OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of multidrug-resistant bacteria in the neonatal intensive care unit of a three-A children's hospital in Henan Province,and to provide reference for ational drug use in clinical practice.METHODS Clinical specimens from hospitalized newborns in neonatal intensive care unit from a three-A children's hospital from Jan.1,2019 to Dec.31,2023 were subjected to etiological exam-ination and drug sensitivity test,and to analyze the distribution and drug resistance of multidrug-resistant bacteri-a in hospitalized newborns.RESULTS During the 5-year period,1139 strains of multidrug-resistant bacteria were i-solated,including 229 gram-positive bacteria(20.11％)and 910 gram-negative bacteria(79.89％).There were 92 strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)(accounting for 8.08％),57 strains(accounting for 5.00％)of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus epidermidis and 28 strains(accounting for 2.46％)of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative human Staphylococcus.370 strains(accounting for 32.48)of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(CRKP),268 strains(accounting for 23.53％)of extenspectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and 85 strains(accounting for 7.46％)of K.pneumoniae,there were 767 sputum specimens(67.34％),160 blood specimens from peripheral intravenous puncture and central venous cath-eterization(PICC)(14.05％),63 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid specimens(5.53％),29 secretion specimens(eye and wound secretions)(2.54％),and 120 other specimens(10.54％).K.pneumoniae and E.coli producing su-per-broad spectrum β-lactamase,CRKP and MRSA were the main drug-resistant bacteria.CONCLUSION The sit-uation of drug resistance in neonatal intensive care unit is serious,therefore monitoring bacterial resistance should be strengthened according to the clinical laboratory results,and antibiotics should be applied rationally.

Digital polymerase chain reaction(dPCR)enables absolute quantitative detection of nucleic acid samples.Since the quantitative upper and lower limits of detectable samples mainly depend on the volume and number of single droplets,the abundance of the sample to be tested,the volume of single droplets,and the number of droplets need to be adapted.For samples with unknown abundance,repeated adjustment of droplet size is not allowed.In this study,a one-step double-volume droplet generation method was proposed,and a double-volume droplet microfluidic chip was developed to verify the quantitative detection capability of the chip using a duck-derived kit.The results showed that the droplets with different volumes had different quantitative capabilities.Large-volume droplets had higher reliability for low-abundance sample concentrations,while small-volume droplets had advantages in detecting high-abundance sample concentrations.The double-volume droplets produced by the double-volume droplet microfluidic chip proposed in this study greatly improved the reliability of quantitative capabilities,and had broad application prospects in detection of precious nucleic acid samples with unknown abundance in the field of microfluidic PCR.

A centrifugation-free,single-reaction colorimetric method for detection of glucose,utilizing a dual nanozyme cascade system based on gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)and iron-doped carbon dots(FeCDs),was developed in this work.The AuNPs exhibited glucose oxidase-like activity to catalyze glucose oxidation for generation of H2O2,while the FeCDs demonstrated peroxidase-like activity to subsequently catalyze the H2O2-mediated oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine(TMB).To prevent interference from the blue signal generated by self-aggregation of AuNPs in subsequent quantitative detection,the reaction system was terminated with HCl,converting oxTMB into a stable yellow product.Based on changes in the absorbance at 450 nm of this yellow solution,a quantitative relationship was established between glucose concentration and absorbance at 450 nm(A450).Experimental results demonstrated that this sensor achieved a linear detection range of 44 μmol/L to 11.11 mmol/L(R2=0.993)with a detection limit of 30.68 μmol/L and spiked recoveries of 97.9%-104.7%.By integrating smartphone-based color recognition capabilities,a rapid visual detection platform was established for quantification of glucose through RGB analysis.The validation experimental results using commercial glucose injection samples further confirmed the practical application potential of this methodology.

Objective To investigate the effects of exposure to various concentrations of cigar smoke on gut microbiota in mice.Methods A total of 40 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the control group,the low-dose cigar exposure group,the medium-dose group and the high-dose group,with 10 mice in each group.After 4 weeks of feeding,fecal samples were collected for gene sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA and analysis of differences in gut microbiota.Results Compared to the control group,gut microbiota richness was signifi-cantly reduced in the cigar-exposed groups(P<0.05).Compared with thecontrol group,the Shannon index of mice in the high-dose group was significantly increased(P<0.05).In multi-group comparisons,ten bacterial genera with high abundance-such as Akkermansia,Allobaculum,and Alloprevotella-were identified.Pairwise comparison results indicated that compared to the control group,abundances of Akkermansia,Candidatus_Sac-charimonas,and Lactobacillus decreased while those of Allobaculum,Alloprevotella,Muribaculaceae,and Pre-votellaceae_UCG001 increased(P<0.05).Alistipes and Faecalibaculum showed significant increases in low-dose and medium-dose groups respectively,Blautia and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136 group exhibited notable in-creases in the high-dose group(P<0.05).Linear discriminant analysis effect size revealed that six phyla and forty-four species displayed significant differences across all groups at both phylum and species levels,distinct dose-specific were observed among different cigar exposure groups.Conclusion Cigar smoke exposure and different exposure concentrations can both cause changes in the gut microbiota.The effects of different con-centrations of cigars on the gut microbiota of mice are specific.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) in differentiating tumor deposits (TDs) from metastatic lymph nodes (MLNs) in rectal cancer. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 70 patients with rectal cancer, including 168 lesions (70 TDs and 98 MLNs confirmed by histopathology), who underwent pretreatment MRI and subsequent surgery between March 2019 and December 2022. The morphological characteristics of TDs and MLNs, along with quantitative parameters derived from DCE-MRI (K trans , kep, and v e) and DWI (ADCmin, ADCmax, and ADCmean), were analyzed and compared between the two groups.Multivariable binary logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to assess the diagnostic performance of significant individual quantitative parameters and combined parameters in distinguishing TDs from MLNs. Results: All morphological features, including size, shape, border, and signal intensity, as well as all DCE-MRI parameters showed significant differences between TDs and MLNs (all P < 0.05). However, ADC values did not demonstrate significant differences (all P > 0.05). Among the single quantitative parameters, v e had the highest diagnostic accuracy, with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.772 for distinguishing TDs from MLNs. A multivariable logistic regression model incorporating short axis, border, v e, and ADC mean improved diagnostic performance, achieving an AUC of 0.833 (P = 0.027). Conclusion The combination of morphological features, DCE-MRI parameters, and ADC values can effectively aid in the preoperative differentiation of TDs from MLNs in rectal cancer.

Objective:This paper investigates residents'awareness and preference for Traditional Chinese Medicine intelligent diagnostic device(hereinafter referred to as the device),and provides basis and suggestions for further promoting the integrated development of artificial intelligence and traditional Chinese medicine clinical diagnosis.Method:A random sampling survey was conducted,and a Discrete Choice Experiment was designed to conduct an offline survey in Beijing.Use chi square test,count analysis,and conditional Logit model for data analysis.Result:A total of 480 valid questionnaires were collected and surveyed.Most respondents have heard of it(58.96%),a few have used it(31.67%),and most would recommend the device(71.25%).Knowing and using experience will increase the probability of recommendation.Residents attach the highest importance to annual average expenses;More inclined to use devices in the community that can see family data,connect data and hospitals,monitor electrocardiogram,provide comprehensive health reports,and have low annual costs;Willing to pay an additional 572 yuan per year for the comprehensive health report device.Conclusion:There should be more collaboration with hospitals in usage scenarios and cloud data.In addition,manufacturers should enrich output information and service methods of the e.

Objective To develop dynamic prediction models based on multiple postnatal time points to support early diagnosis and individualized intervention for bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)in preterm infants with gestational age<32 weeks.Methods Clinical data of 472 preterm infants with gestational age<32 weeks admitted to the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between January 2016 and November 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.Multivariable logistic regression was applied to develop five independent prediction models at postnatal days 1,7,14,21,and 28.The performance of the models was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test.Results Baseline characteristics such as gestational age and birth weight differed significantly between the BPD group(n=147)and the non-BPD group(n=325)(P<0.05).Predictors of BPD evolved across time points:on day 1,key predictors included gestational age,birth weight,Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology II(SNAP-II),invasive mechanical ventilation,and fraction of inspired oxygen>30%;by day 7,additional variables emerged,including fasting duration>2 days,mean feeding advancement rate<8.5 mL/(kg·d),neonatal respiratory distress syndrome,apnea of prematurity,and positive sputum culture;from day 14 onward,nutrition-and treatment-related indicators were incorporated additionally.The models demonstrated good discrimination at postnatal days 1,7,14,21,and 28,with AUCs of 0.917,0.927,0.939,0.944,and 0.968,respectively,and good calibration(Hosmer-Lemeshow P>0.05).Internal validation showed AUCs ranging from 0.899 to 0.958,indicating robust performance.Conclusions Dynamic postnatal prediction models incorporating indicators spanning perinatal factors,respiratory support,nutritional management,and therapeutic interventions demonstrate high predictive performance and facilitate dynamic risk assessment for BPD in preterm infants with gestational age<32 weeks.

Objective To summarize the clinical and genetic characteristics of children with sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide(NTCP)deficiency.Methods Clinical data of children with NTCP deficiency diagnosed and treated at the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province from July 2022 to March 2025 were retrospectively analyzed.Results A total of 14 children were included(6 males,8 females),all with normal growth and development.Reasons for initial consultation included elevated serum bile acids in 7 cases,jaundice in 4 cases,cholestatic hepatitis in 1 case,and one case each of pneumonia and cow's milk protein allergy.At the first visit,all patients had elevated serum total bile acids beyond the normal range,with a mean of 152.5 μmol/L.Elevated alanine aminotransferase was observed in 1 case,elevated aspartate aminotransferase in 2 cases,and elevated total bilirubin in 10 cases.Genetic sequencing revealed that all children carried the homozygous SLC10A1 variant c.800C>T(p.Ser267Phe),classified as likely pathogenic.Conclusions NTCP deficiency often lacks obvious clinical symptoms and signs.Some children present with transient hyperbilirubinemia,cholestasis,or other liver function abnormalities.Persistent isolated elevation of serum bile acids warrants suspicion for this disease.Biallelic pathogenic variants in SLC10A1 constitute the basis for definitive diagnosis.There is no specific treatment for this disease,and management is mainly symptomatic.

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is difficult to detect in its early stages and current treatment methods are associated with significant side effects and a high risk of developing drug resistance.This study aims to investigate the effect of phycocyanin(PC)on the apoptosis of human HCC HepG2 cells and its potential mechanism.HepG2 cells were treated with PC at concentrations of 0.1,0.25,0.5,1,2.5,5,and 10 μg/mL for 12 h,and with 10 μg/mL PC and 2.5 μmol/L Wip1 inhibitor(Wip1i)alone or in combination for 12 and 24 h,respectively.Cell proliferation levels were assessed using the CCK-8 cell proliferation-toxicity assay kit.Apoptosis levels were measured by Annexin V-FITC/Propidium Iodide double staining combined with flow cytometry.TMT(Tandem Mass Tag)proteomics quantitative technol-ogy was applied to analyze differential protein expression.Western blotting was used to detect the expres-sion levels of Wip1,p53,and phosphorylated-p53(Ser15)proteins.The CCK-8 assay revealed that PC effectively inhibited HepG2 cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner,with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)of 19.37 μg/mL.Flow cytometry results showed that PC significantly in-duced apoptosis,with an apoptosis rate of 30.40％.Quantitative proteomics analysis indicated that PC induced activation of the p53 pathway.The CCK-8 assay showed that Wip1i enhanced the cytotoxic effect of PC on HepG2 cells.Western blotting confirmed that PC inhibited Wip1 expression,induced p53 pro-tein phosphorylation,and promoted the expression of total p53 protein.Additionally,Wip1i further en-hanced PC-mediated activation of the p53 pathway,increasing the expression of p53 and pP53(S15).In conclusion,PC may induce apoptosis by inhibiting the activity of the p53 negative regulator Wip1,thereby promoting apoptosis through the Wip1/p53 pathway.