To analyze the distribution of serotypes and antimicrobial resistance of clinical Salmonella isolates from multiple centers across China.

The chemical constituents were systematically separated from the roots of Berberis polyantha by various chromatographic methods, including silica gel column chromatography, HP20 column chromatography, polyamide column chromatography, reversed-phase C_(18) column chromatography, and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. The structures of the compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic techniques(1D NMR, 2D NMR, UV, MS, and CD). Four phenylpropanoids were isolated from the methanol extract of the roots of B. polyantha, and they were identified as(2R)-1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-propanone-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(1), methyl 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoate(2),(+)-syringaresinol(3), and syringaresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(4). Compound 1 was a new compound, and other compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time. The anti-inflammatory activity of these compounds was evaluated based on the release of nitric oxide(NO) in the culture of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. At a concentration of 10 μmol·L~(-1), all the four compounds inhibited the LPS-induced release of NO in RAW264.7 cells, demonstrating potential anti-inflammatory properties.
Plant Roots/chemistry* ; Animals ; Mice ; Berberis/chemistry* ; RAW 264.7 Cells ; Macrophages/immunology* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification* ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism* ; Molecular Structure ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/isolation & purification*

Objective As an important monitoring target for gaseous effluents from nuclear facilities, the radioactive inert gas ⁸⁵Kr requires accurate measurement, which is crucial for nuclear safety and radiation protection. This study organized an inter-laboratory comparison activity for ⁸⁵Kr gamma-ray spectrometry measurements, with the aims of identifying potential problems in ⁸⁵Kr measurement and improving detection capabilities and proficiency. Methods Four laboratories participated in this comparison. Each laboratory employed gamma-ray spectrometry to measure the comparison samples, and the results were evaluated using the E_n value. Results The measurement results from all participating institutions were acceptable, with the maximum E_n value being 0.73. The results demonstrate that despite the low gamma-ray branching ratio of ⁸⁵Kr and its susceptibility to interference from the 511 keV positron annihilation peak, gamma-ray spectrometry can achieve reliable activity measurements of ⁸⁵Kr. Conclusion The comparison for ⁸⁵Kr gamma-ray spectrometry tested the capabilities of the participating laboratories in ⁸⁵Kr measurement. It promoted technical exchange and experience sharing among laboratories, laying a foundation for future comparisons involving more complex radioactive inert gases.

Osteoporotic proximal humeral fracture (OPHF) is one of the common osteoporotic fractures in the aged, with an incidence only lower than vertebral compression fracture, hip fracture, and distal radius fracture. OPHF, secondary to osteoporosis and characterized by poor bone quality, comminuted fracture pattern, slow healing, and severely impaired shoulder joint function, poses a big challenge to the current clinical diagnosis and treatment. In the field of diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of OPHF, traditional Chinese and Western medicine have accumulated rich experience and evidence from evidence-based medicine and achieved favorable outcomes. However, there is still a lack of guidance from a relevant consensus as to how to integrate the advantages of the two medical systems and achieve the integrated diagnosis and treatment. To promote the diagnosis and treatment of OPHF with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, relevant experts from Orthopedic Expert Committee of Geriatric Branch of Chinese Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Youth Osteoporosis Group of Orthopedic Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Osteoporosis Group of Orthopedic Surgeon Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, and Osteoporosis Committee of Shanghai Association of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine have been organized to formulate Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporotic proximal humeral fracture with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine ( version 2024) by searching related literatures and based on the evidences from evidence-based medicine. This consensus consists of 13 recommendations about the diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of OPHF with integrated traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, aimed at standardizing, systematizing, and personalizing the diagnosis and treatment of OPHF with integrated traditional Chinse and Western medicine to improve the patients ′ function.

Objective: To analyze the key control points of pathogenic microbial contamination during the food processing of school canteens, so as to provide a basis for effectively preventing the occurrence of campus food safety incidents. Methods: In March 2023, 10 school canteens from Zhengzhou City, Henan Province were selected by convenient sampling method. A total of 300 samples were collected from the storage equipment of raw materials, production tools, staff hands, infrastructure, dining utensils and other facilities in the school canteens during the food processing process.The rapid detection method of foodborne pathogens based on isothermal multiple selfmatchinginitiated amplification (IMSA) technology was used to analyze the possible risk of pathogenic microorganism contamination. Fisher exact probability method was applied for the statistical analysis. Results: Among the 300 samples collected, pathogenic microorganisms including Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes were detected in 5 samples, distributed in the food preparation utensils such as cutting boards, operating tables, knives and staff hands, while no pathogenic microorganisms were detected in dining utensils, raw material storage equipment and canteen infrastructure.There was no statistically significant difference between the IMSA rapid detection method and the national standard method for testing Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes(P>0.05). Compared to international method, the positive coincidence of pathogenic microorganism detected by IMSA rapid inspection system was 83.3%(5/6), the negative coincidence was 100%(n=294), and the overall consistency rate was 99.7%. Conclusions The key control points of pathogenic microbial contamination in the food processing process of school canteens mainly are the utensils in the food production process, such as cutting boards, operating tables, knives and staff hands in the food processing process of the school canteen, which could be accurately identified by the rapid detection method of pathogenic microorganism established based on IMSA technology. The quality and efficiency campus food safety supervision should be promoted to prevent the food safety events in school canteen.

Objective:To understand the level of radiation doses from digital mammography in Tianjin and the associated influencing factors.Methods:The stratified quota sampling method was used for analysis of 374 digital mammography-examined individuals by using 12 digital mammography devices in 12 selected medical institutions. The examinations were carried out in terms of exposure positions[(craniocaudal (CC) and mediolateral oblique (MLO)], compressed breast thickness, tube voltage, time product of tube current (mAs) and target/filter.Results:The median age of the examined individuals in this survey was 43 years, the median tube voltage (kV) was 29 kV, the median tube current time product was 60.3 mAs, the median compressed breast thickness was 48 mm, and the median average glandular dose (AGD) was 1.32 mGy. The mean dose to the analyzed glandular tissue in the conditions of different target/filters varies in the descent order of Mo/Mo > Mo/Rh > Rh/Rh > W/Rh > W/Al, with the difference being statistically significant difference ( χ2=885.90, P<0.05). The mean dose to the glandular tissue increased with the increase in compressed breast thickness, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=31.58, 8.56, 76.13, 118.47, 24.09, P<0.05). Conclusions:The median average glandular dose in Tianjin was 1.32 mGy. This level is lower than in Guangxi province and Fuzhou city, similar to that in Beijing and Guangdong province, and lower than the national survey result of average breast dose. The efforts should be dedicated to further strengthening the research on the related factors of the average glandular dose in order to protect the health and safety of the examined individuals.

Objective:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS) in the perioperative period of congenital choledochal cysts in children.Methods:This is a multicenter prospective randomized controlled study. The clinical data of 273 pediatric congenital choledochal cysts(CCC) patients who underwent surgery at 14 medical centers with complete follow-up data were collected through the medical data analysis platform. Among them, 123 cases in ERAS group were managed perioperatively in strict accordance with ERAS mode, and 150 cases in conventional group were managed according to traditional mode. The length of hospital stay,time to first farting, time to complete feeding, the incidence of complications, cost and readmission rate within 30 days,stress indexes and liver function were compared between the two groups.Results:Compared with the conventional group, median time to start farting (2.0 d vs. 3.0 d, P<0.001), median time to complete feeding (5.0 d vs. 7.0 d, P<0.001), median postoperative hospitalization time (6.0 d vs. 9.0 d, P<0.001),the median total length of stay(13.0 d vs. 15.0 d, P<0.001) were shorter,the median hospitalization cost (37,000 yuan vs.43,000 yuan P<0.001) was lower, and stress indexes recovered quickly. The incidence of postoperative hospital stay and readimission rate within 30 d were not statistically different between the two groups. Conclusion:It is safe and feasible to implement ERAS for children with CCC in the perioperative period, which can reduce stress response, speed up recovery,and save medical costs.

Objective:To study the level of CT dose to paediatric patients in Tianjin, and to provide basic data for establishing the diagnostic reference levels for paediatric patients from CT examinations in Tianjin.Methods:In 2022, a general survey was carried out of the CT doses to the head, chest, abdomen and pelvis of the scanned paediatric patients in two tertiary pediatric hospitals and seven tertiary general hospitals in Tianjin. The scanned pediatric patients were divided into four age groups in terms of the age of -1, -5, -10 and -15 years, and 20 patients were investigated in each age group in each hospital. The basic information were collected on the scanned patients, CT scanning parameters, volume CT dose index (CTDI vol), dose length product (DLP), and the differences in CTDI vol and DLP on the same site among different age groups and different types of hospitals were analyzed. Results:There were significant differences in CTDI vol and DLP between different age groups at the same site (head, chest, abdominal and pelvic, CTDI vol:χ2=296.51, 193.82, 291.72, P<0.001; DLP: χ2=291.22, 263.63, 344.97, P<0.001). There were significant differences in CTDI vol and DLP among different types of hospitals on the same site (head, chest, abdominal and pelvic, CTDI vol:Z=-13.13, -7.57, -15.27, P<0.001; DLP: Z=-9.07, -6.15, -11.57, P < 0.001). Conclusions:The 75 th percentile values of CTDI vol and DLP for pediatric head, chest, abdomen and pelvis CT scanning in tertiary hospitals in Tianjin are at a good level, and the dose on some examination sites are relatively high. Further optimization of pediatric CT scanning procedures is necessary.

Periarticular fracture of the shoulder is a common type of fractures in the elderly. Postoperative adverse events such as internal fixation failure, humeral head ischemic necrosis and upper limb dysfunction occur frequently, which seriously endangers the exercise and health of the elderly. Compared with the fracture with normal bone mass, the osteoporotic periarticular fracture of the shoulder is complicated with slow healing and poor rehabilitation, so the clinical management becomes more difficult. At present, there is no targeted guideline or consensus for this type of fracture in China. In such context, experts from Youth Osteoporosis Group of Chinese Orthopedic Association, Orthopedic Expert Committee of Geriatrics Branch of Chinese Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Osteoporosis Group of Youth Committee of Chinese Association of Orthopedic Surgeons and Osteoporosis Committee of Shanghai Association of Chinese Integrative Medicine developed the Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporotic periarticular fracture of the shoulder in the elderly ( version 2023). Nine recommendations were put forward from the aspects of diagnosis, treatment strategies and rehabilitation of osteoporotic periarticular fracture of the shoulder, hoping to promote the standardized, systematic and personalized diagnosis and treatment concept and improve functional outcomes and quality of life in elderly patients with osteoporotic periarticular fracture of the shoulder.

Lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is one of the main complications in patients with traumatic fractures, and for severe patients, the DVT can even affect arterial blood supply, resulting in insufficient limb blood supply. If the thrombus breaks off, pulmonary embolism may occur, with a high mortality. The treatment and rehabilitation strategies of thrombosis in patients with lower extremity fractures have its particularity. DVT in traumatic fractures patients has attracted extensive attention and been largely studied, and the measures for prevention and treatment of DVT are constantly developing. In recent years, a series of thrombosis prevention and treatment guidelines have been updated at home and abroad, but there are still many doubts about the prevention and treatment of DVT in patients with different traumatic fractures. Accordingly, on the basis of summarizing the latest evidence-based medical evidence at home and abroad and the clinical experience of the majority of experts, the authors summarize the clinical treatment and prevention protocols for DVT in patients with traumatic fractures, and make this consensus on the examination and assessment, treatment, prevention and preventive measures for DVT in patients with different fractures so as to provide a practicable approach suitable for China ′s national conditions and improve the prognosis and the life quality of patients.