OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to reexplore minimum iodine excretion and to build a dietary iodine recommendation for Chinese adults using the obligatory iodine loss hypothesis. METHODS: Data from 171 Chinese adults (19-21 years old) were collected and analyzed based on three balance studies in Shenzhen, Yinchuan, and Changzhi. The single exponential equation was accordingly used to simulate the trajectory of 24 h urinary iodine excretion as the low iodine experimental diets offered (iodine intake: 11-26 μg/day) and to further deduce the dietary reference intakes (DRIs) for iodine, including estimated average requirement (EAR) and recommended nutrient intake (RNI). RESULTS: The minimum iodine excretion was estimated as 57, 58, and 51 μg/day in three balance studies, respectively. Moreover, it was further suggested as 57, 58, and 51 μg/day for iodine EAR, and 80, 81, and 71 μg/day for iodine RNI or expressed as 1.42, 1.41, and 1.20 μg/(day·kg) of body weight. CONCLUSION The iodine DRIs for Chinese adults were established based on the obligatory iodine loss hypothesis, which provides scientific support for the amendment of nutrient requirements.
Humans ; Iodine/administration & dosage* ; Male ; Female ; China ; Young Adult ; Diet ; Adult ; Nutritional Requirements ; East Asian People

AIM To establish an LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous content determination of forsythin,forsythoside A,chlorogenic acid,neochlorogenic acid,amygdalin,emodin,rhein and salidroside in Lianhua Qingwen Capsules.METHODS The analysis was performed on a 35℃thermostatic ACQUITY UPlC-HSS T3 column(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of 0.1%formic acid-acetonitrile flowing at 0.3 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and electron spray ionization source was adopted in negative ion scanning with multiple reaction monitoring mode.RESULTS Eight constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges(r≥0.999 5),whose average recoveries were 99.20%-100.96%with the RSDs of 0.62%-1.23%.CONCLUSION This simple,sensitive and reliable method can be used for the quality control of Lianhua Qingwen capsules.

Ying and wei qi is derived from the essence of water and grain， and is the basic material to maintain the normal life activities of the body. Ying and wei qi has the difference of nature of yin and yang or the clear and the turbid. When the relationship between ying and wei qi is out of order and in reverse disorder， it will lead to the occurrence of various diseases. Based on the analysis of the theory of "ying-wei disorder" in The Inner Canon of Yellow Emperor （《黄帝内经》）， this paper started from the perspective of the exuberance and debilitation， circulation and function of ying qi and wei qi， focused on the theoretical understanding that the change of deficiency and excess （"fall"） and the change of circulation （"move"）， and refined the core mechanism of "ying-wei disorder"， which is the depletion of ying qi and wei qi， stagnation of ying qi and wei qi， and disharmony of ying qi and wei qi， and finally summarized the syndrome identification and treatment method of supporting ying qi and assisting wei qi， promoting ying qi and moving wei qi， regulating ying qi and wei qi， and constructed the syndrome identification and treatment system for ying-wei disorder of malignant tumor in clinic.

Objective To investigate the effects of raddeanin A(RA)on the proliferation and apoptosis of HCT116 cells and on the β-catenin/c-Myc pathway.Methods Human colon cancer HCT116 cells were divided into four groups:Control group,experimental-L group,experimental-M group and experimental-H group.Experimental-L,experimental-M,experimental-H groups were treated with 5,10 and 20 μmol·L-1raddeanin A,and the control group was given the same amount of normal saline,respectively.The inhibitory effect of RA on the proliferation of HCT116 cells of colon cancer was detected by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)method.Cell nucleus morphology change was observed with the fluorescence;the apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry;and the expression of related proteins of β-catenin/c-Myc signaling pathway was detected by western blot.Results After 48 h,the cell inhibitory rates of the control group,experimental-L,experimental-M,experimental-H groups were 0,(19.15±0.65)％,(35.11±0.40)％and(49.93±1.13)％,respectively;the cell apoptosis rates were(0.16±0.18)％,(9.26±0.42)％,(17.87±2.54)％and(38.10±2.70)％,respectively;the protein expression levels of β-catenin were 0.74±0.03,0.69±0.01,0.33±0.02 and 0.16±0.04,respectively;the protein expression levels of c-Myc were 0.89±0.01,0.54±0.03,0.29±0.03 and 0.13±0.04,respectively;the protein expression levels of Cyclin D1 were 0.84±0.04,0.66±0.01,0.48±0.06 and 0.21±0.03,respectively;the expression levels of Cleaved-Caspase3 protein were 0.19±0.03,0.26±0.04,0.45±0.04 and 0.78±0.01,respectively.The above indicators in the experimental-L,experimental-M,experimental-H groups showed statistically significant differences compared to those of control group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion RA can inhibit the proliferation of HCT116 cells and induce apoptosis,which may be related to the inhibition of β-catenin/c-Myc signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the effects of acetylshikonin on proliferation,invasion and migration of oxaliplatin-resistant human colon cancer HCT116 cells(HCT116/L-OHP).Methods HCT116/L-OHP cells were divided into blank group,control group,experimental-L group,experimental-M group and experimental-H group.The control group was treated with 10 μmol·L-1 oxaliplatin.The experimental-L,experimental-M,experimental-H groups were treated with 1.25,2.50 and 5.00 μmol·L-1 acetylshikin and 10 μmol·L-1 oxaliplatin,respectively.The blank group was given routine culture.The changes of HCT116/L-OHP cell proliferation were detected by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)method;flow cytometry was used to evaluate the apoptosis of cells;Transwell assay was used to detect the changes of cell migration and invasion ability;Western blot was used to detect the expressions of P-glycoprotein(P-gp),matrix metallo-proteinases 2(MMP2),nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB)/and hypoxia induced factor-1 α(HIF-1α)proteins.Results The cell inhibition rates of the blank group,control group and experimental-L,-M,-H groups were 0,(8.27±0.01)％,(10.53±0.02)％,(34.17±0.01)％and(48.47±0.05)％;cell apoptosis rates were(0.13±0.02)％,(1.37±1.04)％,(9.73±0.87)％,(26.71±4.26)％and(40.75±4.70)％;invading cells were 130.70±9.81,127.10±9.21,71.83±3.57,28.83±1.87 and 19.63±6.11;the number of migration cells was 150.50±10.17,148.40±8.13,94.58±4.09,63.98±5.09 and 31.85±5.50;the relative expression levels of P-gp protein were 0.91±0.01,0.89±0.02,0.75±0.04,0.61±0.07 and 0.25±0.03;the relative expression levels of MMP2 protein were 1.24±0.01,1.22±0.02,0.96±0.01,0.53±0.01 and 0.16±0.02;the relative expression levels of NF-κB-p65 were 1.12±0.12,1.07±0.01,0.78±0.01,0.64±0.02 and 0.31±0.03;the relative expression levels of HIF-1 α were 0.65±0.04,0.52±0.03,0.41±0.02,0.35±0.03 and 0.09±0.01,respectively.The above indicators in the experimental-L,-M,-H groups showed statistically significant differences compared to those of blank group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Acetylshikonin combined with oxaliplatin can significantly inhibit the proliferation,invasion and migration of HCT116/L-OHP cells,and induce cell apoptosis,which may be related to the inhibition of P-gp and MMP2 expression and the activation of NF-κB/HIF-1 α signal.

Child ; Humans ; Lead ; Urban Population ; Nutritional Status ; Health Surveys ; China/epidemiology* ; Rural Population

Aim To investigate the slope ratio method for the determination of anticoagulant activity of leeches. Methods Three batches of leeches, four groups of Japanese medical vermiculite yinpian and fifteen groups of leech preparations were chosen, with contrast medicinal leeches herbs and Philippine cattle leech contrast medicinal materials, and different concentrations of leaching solutions were prepared in parallel. APTT value was determined after anticoagulant activity was determined by slope ratio method for the joint validation of laboratory, intermediate precision and accuracy between the linear range. Results The slope ratio method was accurate and accurate in the determination of anticoagulant activity of leeches, with linearity between 64% and 156% relative titer level. Conclusion Slope ratio method can be used to determine the anticoagulant activity of leeches.

OBJECTIVE: This study is to obtain precise data on iron physiological requirements in Chinese children using single stable isotope tracer technique. METHODS: Thirty boys (10.6 ± 0.2 years) and 27 girls (10.4 ± 0.2 years) were received oral 6 mg ⁵⁷Fe each day for 5 consecutive days. Venous blood samples were subsequently drawn to examine the change of total iron concentration and ⁵⁷Fe abundance at day 0, 14, 28, 60, 90, 180, 360, 450, 540, 630, 720. The iron physiological requirement was calculated by iron loss combined with iron circulation rate once ⁵⁷Fe abundance stabilized in human body. RESULTS: The iron physiological requirement was significantly lower in boys than those values in girls (16.88 ± 7.12 vs. 18.40 ± 8.81 μg/kg per day, P < 0.05). Correspondingly, the values were calculated as 722.46 ± 8.43 μg/day for boys and 708.40 ± 7.55 μg/day for girls, respectively. Considering nearly 10% iron absorption rate, the estimated average iron physiological requirement was 6.0 mg/day in boys and 6.2 mg/day in girls. CONCLUSION This study indicate that iron physiological requirement could require more daily iron intake in girls as compare with the values in boys having the same body weight. These findings would be facilitate to the new revised dietary reference intakes.
Body Weight ; Child ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Iron ; Isotopes ; Male ; Nutritional Status

Aim To investigate the efficacy of arctigenin on airway inflammation in a mouse model of asthma and the mechanism related to the SIRT1/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Methods Forty female BALB/c mice of clean grade were selected and divided into control group, OVA model group and ATG group (5, 10 and 20 mg · kg

The study is to investigate the effect of glaucocalyxin A (GLA) on mast cell-mediated anaphylaxis. The animal welfare and experimental process of this experiment followed the regulations of the Animal Ethics Committee of Yanbian University. BALB/c mice were used in the animal experiment and randomly divided into five groups, control group, model group, and GLA low, medium, and high dose groups (10, 20, and 40 mg·kg^-1). Mice were sensitized by intradermal injection of anti-dinitrophenyl-immunoglobulin E (DNP-IgE) into the ears and challenged with a mixture of DNP-human serum albumin (HSA) and 4% evans blue into the tail veins to prepare an animal skin passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) model, which was collected from both ears for measurement of dye staining and histology. Rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMCs) were used in the cell experiment and divided into control, IgE + antigen (Ag), and IgE + Ag + GLA groups to determine histamine release as well as calcium influx levels. High-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI)-mediated signaling pathway proteins and HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB (high mobility group box 1/toll like receptor 4/nuclear transcription factor kappa B) signaling proteins were detected by Western blot. The results of animal experiments suggest that GLA inhibits PCA, reduces evans blue dye exudation, and reduces ear inflammation and ear thickness in mice. The results of cellular experiments suggested that GLA could reduce histamine release and calcium influx, and inhibit tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, and IL-1β production; Western blot results showed that GLA inhibited FcεRI-mediated phosphorylation levels of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), Lck/Yes novel tyrosine kinase (Lyn), tyrosine kinase Fyn (Fyn), growth-factor receptor-bound protein 2 (Gab2), and phospholipase C (PLC) γ1, while GLA inhibited HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway to limit NF-κB p65 nuclear metastasis. The results indicate that GLA inhibits mast cell degranulation and attenuates allergic inflammation through the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.