OBJECTIVE: To explore the genetic etiology of 46 Chinese pedigrees affected with Hereditary multiple exostoses (HME) and provide genetic counseling and reproductive intervention. METHODS: Whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were carried out on 87 patients from the 46 pedigrees to analyze the variants of EXT1 and EXT2 genes. Pathogenicity of the variants was assessed based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP). Prenatal diagnosis and preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) were provided for couples with identified pathogenic mutations. This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the hospital (Ethics No.: LL-SC-SG-2014-010). RESULTS: In total 17 and 22 pathogenic variants were respectively identified in the EXT1 and EXT2 genes, among which 5 EXT1 and 12 EXT2 variants were unreported previously. Three patients with no family history were found to harbor de novo variants of the EXT1 gene. Twenty nine couples had opted for PGT or underwent prenatal diagnosis following natural conception, and 17 healthy babies were born. CONCLUSION This study has clarified the genetic etiology of 45 HME pedigrees and identified 17 novel variants, which has enriched the mutational spectrum of the EXT1 and EXT2 genes. Reproductive intervention through PGT and prenatal diagnosis have prevented the recurrence of HME in these families.
Humans ; Female ; Male ; Pedigree ; Exostoses, Multiple Hereditary/diagnosis* ; N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases/genetics* ; Adult ; Exostosin 1 ; Asian People/genetics* ; Genetic Testing ; Exostosin 2 ; Mutation ; China ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Pregnancy ; Genetic Counseling ; Preimplantation Diagnosis ; Exome Sequencing ; East Asian People

ObjectiveThe exacerbating trend of global population aging poses profound socioeconomic and public health challenges, making the comprehensive elucidation of biological aging mechanisms and the discovery of effective anti-aging interventions an urgent priority in the life sciences. Based on our previous serum metabolomics findings that dimethylglycine, an intermediate metabolite of amino acid metabolism naturally present in the human body, was significantly enriched in the serum of longevity families, this study aimed to systematically investigate the anti-aging effects of dimethylglycine both in living organisms and in controlled laboratory environments, and to preliminarily elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms. While existing literature indicates that dimethylglycine possesses antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties, its direct anti-aging efficacy and the specific molecular pathways through which it operates remain largely unexplored. MethodsTo comprehensively evaluate the anti-aging properties of dimethylglycine, we utilized replicative senescent human embryonic lung fibroblasts, specifically the WI-38 cell line, as an experimental model in a controlled laboratory environment. Cell viability and safety were thoroughly assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 and lactate dehydrogenase release assays across various concentrations of dimethylglycine. The impact of dimethylglycine on cellular senescence phenotypes, oxidative stress, and proliferative capacity was evaluated via senescence-associated beta-galactosidase staining, reactive oxygen species fluorescence detection, and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation assays. Furthermore, the molecular alterations of senescence-associated secretory phenotype factors and core senescence signaling pathways were quantified using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for the messenger RNA levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-8, p21, and matrix metalloproteinase-1, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the measurement of p16 and p21 protein expression levels. For the living organism model, the wild-type nematode Caenorhabditis elegans was used to evaluate systemic physiological effects. We conducted a comprehensive lifespan analysis at 20°C, heat stress resistance survival assays at 35℃, senescence-associated beta-galactosidase staining, lipofuscin accumulation tracking, intracellular reactive oxygen species measurement, and Oil Red O staining to ascertain systemic lipid accumulation. Additionally, network pharmacology bioinformatics tools, including PharmMapper and STRING databases, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis were utilized to predict target pathways, alongside highly detailed molecular docking simulations utilizing SwissDock and Protein-Ligand Interaction Profiler to examine interactions with the cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9 protein. ResultsThe experimental outcomes robustly demonstrate the potent anti-aging capabilities of dimethylglycine. At the cellular level, toxicity analyses firmly confirmed that dimethylglycine is highly safe; continuous treatment with 50 mol/L and 70 mol/L of dimethylglycine for 5 d did not induce any cellular membrane damage or cytotoxicity, but rather actively promoted cellular proliferation. Utilizing the optimal standardized concentration of 50 mol/L, dimethylglycine treatment significantly ameliorated senescent phenotypic markers in human embryonic lung fibroblasts, which was evidenced by a drastic and highly significant reduction in the senescence-associated beta-galactosidase positive cell percentage (P<0.000 1) and intracellular reactive oxygen species levels (P<0.000 1), alongside a marked increase in the 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine-positive proliferation rate (P=0.003 5). On a molecular expression scale, dimethylglycine significantly downregulated the messenger RNA expression of multiple core senescence-associated secretory phenotype inflammatory factors, including interleukin-6, interleukin-8, p21, and matrix metalloproteinase-1. Concurrently, it effectively suppressed the protein expression of critical cell cycle arrest markers, diminishing p16 protein levels by 57.3% (P=0.000 4) and p21 protein levels by 27.2% (P=0.000 7). In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans animal model, dimethylglycine significantly extended the mean lifespan from 20.402 d to an impressive 23.066 d (P<0.000 1) and notably enhanced overall survival rates under severe heat stress environmental conditions (P=0.017). Furthermore, systemic dimethylglycine intervention significantly mitigated age-related physiological decline by decreasing bodily lipofuscin accumulation (P<0.000 1), significantly reducing senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity, lowering systemic reactive oxygen species fluorescence (P=0.008), and effectively alleviating overall fat accumulation (P<0.000 1). Mechanistically, extensive network pharmacology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses strongly revealed that the potential targets of dimethylglycine are significantly enriched in fundamental drug metabolism and oxidative stress response pathways. Precision molecular docking simulations conclusively demonstrated that dimethylglycine forms highly stable structural interactions with the cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9 protein, specifically highlighting the definitive formation of 5 stable hydrogen bonds involving serine 365, leucine 366, and serine 429 residues, as well as two critical salt bridge formations with arginine 97 and histidine 368 residues. It is additionally predicted to interact favorably with glutathione S-transferase family proteins. ConclusionDimethylglycine exhibits a profoundly significant and multifaceted anti-aging activity at both the cellular and entire living animal levels. By powerfully alleviating oxidative stress, heavily suppressing the core p16 and p21-dependent cellular senescence signaling pathways, and substantially mitigating the detrimental senescence-associated secretory phenotype, dimethylglycine effectively delays fundamental cellular senescence processes and drastically extends whole-organism lifespan. The biological mechanisms driving these robust protective effects are highly likely closely associated with its direct stable interactions with crucial metabolic and detoxifying enzyme systems, such as cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 9 and glutathione S-transferase family proteins, thereby systemically improving metabolic dysregulation and restoring critical redox homeostasis. This comprehensive study provides highly solid experimental evidence supporting dimethylglycine as a highly potent and safe potential anti-aging intervention agent, while simultaneously offering a clear molecular mechanistic explanation for the previously documented high abundance of dimethylglycine observed within exceptionally long-lived human populations.

Objective To investigate the effects of penehyclidine hydrochloride(PHC)admin-istered at different time points on neurological function and the blood-brain barrier(BBB)in rat model of severe intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH),and to preliminarily explore its potential mechanism of action based on the growth arrest-specific protein 6(GAS6)/receptor tyrosine kinase(Axl)signaling pathway.Methods ICH model rats were established via intracerebral injection of a collagenase type Ⅳ solu-tion.The model rats were randomly divided into sham operation group(intracerebral injection of an equal volume of saline),model group(intracerebral injection of 0.4 μL of collagenase type Ⅳ solu-tion),24 h drug administration group(intracerebral injection of 0.4 μL of collagenase type Ⅳ solu-tion combined with intraperitoneal injection of 2 mg/kg PHC 24 h after successful model establish-ment),6 h drug administration group(intracerebral injection of 0.4 μL of collagenase type Ⅳ solu-tion combined with intraperitoneal injection of 2 mg/kg PHC 6 h after successful model establish-ment),pre-drug administration group(intraperitoneal injection of 2 mg/kg PHC before modeling combined with intracerebral injection of 0.4 μL of collagenase type Ⅳ solution),and pathway in-hibitor group(intraperitoneal injection of 2 mg/kg PHC before modeling combined with intracerebral injection of 0.4 μL of collagenase type Ⅳ solution and intraperitoneal injection of 75 mg/kg R428,a GAS6/Axl signaling pathway inhibitor,after successful model establishment).The degree of neu-rological impairment in rats was assessed after successful model establishment and at the end of treat-ment;brain tissue water content in rats was calculated;brain tissue damage and Evans blue(EB)content in rats were evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin(HE)and EB staining methods;western blot was used to detect the expression levels of Claudin-5,zonula occludens-1(ZO-1),Occludin,ma-trix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9),and proteins related to the GAS6/Axl signaling pathway in brain tissue.Results HE staining revealed that compared with the sham operation group,the model group exhibited irregular arrangement of brain tissue cells,a large number of necrotic cells,and sig-nificant infiltration of inflammatory cells;compared with the model group,the 24 h drug administra-tion,6 h drug administration,pre-drug administration,and pathway inhibitor groups showed more orderly brain tissue cells,reduced cell gaps,and decreased infiltration of inflammatory cells;com-pared with the 24 h drug administration group,the 6 h drug administration,pre-drug administration,and pathway inhibitor groups exhibited more intact brain tissue cell structures,reduced cell gaps,and decreased infiltration of inflammatory cells;compared with the pre-drug administration group,the 6 h drug administration and pathway inhibitor groups showed slight swelling of brain tissue cells and a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration.Compared with the sham operation group,the model group had increased neurological function scores,brain tissue water content,EB content in brain tissue,and MMP-9 protein levels,along with decreased levels of ZO-1,Occludin,Claudin-5 proteins,and GAS6 and p-Axl protein expression;compared with the model group,the 24 h drug administration,6 h drug administration,pre-drugadministration,and pathway inhibitor groups had decreased neurological function scores,brain tissue water content,EB content in brain tissue,and MMP-9 protein levels,along with increased levels of ZO-1,Occludin,Claudin-5 proteins,and GAS6 and p-Axl protein levels in brain tissue;compared with the 24 h drug administration group,the 6 h drug administration,pre-drug administration,and pathway inhibitor groups had decreased neurological function scores,brain tissue water content,EB content in brain tissue,and MMP-9 protein levels,along with increased levels of ZO-1,Occludin,Claudin-5 proteins,and GAS6 and p-Axl protein expression;compared with the pre-drug administration group,the 6 h drug administra-tion and pathway inhibitor groups had increased neurological function scores,brain tissue water con-tent,EB content in brain tissue,and MMP-9 protein levels,along with decreased levels of ZO-1,Occludin,Claudin-5 proteins,and GAS6 and p-Axl protein expression in brain tissue;the between-group differences mentioned above were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Early ad-ministration of PHC can improve neurological function and the BBB in ICH rats by reducing brain tissue damage and brain edema,and its mechanism may be related to the activation of the GAS6/Axl signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and impact on psycho-behavioral as-pects of sublingual immunotherapy with dermatophagoides farinae drops in children with multiple al-lergies and young-age allergic rhinitis(AR).Methods A total of 139 children with AR sensitized to mites who were treated at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were retrospec-tively selected.Based on the types of allergens,they were divided into single-allergen group and mul-tiple-allergen group,and into young-age group(≤4 years old)and older-age group(＞4 years old)according to age.Visual Analogue Scale(VAS),Total Nasal Symptom Score(TNSS),Child Behav-ior Checklist(CBCL)score,and serum total immunoglobulin E(IgE)levels were compared before treatment and at 6 and 12 months after treatment.Results A total of 123 children completed one-year of sublingual immunotherapy and clinical observation.Compared with pre-treatment,the VAS scores,TNSS,and serum total IgE concentrations of children decreased at 6 and 12 months after desensitization treatment.Moreover,the VAS scores,TNSS,and serum total IgE concentrations at 12 months of treatment were lower than those at 6 months(P＜0.05).Compared with pre-treatment,after 12 months of desensitization treatment,the scores of social withdrawal,anxiety/depression,somatic complaints,and hyperactivity items in children decreased(P＜0.05).After 6 and 12 months of desensitization treatment,the VAS scores and TNSS in the multiple-allergen group were lower than those in the single-allergen group(P＜0.05).Compared with pre-treatment,the serum total IgE concentrations in both the single-allergen group and the multiple-allergen group decreased at 6 and 12 months after treatment,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).Before treat-ment,the serum total IgE concentration in the older-age group was higher than that in the young-age group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Sublingual immunotherapy can achieve significant efficacy in chil-dren with multiple allergies and young-age(≤4 years old)AR,and shows better efficacy in chil-dren with multiple allergies.Meanwhile,this treatment is also beneficial for reducing the occurrence of psycho-behavioral problems in children,especially for improving hyperactive behavior.

Objective:To discern the association between autism-like behaviors and resilience within the ado-lescent demographic.Methods:A total of 7 063 middle school students were selected to assess ASD-like behaviors and resilience in adolescents using the Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire(ASSQ)as well as the Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescent(RSCA).Subgroups bounded by P5 and P95 of the total ASSQ score,a comparative analysis of the resilience scores between these groups was executed.A correlation evaluation and linear regression a-nalysis was carried out between ASSQ and RSCA scores from all participants.Results:The RSCA scores within the high ASSQ scoring group,were inferior to those in the low scoring group.ASSQ scores were negatively correlated with RSCA scores for the full sample(Ps＜0.01);Social interaction scores on the ASSQ were negatively correlated with the five-factor RSCA scores(β=-0.23,-0.27,-0.11,-0.23,-0.37,Ps＜0.05).Conclusion:There was a negative association between autism spectrum disorder-like behaviors and resilience in adolescents,with more severe social interaction symptoms being associated with poorer resilience.

Objective:To investigate the effects of multimodal and multisensory stimulation training on feeding-swallowing and neurological functions in stroke patients with dysphagia.Methods:Stroke patients with dysphagia treated at Henan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2023 to October 2024 were enrolled. Patients were randomly divided into three groups according to the random number table method, with 36 patients in each group. These three groups underwent different interventions for a period of 8 weeks: multisensory stimulation intervention (stimulation group), multimodal rehabilitation training intervention (rehabilitation group), and innovative multimodal and multisensory stimulation training intervention (combined group). The Kubota water swallow test and functional oral intake scale (FOIS) were used to assess the effective improvement rate of feeding function. Differences in scores of modified Mann assessment of swallowing (MMASA), swallowing quality of life (SWAL-QOL), and National Institute of Health Stroke scale (NIHSS) among the three groups were compared before intervention, and at 4 and 8 weeks post-intervention. SPSS 27.0 software was used to analyze the data by one-way ANOVA, repeated measures ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson correlation analysis. Results:(1) After 8 weeks of intervention, the effective improvement rates of feeding function were 75.00%(27/36) and 72.22%(26/36) in the stimulation group and rehabilitation group, respectively, which were both lower than that in the combined group (94.44%(34/36), both P<0.05). (2) The interaction effect between time and group was significant in MMASA scores among the three groups before and after intervention ( F=2.569, P<0.05). MMASA scores at 8 weeks post-intervention were higher than those at 4 weeks post-intervention and baseline in all groups (all P<0.05), and scores at 4 weeks post-intervention were also higher than those at baseline (all P<0.05). At 4 and 8 weeks post-intervention, MMASA scores in the combined group (85.64±11.26, 92.56±10.55) were higher than those in the stimulation group (73.52±12.65, 82.97±12.84) and rehabilitation group (72.47±11.38, 84.39±12.29) (all P<0.05). (3) The interaction effect between time and group was significant in SWAL-QOL total scores among the three groups before and after intervention ( F=18.561, P<0.05). SWAL-QOL total scores at 8 weeks post-intervention were higher than those at 4 weeks post-intervention and baseline in all groups ( P<0.05), and scores at 4 weeks post-intervention were also higher than those at baseline (all P<0.05). At 4 and 8 weeks post-intervention, SWAL-QOL total scores in the combined group (115.64±9.26, 135.68±9.55) were higher than those in the stimulation group (108.42±8.65, 113.75±8.84) and rehabilitation group (108.37±8.38, 114.39±9.29) (all P<0.05). (4) The interaction effect between time and group was significant in NIHSS scores among the three groups before and after intervention ( F=7.890, P<0.05). NIHSS scores at 8 weeks post-intervention were lower than those at 4 weeks post-intervention and baseline in all groups (all P<0.05), and scores at 4 weeks post-intervention were also lower than those at baseline (all P<0.05). At 4 and 8 weeks post-intervention, NIHSS scores in the combined group (8.36±1.35, 5.22±1.05) were lower than those in the stimulation group (11.65±2.11, 8.78±1.12) and rehabilitation group (11.32±2.03, 8.36±1.17) (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Multimodal and multisensory stimulation training can improve feeding-swallowing function and neurological impairment in stroke patients with dysphagia, with intervention effects superior to those of either approach used alone.

Objective To comparatively analyze the disparities in informatization construction between primary healthcare institu-tions in remote and non-remote areas,clarify the causes and manifestations of regional digital divides,and provide empirical evidence for optimizing resource allocation in remote areas and promoting health equity.The study also offers policy insights for advancing the"Internet+Healthcare"strategy based on local conditions.Methods A stratified sampling survey was conducted among 1 255 primary healthcare institutions in Sichuan Province to systematically compare informatization construction differences between remote and non-remote areas.Results Compared with non-remote areas,remote areas exhibited significant gaps in the coverage of informa-tization infrastructure and the construction of core system integration platforms.Remote areas also had higher absence rates of clinical service systems and notable disparities in institutional informatization investment and the allocation of dedicated IT person-nel.However,remote areas demonstrated strengths in the deployment of health terminals(e.g.,integrated health devices,smart follow-up kits,and wearable devices)and the construction of systems for infection control/communicable disease management and patient follow-up management.Conclusion Regional digital divides are primarily constrained by three factors:fiscal invest-ment,talent reserves,and technical adaptability.A differentiated policy support system is needed to address these challenges.

Objective To explore the factors that influence major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)in atrial fibrillation(AF)patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation(RFA),as well as to compare the prognosis of patients with advanced AF to that of the general population.Methods We prospectively recruited AF patients who underwent RFA treatment at Peking University Third Hospital between January 2021 and March 2023.General patient data were collected through the hospital's inpatient system,and MACE were tracked through outpatient visits and telephone follow-ups.Patients were categorized into three age groups:Group 1(under 65 years),Group 2(65 to 75 years),and Group 3(over 75 years).In this study,MACE was defined as include cardiovascular death,all-cause death,readmission for heart failure,acute coronary syndrome(ACS),grade 2 or higher bleeding and stroke.Results A total of 431 patients were included in this study,with an average age of(66.17±12.22)years.Among these patients,259 were male(60.09％),and the mean of CHA2DS2-VASc score was(1.79±1.30).The median follow-up period was 16.0(11.3,21.3)months,during which 28(6.50％)patients experienced MACE,with ACS and stroke being the most common events.Variables were selected using LASSO regression,and a LASSO-Cox regression model was constructed.Age(HR 1.06,95％CI 1.02-1.10,P=0.006)and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HR 3.70,95％CI 1.27-8.68,P=0.008)were identified as independent predictors of MACE after RFA for AF.Subgroup analysis revealed that patients under 65 had significantly better prognoses compared to older AF patients(P=0.030 compared with group 2;P=0.021 compared with group 3).Conclusions Age and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are independent risk factors for MACE in AF patients undergoing RFA.The prognosis for younger patients is better than that for older patients,while the prognosis for advanced patients is comparable to that of patients aged 65-75 years.

Objectives:To explore whether short-course radiotherapy (SCRT)-based total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) combined with PD-1 inhibitors could further promote tumor regression and improve the prognosis.Methods:This is a prospective, multicenter, two-arm randomized controlled, seamless phase Ⅱ/Ⅲ trial for proficient mismatch repair or microsatellite stable (pMMR/MSS) locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Eligible patients were randomly assigned to the iTNT (TNT+PD-1) group or the TNT group. Patients in the TNT group received SCRT (5 Gy×5) followed by 4 cycles of CAPOX or 6 cycles of mFOLFOX chemotherapy, with the iTNT group receiving SCRT followed by the same regime in combination with 4 cycles of Sintilimab. Total mesorectal excision (TME) surgery or watch and wait (W&W) was performed after neoadjuvant therapy and then 2 cycles of same regimen as before were recommended. The primary endpoints are the complete response (CR) rate for phase Ⅱ trial and 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) for phase Ⅲ trial. A total of 588 patients will be enrolled for the phase Ⅱ/Ⅲ trial. Short-term efficacy and safety data from the initial 100 treated patients were analyzed as planned.Results:From 2022-8-31 to 2023-5-24 the initial 100 patients were enrolled from 10 hospitals in China, 76.0%(76/100) patients were male, and the median age was 61 years (21-74 years). More patients had tumors located in the lower rectum (78.0%, 78/100), staged T3-4 (97.0%, 97/100) and N1-2 (93.0%, 93/100), and about half of the tumors invaded the mesorectal fascia (52.0%, 52/100) and with extramural vascular invasion (51.0%, 51/100). Analyses were performed according to the per-protocal (PP) set. All patients in the iTNT group ( n=52) and the TNT group ( n=48) completed SCRT; The 4-cycle chemotherapy±Sintilimab completion rates were 86.5% and 100.0% in the iTNT and TNT groups, respectively. In the iTNT group, 82.7% (43/52), 11.5% (6/52), and 5.8% (3/52) of the patients received 4, 3, and 2 cycles of PD-1 inhibitor. After TNT, 68 patients underwent radical surgery and 15 patients achieved cCR and adopted W&W. The pathological complete response (pCR) rates were 48.5% (16/33) and 17.1% (6/35) in the iTNT and TNT groups, with CR rates of 50.0% (25/50) and 26.1% (12/46), respectively. The incidence of treatment-related grade 3-4 adverse events was 26.9% (14/52, iTNT group) and 18.8% (9/48, TNT group), with thrombocytopenia and leukopenia being the most common. Among patients receiving immunotherapy, grade 3 immunotherapy-related adverse events occurred in 2 (3.8%, 2/52) patients: one case was pancreatitis, another case was hepatitis combined with myositis and myocarditis. Conclusion:The preliminary results show that SCRT-based TNT combined with PD-1 inhibitors could further improve the CR rate for LARC without unexpected serious adverse events.

Objective:To understand the epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal distribution of genital herpes in China from 2010 to 2023 and provide evidence for the prevention and control of genital herpes.Methods:The reported data of genital herpes cases in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China from 2010 to 2023 were collected from the National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System of China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. Software Joinpoint 5.2.0 was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of genital herpes, software ArcGIS 10.5 was used for spatial autocorrelation analysis, and software SaTScan 10.2.3 was used for spatiotemporal scanning analysis.Results:The reported incidence rate of genital herpes increased from 1.58/100 000 to 2.00/100 000 in China from 2010 to 2023, with an average annual percentage change of 0.90%. The upward trend of reported incidence rate was significant ( t=2.35, P=0.037). There was a positive spatial autocorrelation in the reported incidence of genital herpes with the global Moran's I ranging from 0.36 to 0.51 (all P<0.001). Local spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that the number of hotspots increased from 144 in 2010 to 232 in 2023, mainly distributed in provinces Zhejiang, Guangdong, Guangxi, Chongqing and Hunan. The number of hotspots in of Chongqing, Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou increased significantly from 7 to 57. A total of 67 spatiotemporal clusters were detected by spatiotemporal scanning analysis, mainly distributed in Guangdong from 2011 to 2015, in Zhejiang and Fujian from 2015 to 2019, and in Chongqing and Guizhou from 2019 to 2023. Conclusions:From 2010 to 2023, the reported incidence of genital herpes in China showed an upward trend, and there was an obvious spatiotemporal clustering of genital herpes. The distribution of hotspots was basically consistent with the distribution of spatiotemporal clustering areas, mainly distributed in the southeastern coastal area and southwestern region, and the spatiotemporal clustering areas gradually changed from the southeast coastal area to the southwest region.