred to the 5th edition of the breast imaging reporting and data system standards.Molecular typing was evaluated and classified according to the 2013 revised St.Gallen international expert consensus recommended the determination.The clinicopathological and imaging features of the index and contralateral breast cancer were compared,and the imaging features of different molecular types of the index and contralateral breast cancer were also compared.Results There were statistically significant differences in histological types and molecular typing between the index and contralateral cancers(x2=39.72,12.23,P＜0.05).Mammograph showed that the index cancer was mostly a mass(51.9％,40/77),while the contralateral cancer was mostly calcification(38.4％,28/73);the index cancer was mostly polymorphic calcification(68.8％,22/32),while the contralateral cancer was mostly amorphous calcification(45.2％,19/42)(x2=33.15,10.47,P＜0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in the MRI enhancement between the index cancer and the contralateral cancer(x2=6.79,P＜0.05).For contralateral cancer,mammograms showed statistically significant differences in the four molecular subtypes on tumor density,as well as MRI enhancement patterns,early enhancement degree,and time-signal intensity curve(x2=26.72,7.49,8.95,13.44,12.85,P＜0.05).There was a significant difference in the distribution of calcification among the four molecular subtypes on the X-ray of the first cancer(x2=20.15,P＜0.05).Conclusion The molecular typing and some imaging characteristics of simultaneous bilateral breast cancer are different,and some imaging characteristics can provide reference for predicting the molecular typing of simultaneous bilateral breast cancer.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

ObjectiveTo preliminarily confirm the effective anti-lung cancer sites of Momordicae Semen and Epimedii Folium and study their mechanism of action. MethodOn the basis of preliminary research， the extraction method of Momordicae Semen and Epimedii Folium was optimized and the effective parts were screened under the guidance of pharmacological effects. Different ethanol elution and water elution sites of Momordicae Semen and Epimedii Folium were obtained through adsorption and elution with D101 macroporous resin. The methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide （MTT） colorimetric assay was used to detect the effects of total drug extracts and different elution sites on the proliferation of various tumor cell lines， and to screen for the optimal elution site and tumor sensitive strains. Flow cytometry was used to detect the effect of the elution sites of Momordicae Semen and Epimedii Folium on intracellular reactive oxygen species （ROS） and apoptosis in A549 cells. Western blot was used to compare the expressions of tumor protein 53 （p53）， Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax）， cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-3 and 9 （Caspase-3 and Caspase-9） proteins in A549 cells. ResultThe inhibitory effect of Momordicae Semen on the proliferation of A549 cells was better than the kernel of Momordicae Semen， with 50% inhibitory concentration （IC₅₀） being （86.83±2.88） mg·L^-1 and （95.10±18.13） mg·L^-1， respectively. The effect of total extracts of Epimedii Folium on A549 anti proliferation IC₅₀ value was （4.71±0.81） mg·L^-1. The IC₅₀ values of the 40%， 60%， and 80% ethanol and anhydrous ethanol eluted macroporous resins of the total extracts of Momordicae Semen and Epimedii Folium inhibiting A549 proliferation were （45.32±4.38）、 （14.95±0.73）、 （17.07±1.76）、 （14.46±2.35）、 （51.7±2.26）、 （12.37±0.67）、 （20.29±0.93）、 and （3.43±0.91） mg·L^-1， respectively. Compared with the normal group， the 1∶1 combination of Momordicae Semen and Epimedii Folium inhibited A549 cell proliferation in a time-dependent and concentration-dependent manner. Compared with the normal group， 50 mg·L^-1 of the combination of Momordicae Semen and Epimedii Folium significantly increased intracellular ROS expression （P<0.01）. Compared with the normal group， 12.5， 25， 50 mg·L^-1 of the combination of Momordicae Semen and Epimedii Folium significantly increased the expression of A549 cell apoptosis （P<0.01）. Compared with the normal group， 25， 50 mg·L^-1 of the combination of Momordicae Semen and Epimedii Folium significantly increased the expression of p53 in A549 cells （P<0.01）. Compared with the normal group， 12.5， 25， 50 mg·L^-1 of the combination of Momordicae Semen and Epimedii Folium significantly increased the expression of Bax （P<0.01）. Compared with the normal group， 50 mg·L^-1 of the combination of Momordicae Semen and Epimedii Folium significantly reduced the expressions of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 （P<0.01）. ConclusionThe anti-tumor effect of Momordicae Semen is better than that of the kernel of Momordicae Semen. The anti-tumor substances of Momordicae Semen and Epimedii Folium mainly concentrate in the 60% ethanol to anhydrous ethanol elution site. A549 cells are sensitive to the 1∶1 combination of Momordicae Semen and Epimedii Folium， which can effectively inhibit the cell proliferation. The mechanism may be related to increasing the generation of ROS in A549 cells， promoting their apoptosis， increasing the expressions of apoptotic proteins such as p53 and Bax， and reducing the expressions of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9.