Zi goose is a small local variety with high fecundity,good meat quality,roughage resist-ance,strong adaptability and excellent down quality.It is an excellent female parent for cross breeding among varieties.With the rapid development of goose industry,the variety of Zi goose has not been well protected,the variety is hybrid and degraded seriously,and the number of pure Zi goose is decreasing day by day.This paper reviewed the research progress on the breeding distribu-tion and preservation status of Zi goose and the variety characteristics of Zi goose,in order to pro-vide reference for the research,protection and utilization of germplasm resources of Zi goose and the stable development of goose industry.

Objective:To investigate the effects of ATG5 and ATG7 genes on the sensitivity of multiple myeloma(MM)cell line RPMI-8226 cells to ferroptosis.Methods:CRISPR/Cas9 technology was used to knock out the autophagy key genes ATG5 and ATG7 in RPMI-8226 cells.Western blot was used to identify gene knockout cells,and detect the expression changes of autophagy-related proteins P62 and LC3B.Flow cytometry was used to detect the change of sensitivity of gene knockout cells to RSL3.The content of intracellular ferrous ions and reactive oxygen species(ROS)level in gene knockout cells were detected.Results:Western blot result confirmed that ATG5 and ATG7 genes were knocked out successfully in RPMI-8226 cells.The result of flow cytometry showed that the cell viability of RPMI-8226 cells was dose-dependent on different concentrations of RSL3(r=-0.969).RSL3(10 μmol/L)was used to induce ferroptosis in cells of control group and gene knockout groups,then the cell viability in gene knockout groups were both higher than control group after 48 hours(both P＜0.001).After knocking out the ATG5 and ATG7 genes,the content of intracellular Fe2+decreased significantly compared with control group(both P＜0.01),and the ROS level also decreased(both P＜0.001).Conclusion:Knockout of ATG5 and ATG7 genes can inhibit the ferroptosis of MM cells,and LAP pathway may be involved in the regulation.

Objective:To explore whether Ph+acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)cell line SUP-B15 treated with imatinib occurs a tolerant status charactered by cell proliferation suppression but apoptotic resistance,then evaluate whether IGF1-R inhibitor AEW541 can break this tolerance,and further explain its mechanisms.Methods:SUP-B15 cells were treated with different concentrations of imatinib or AEW541.Cell proliferation was assayed by Deep Blue,and apoptotic cells were determined by Annexin V/7-AAD staining.Apoptotic rate was measured by flow cytometry after co-treatment of imatinib and AEW541.Western blot was used to evaluate ABL downstream signals,including the phosphorylation of STAT5,ERK1/2,and AKT,as well as to detect cleaved caspase-3 and PARP1,the molecular signatures of apoptosis.Furthermore,an inhibitor of STAT5 or MEK-ERK1/2 was used to confirm the key mechanism of the combination of imatinib and AEW541 induced SUP-B15 cell apoptosis.Results:Imatinib monotherapy effectively suppressed the proliferation of SUP-B15 cells,but did not induce significant increase of apoptotic rate,leading to occurrence of tolerant status.AEW541 monotherapy did not dramatically affect the proliferation and apoptosis of SUP-B15 cells,but significantly increased apoptotic rate of SUP-B15 cells and cleavage of caspase-3 and PARP1 when combined with imatinib simultaneously. A combination of imatinib and AEW541 reduced STAT5 and ERK1/2 phosphorylation as compared with imatinib monotherapy in SUP-B15 cells,but had no impact on AKT phosphorylation.Apoptosis could be induced by STAT5 inhibitor AC-4-130,but not by MEK-ERK1/2 inhibitor trametinib in SUP-B15 cells.Conclusion:SUP-B15 cells treated with imatinib can establish drug tolerance.IGF1-R inhibitor AEW541 can further reduce STAT5 activation,thereby boosting the effect of apoptotic induction of imatinib on SUP-B15 cells.This research may provide a new idear to overcome imatinib tolerance.

Objective:This article aimed to explore and establish a systematic, progressive and standardized training content and path for ethics committee members, and also wants to continuously maintain and improve the quality and efficiency of ethical review, and at last wants to provide reference for the future formulation of ethics committee members training direction and system.Methods:This article analyzed the dilemma and the causes in the training process for ethics committee members through literature review, questionnaire survey, and policy researches, and at last focused on exploring the training content, timing, and methods.Results:We should begin with 3 dimensions: the ethics committee and its office, medical institutions, and higher government departments. We should also strengthen the training of ethics committee members through developing training plans, evaluating training effectiveness, improving training content, establishing training systems, reserving training teachers, leveraging the training functions of expert committees, promoting the construction of information exchange platforms, and strengthening international exchanges.Conclusions:It is imperative to strengthen training of ethics committee members, improve their competence, so as to improve the review quality of each ethics committee, and ultimately to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of research participants.

Ankylosing spondylitis(AS)is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by inflammatory back pain.Its pathological features mainly include inflammation,bone destruction,and pathologic new bone formation.The etiology of AS is complex,and it may be related to genetics,infections,the environment,and intestinal flora.Its pathogenesis has not yet been clarified.In recent years,osteoimmunology,as a new theme in the study of inflammatory arthritis,plays an important role in the pathogenesis and development of AS,which was embodied in the inflammatory response and imbalance of bone metabolism.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has the characteristics of multiple pathways,multiple components,multiple targets and multiple levels.TCM can improve the inflammatory response and bone metabolism imbalance of AS by regulating the osteoblasts of the skeletal system and the related factors of the immune system,thus to prevent and control AS.For this reason,the paper summarizes the role of bone immunology in the pathogenesis of AS,and reviews the current status of research on the intervention of TCM in bone immunology for the treatment of AS,with a view to providing certain references for the future clinical application of TCM in the prevention and treatment of AS.

Objective:To investigate the effect of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) 5033413D16Rik (lncRNA 5033413D16Rik) on the activity of interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein 1-20 (IRBP) 1-20-specific T helper 17 (Th17) cells in experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU). Methods:Twelve SPF grade C57BL/6 female mice aged 8 to 10 weeks were selected and divided into EAU group and normal control group using the random number table method, with 6 mice in each group.Mice in the normal control group received no treatment.Mice in the EAU group were immunized with IRBP 1-20 emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant to induce EAU.On day 13 after immunization, fundus examination and inflammation scoring were performed, and retinal histopathological changes were observed with hematoxylin and eosin staining.T cells were isolated from the spleen and lymph nodes of EAU mice, and the relative expression of lncRNA 5033413D16Rik was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR).In addition, the isolated T cells were divided into short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-5033413D16Rik transfected group and shRNA-negative control (NC) transfected group, and transfected with corresponding shRNAs, respectively.The knockdown efficiency of shRNA-5033413D16Rik was verified by qRT-PCR.T cells in the two groups were co-cultured with bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) under Th17 polarizing conditions.The relative expression of retinoic acid-related orphan receptor (RORγt), interleukin 17 (IL-17), IL-23 receptor (IL-23R), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) mRNA in co-cultured cells were analyzed by qRT-PCR.The IL-17 concentration in co-culture supernatants was assayed by ELISA and percentages of Th17 cells were determined by flow cytometry.The use and care of experimental animals complied with the Regulations for the Administration of Affairs Concerning Experimental Animals promulgated by the State Science and Technology Commission.The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Tianjin Medical University (No.TJYY2019110117). Results:EAU model was established successfully.qRT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of lncRNA 5033413D16Rik was significantly decreased in T cells from EAU mice compared with normal control mice ( t=-13.332, P<0.001).Compared with the shRNA-NC transfected group, the relative expression of lncRNA 5033413D16Rik in T cells of the shRNA-5033413D16Rik transfected group was significantly reduced ( t=-6.338, P<0.01).In co-cultured T cells, the expression levels of RORγt, IL-17, IL-23R, and GM-CSF mRNA in shRNA-5033413D16Rik transfected group were 1.61±0.13, 1.51±0.13, 1.85±0.33 and 1.45±0.11, which were significantly higher than 1.00±0.01, 1.00±0.01, 1.00±0.01 and 1.00±0.01 in shRNA-NC-transfected group ( t=-6.839, -8.221, -4.538, -4.189; all at P<0.05).ELISA analysis revealed that IL-17 concentraion in shRNA-5033413D16Rik transfected group was (2 350.39±367.02)pg/ml, which was significantly higher than (1 513.31±310.37)pg/ml ( t=-3.016, P=0.039).Flow cytometry showed that the percentage of Th17 cells in shRNA-5033413D16Rik transfected group was (17.20±0.44)%, which was higher than (14.10±0.84)% in normal control group ( t=-3.264, P=0.031). Conclusions:LncRNA 5033413D16Rik can inhibit the expression of pathogenicity related genes in antigen-specific Th17 cells and negatively regulates IRBP 1-20-specific Th17 cell responses.

Objective To design a novel oxygenator to solve the existing problems of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)machine in high transmembrane pressure difference,low efficiency of blood oxygen exchange and susceptibility to thrombosis.Methods The main body of the oxygenator vascular access flow field was gifted with a flat cylindrical shape.The topology of the vascular access was modeled in three dimensions,and the whole flow field was cut into a blood inlet section,an inlet buffer,a heat exchange zone,a blood oxygen exchange zone,an outlet buffer and a blood outlet section.The oxygenator was compared with Quadrox oxygenator by means of ANSYS FLUENT-based simulation and prototype experiments.Results Simulation calculations showed the oxygenator designed was comparable to the clinically used ones in general,and gained advantages in transmembrane pressure difference,blood oxygen exchange and flow uniformity.Experimental results indicated that the oxygenator behaved better than Quadrox oxygenator in transmembrane pressure difference and blood oxygen exchange.Conclusion The oxygenator has advantages in transmem-brane pressure difference,temperature change,blood oxygen ex-change and low probability of thrombosis.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(3):23-28]

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a kind of central nervous system disease that seriously threatens human health and life. Current treatment for AIS is mainly reperfusion. However, the time-sensitive of reperfusion limits its clinical application, and a considerable part of patients within the time window cannot achieve the expected effect after reperfusion; related complications of reperfusion have not been completely solved. So far, some clinical trials have confirmed that neuroprotectants are useful supplements and adjuncts to reperfusion. This paper reviews the recent advance in neuroprotectants combined with reperfusion in AIS to provide references for AIS treatment.

Objective To analyze the literature on artificial intelligence in forensic research from 2012 to 2022 in the Web of Science Core Collection Database,to explore research hotspots and developmen-tal trends.Methods A total of 736 articles on artificial intelligence in forensic medicine in the Web of Science Core Collection Database from 2012 to 2022 were visualized and analyzed through the litera-ture measuring tool CiteSpace.The authors,institution,country(region),title,journal,keywords,cited references and other information of relevant literatures were analyzed.Results A total of 736 articles published in 220 journals by 355 authors from 289 institutions in 69 countries(regions)were identi-fied,with the number of articles published showing an increasing trend year by year.Among them,the United States had the highest number of publications and China ranked the second.Academy of Forensic Science had the highest number of publications among the institutions.Forensic Science Inter-national,Journal of Forensic Sciences,International Journal of Legal Medicine ranked high in publica-tion and citation frequency.Through the analysis of keywords,it was found that the research hotspots of artificial intelligence in the forensic field mainly focused on the use of artificial intelligence technol-ogy for sex and age estimation,cause of death analysis,postmortem interval estimation,individual identification and so on.Conclusion It is necessary to pay attention to international and institutional cooperation and to strengthen the cross-disciplinary research.Exploring the combination of advanced ar-tificial intelligence technologies with forensic research will be a hotspot and direction for future re-search.

In recent years， the incidence of pulmonary nodules has kept rising. To give full play to the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） in the treatment of pulmonary nodules and identify the breakthrough points of integrating TCM with Western medicine， the China Association of Chinese Medicine organized medical experts in TCM and western medicine to carry out in-depth discussion regarding this disease. The discussion encompassed the modern medical advances， TCM theories of etiology and pathogenesis， the role and advantages of TCM in the whole course management of pulmonary nodules， contents and methods of research on pulmonary nodules， and science popularization work， aiming to provide a reference for clinical practice and scientific research. After discussion， the experts concluded that the occurrence of pulmonary nodules was rooted in the deficiency of the lung and spleen and triggered by phlegm dampness， blood stasis， and Qi stagnation. TCM can treat pulmonary nodules by controlling and reducing nodules， improving physical constitution， ameliorating multi-system nodular diseases， reducing anxiety and avoiding excessive diagnosis and treatment， and serving as an alternative for patients who are unwilling or unfit for surgical treatment. At present， the optimal diagnosis and treatment strategy for pulmonary nodules has not been formed， which needs to be further studied from multiple perspectives such as clinical epidemiology， biology， and evidence-based medicine. The primary task of current research is to find out the advantages， effective prescriptions， and target populations and determine the effective outcomes of TCM in the treatment of pulmonary nodules. At the same time， basic research should be carried out to explore the etiology and biological behaviors of pulmonary nodules. The expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary nodules with integrated TCM and Western medicine needs to be continuously revised to guide clinicians to conduct standardized， scientific， and accurate effective diagnosis and treatment.