Objective To analyze the application effect of narrow band imaging(NBI)combined with magnifying endoscopy(ME)in early gastric cancer(EGC)screening.Methods A total of 199 patients who found focal lesions by ordinary white light endoscopy(WLE)were selected from April 2022 to October 2023.NBI combined with ME examination was performed,and histopathological examination of the specimen obtained from the lesion area was conducted.The pathological diagnosis results were recorded,and the endoscopic image qualities of WLE and NBI combined with ME examination were observed.The consistency between WLE,NBI combined with ME and patho-logical diagnosis was analyzed.The diagnostic value of WLE and NBI combined with ME for EGC was evaluated.Results The image qualities of microvascular and glandular duct by NBI combined with ME were better than those by WLE(P<0.05).The consistency between WLE diagnosis and pathological diagnosis was comparatively strong(Kappa=0.687).The consistency between NBI combined with ME and pathological diagnosis was very strong(Kappa=0.947).The consistency between NBI combined with ME and pathological diagnosis was better than that of WLE.The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,accuracy,and area under the curve(AUC)of NBI combined with ME in diagnosing EGC were higher than those of WLE,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The AUC of NBI combined with ME for diagnosing EGC was higher than that of WLE,with statistically significant difference(Z=3.493,P=0.000).Conclusion NBI combined with ME can increase the diagnostic efficiency of EGC,along with good image quality.

Objective To organize and summarize the medication rules of GU Nai-fang in treating skin diseases through real-world data.Methods We collected traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions for GU Nai-fang's treatment of skin diseases from the outpatient medical record system of Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital to establish a database.Statistical analysis of disease types,performance,and efficacy was conducted,and association rules and systematic clustering analysis were performed using SPSS Modeler 18.0 and SPSS 26.0 software,respectively.Results A total of 5 020 patients were included,and 5 020 prescriptions were collected,involving 241 traditional Chinese medicines with a total frequency of 85 758 uses.The frequency of using heat clearing drugs,deficiency tonifying drugs,blood activating and stasis removing drugs,surface clearing drugs,and wind and dampness dispelling drugs was relatively high;most drugs tended to be cold and warm,mainly targeting the heart,lungs,and colon meridians.The top 15 Chinese medicines with the highest frequency of use were Smilacis Glabrae Rhixoma,Cortex Moutan,Radix Paeoniae Rubra,Rehmanniae Radix,Scutellariae Radix,Cynanchi Paniculati Radix et Rhizoma,Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus,Violsse Herba,Mume Fructus,Herba Pyrolae,Hedyotis Diffusae Herba,Lonicerae Japonicae Flos,Cicadae Periostracum,Bombyx Batryticatus,Radix Salviae.Association rule analysis obtained 15 high-frequency combinations of 2 traditional Chinese medicines and 3 traditional Chinese medicines.Cluster analysis resulted in 7 clustered prescriptions.Conclusion GU Nai-fang commonly used heat clearing drugs,deficiency tonifying drugs,blood activating and stasis removing drugs,surface resolving drugs,and wind and dampness dispelling drugs in the treatment of skin diseases,and Smilacis Glabrae Rhixoma,Cortex Moutan,Radix Paeoniae Rubra,Rehmanniae Radix,and Scutellariae Radix were the most frequently used drugs.

Objective To explore the causal relationship between breast cancer and free fatty acid receptor 4(FFAR4)by using two-sample Mendelian randomization.Methods By using Genome-wide Association Studies and expression quantitative trait locus(eQTL)data,single nucleotide polymorphism sites closely related to breast cancer and FFAR4 were extracted.Causal effect values were calculated by using five methods:inverse variance weighting(IVW),MR-Egger,weighted median,simple mode and weighted mode.Cochran Q tests were used to detect heterogeneity,MR-Egger intercept tests and MR-PRESSO tests were used to assess level multiplicity,and the hold-out method was employed for sensitivity analysis to ensure robustness of the results.Additionally,Bayesian co-location analysis was used to evaluate whether FFAR4 expression shares the same causal genetic variant with breast cancer in given genomic region.Results A total of 12 eQTLs closely related to FFAR4 expression levels were included in this study.The results of IVW analysis showed that increased FFAR4 expression levels increased the risk of overall breast cancer,Luminal A,Luminal B/HER2-negative,and HER2-enhanced subtypes of breast cancer.The co-location analysis showed that the posterior probability of FFAR4 expression level and total breast cancer shared causal variation was 0.889.Conclusion There may be a causal relationship between FFAR4 expression and breast cancer.

Objective To explore the causal relationship between breast cancer and free fatty acid receptor 4(FFAR4)by using two-sample Mendelian randomization.Methods By using Genome-wide Association Studies and expression quantitative trait locus(eQTL)data,single nucleotide polymorphism sites closely related to breast cancer and FFAR4 were extracted.Causal effect values were calculated by using five methods:inverse variance weighting(IVW),MR-Egger,weighted median,simple mode and weighted mode.Cochran Q tests were used to detect heterogeneity,MR-Egger intercept tests and MR-PRESSO tests were used to assess level multiplicity,and the hold-out method was employed for sensitivity analysis to ensure robustness of the results.Additionally,Bayesian co-location analysis was used to evaluate whether FFAR4 expression shares the same causal genetic variant with breast cancer in given genomic region.Results A total of 12 eQTLs closely related to FFAR4 expression levels were included in this study.The results of IVW analysis showed that increased FFAR4 expression levels increased the risk of overall breast cancer,Luminal A,Luminal B/HER2-negative,and HER2-enhanced subtypes of breast cancer.The co-location analysis showed that the posterior probability of FFAR4 expression level and total breast cancer shared causal variation was 0.889.Conclusion There may be a causal relationship between FFAR4 expression and breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the coagulation effect of a cold atmospheric plasma(CAP)jet device with helium as the working gas and to study its coagulation mechanism preliminarily.Methods A CAP jet device treatment group,a helium airflow treatment group,a hot air treatment group(60℃)and a natural coagulation group were formed according to the treatment modes of the blood samples,with 10 μL of blood samples involved in each group,in order to validate the coagulation effect of the CAP jet device in vitro;the coagulation mechanism of the CAP jet device was explored by its application to the treatment of anticoagulated whole blood,platelet-rich plasma and platelet-depleted plasma;the coagulation effect of the CAP jet device in vivo was verified with a mouse liver punctate hemorrhage model and a rabbit mesenteric hemorrhage model.Results The CAP jet device can significantly accelerate the coagulation of anticoagulated blood droplets,and the coagulation time of anticoagulated blood droplets in the CAP jet device-treated group was shortened from 28 min in the natural coagulation group to(23±1.56)s,with the difference statistically significant(P<0.05),and the CAP jet device treatment group gained advantages significantly over the helium airflow treatment group(P<0.05)and the hot air(60℃)treatment group(P<0.05)in coagulation-promoting effect;the procoagulant effect of the CAP jet device rose with the increase of platelet content in blood droplets,and the coagulation effect of platelet-rich blood droplets was significantly better than that of whole blood(P<0.05),while no coagulation was observed in platelet-poor droplets.The CAP jet device could rapidly stop hemostasis of punctate hemorrhage in mouse liver and mesenteric hemorrhage in rabbits without delayed hemorrhage occurring within 10 min,and no obvious structural abnormality of the liver and thermal damage of the tissue were found microscopically.Conclusion The CAP jet device plays procoagulant and hemostatic effects in vivo and in vitro,and its effect is not dependent on temperature and airflow evaporation effects and is considered to be related to platelet activation,with low thermal damage to living tissue.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(6):20-27]

Objective To analyze the application effect of narrow band imaging(NBI)combined with magnifying endoscopy(ME)in early gastric cancer(EGC)screening.Methods A total of 199 patients who found focal lesions by ordinary white light endoscopy(WLE)were selected from April 2022 to October 2023.NBI combined with ME examination was performed,and histopathological examination of the specimen obtained from the lesion area was conducted.The pathological diagnosis results were recorded,and the endoscopic image qualities of WLE and NBI combined with ME examination were observed.The consistency between WLE,NBI combined with ME and patho-logical diagnosis was analyzed.The diagnostic value of WLE and NBI combined with ME for EGC was evaluated.Results The image qualities of microvascular and glandular duct by NBI combined with ME were better than those by WLE(P<0.05).The consistency between WLE diagnosis and pathological diagnosis was comparatively strong(Kappa=0.687).The consistency between NBI combined with ME and pathological diagnosis was very strong(Kappa=0.947).The consistency between NBI combined with ME and pathological diagnosis was better than that of WLE.The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,accuracy,and area under the curve(AUC)of NBI combined with ME in diagnosing EGC were higher than those of WLE,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The AUC of NBI combined with ME for diagnosing EGC was higher than that of WLE,with statistically significant difference(Z=3.493,P=0.000).Conclusion NBI combined with ME can increase the diagnostic efficiency of EGC,along with good image quality.

Objective To organize and summarize the medication rules of GU Nai-fang in treating skin diseases through real-world data.Methods We collected traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions for GU Nai-fang's treatment of skin diseases from the outpatient medical record system of Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital to establish a database.Statistical analysis of disease types,performance,and efficacy was conducted,and association rules and systematic clustering analysis were performed using SPSS Modeler 18.0 and SPSS 26.0 software,respectively.Results A total of 5 020 patients were included,and 5 020 prescriptions were collected,involving 241 traditional Chinese medicines with a total frequency of 85 758 uses.The frequency of using heat clearing drugs,deficiency tonifying drugs,blood activating and stasis removing drugs,surface clearing drugs,and wind and dampness dispelling drugs was relatively high;most drugs tended to be cold and warm,mainly targeting the heart,lungs,and colon meridians.The top 15 Chinese medicines with the highest frequency of use were Smilacis Glabrae Rhixoma,Cortex Moutan,Radix Paeoniae Rubra,Rehmanniae Radix,Scutellariae Radix,Cynanchi Paniculati Radix et Rhizoma,Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus,Violsse Herba,Mume Fructus,Herba Pyrolae,Hedyotis Diffusae Herba,Lonicerae Japonicae Flos,Cicadae Periostracum,Bombyx Batryticatus,Radix Salviae.Association rule analysis obtained 15 high-frequency combinations of 2 traditional Chinese medicines and 3 traditional Chinese medicines.Cluster analysis resulted in 7 clustered prescriptions.Conclusion GU Nai-fang commonly used heat clearing drugs,deficiency tonifying drugs,blood activating and stasis removing drugs,surface resolving drugs,and wind and dampness dispelling drugs in the treatment of skin diseases,and Smilacis Glabrae Rhixoma,Cortex Moutan,Radix Paeoniae Rubra,Rehmanniae Radix,and Scutellariae Radix were the most frequently used drugs.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of knee osteoarthritis(KOA)among military personnel in plateau regions and to explore its risk factors.Methods From July 2023 to July 2024,a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was employed to survey the prevalence of KOA and related risk factors among military personnel in the northwest plateau regions of China,covering different altitudes(1500-4500 m)and geographical areas(Gansu,Qinghai,Tibet,and Xinjiang).All study subjects were divided into KOA and non-KOA groups based on the presence or absence of KOA.Variables including age,gender,body mass index(BMI),education level,smoking status,military rank,military branch,service duration,regional altitude,annual average temperature,training duration,perceived training intensity,and history of knee injury were selected for univariate analyses between groups.Variables with P<0.05 in the univariate analyses were included in the binary multifactor logistic regression to identify risk factors for KOA.Results A total of 3000 questionnaires were distributed,and 2854 valid questionnaires were collected,with a response rate of 95.13%.The sample included 2584 males and 270 females,with 510 cases of KOA,resulting in a prevalence rate of 17.9%.Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences between KOA and non-KOA groups in terms of age,BMI,smoking status,military rank,military branch,service duration,regional altitude,annual average temperature,training duration,perceived training intensity,and history of knee injury(P<0.05).However,no significant differences were found in gender and education level(P>0.05).Binary multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that older age(OR=1.382,P=0.017),higher BMI(P<0.01),smoking(OR=1.929,P<0.01),higher military rank(OR=1.485,P=0.007),being a member of the Armed Police(P<0.01),longer service duration(P<0.01),higher regional altitude(OR=1.459,P<0.01),lower annual average temperature(OR=1.188,P=0.001),longer training duration(P<0.01),higher perceived training intensity(OR=2.450,P<0.01),and history of knee injury(OR=2.768,P=0.002)were independent risk factors for KOA.Conclusions Older age,overweight/obesity,smoking,higher military rank,being a member of the Armed Police,longer service duration,higher altitude,cold climate,longer training duration,higher training intensity,and history of knee injury are independent risk factors for KOA among military personnel in the northwest plateau regions of China.

This study was aimed at identifying the pathogenic bacteria responsible for the death of a young tiger at the Fujian Meihua Mountain South China Tiger Breeding Research Institute.Tissue samples from the lungs,liver,and intestines of the deceased tiger were collected,and the bacteria were cultured inasterile environment.The bacterial strains were characterized according to their morphological and molecular biological properties,including assessment of virulence genes and antibiotic resistance genes,mouse lethality tests,and antibiotic susceptibility evaluations.A predominant bacterial strain isolated from the liver of the deceased tiger was identified as enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC)strain Tiger22513F.Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene revealed that the Tiger22513F strain exhibited close genetic similarity to the reference strain ETEC(MF919609.1),with 99.9%nucleotide similarity,and resided on the same evolutionary branch.The Tiger22513F strain contained 11 antibiotic resistance genes(tetA,sul1,sul3,cmlA,floR,blaTEM,blaSHV,blaCMY-2,qnrA,qnrS,and qnrD)along with five virulence genes(VT1,fyuA,tsh,iucD,and ST).Mouse lethality tests indicated significant pathogenicity toward mice,affecting primarily the lungs,liver,and intestines.Antibiotic susceptibility testing demonstrated that this strain exhibited resistance to various classes of beta-lactam antibiotics,as well as quinolones and aminoglycosides.This investigation successfully isolated a multi-drug resistant enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strain with pronounced pathogenicity from the liver of a deceased tiger;thus providing valuable scientific insights for clinical diagnosis,as well as prevention and control measures,against ETEC infections in South China tigers.

Objective:To construct a key item checklist for the Mini-HTA report specification,providing scientific guidance for drafting each section of Mini-HTA research reports,enhancing their standardization,scientific rigor,and completeness,thereby improving the efficiency and quality of health decision-making.Methods:Based on preliminary literature review and qualitative systematic review,a pool of problem items for the Mini-HTA report specification was formed.Delphi questionnaires were distributed,and the Delphi technique was employed through two rounds of expert consultation to optimize and select key items.Results:Through two rounds of Delphi expert consultation,the initial Mini-HTA report specification item checklist was screened,integrated,and supplemented.A finalized key item checklist was constructed,comprising 8 first-level items(Title,Abstract,Introduction,Methods,Results,Discussion,Conclusion,and Other Relevant Information)and 48 second-level items.Conclusion:The constructed key item checklist for the Mini-HTA report specification provides scientific guidance for drafting Mini-HTA research reports.It helps enhance the standardization and transparency of the assessment process and the reliability of results,thereby optimizing the efficiency and quality of health decision-making.