Objective To understand the status of body image disturbance and its influencing factors in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), so as to provide a scientific basis for the clinical management of AS. Methods A total of 353 AS patients admitted from January 2022 to December 2024 were selected as research subjects. Chinese version of Body Image Disturbance Questionnaire (BIDQ) was used to investigate the body image disturbance in AS patients. Single factor analysis was performed by t test and analysis of variance, and multiple factors were analyzed by multivariate linear regression. Results The total score of BIDQ in 342 AS patients was (25.01±4.22). Multivariate linear regression analysis results showed that self-paid medical expense, nighttime VAS score and negative emotion PANAS score could positively predict body image disturbance in AS patients (standardized regression coefficient=0.413, 0.413, 0.460, P<0.05), and PSSS score, positive emotion PANAS score and exercise management CDSSM score could negatively predict body image disturbance (standardized regression coefficient=-0.245, -0.134, -0.247, P<0.05). Conclusion The body image disturbance in AS patients is worthy of clinical attention. Nighttime pain, negative emotion and self-paid medical treatment can increase the risk of body image disturbance. Positive emotion, social support and high self-management level of exercise behavior can reduce the formation of body image disturbance, which can provide new ideas for clinical management of AS patients.

ObjectiveTo establish a mouse model of particulate matter 2.5 （PM_2.5）-induced dry eye and investigate whether Chufeng Yisuntang can ameliorate the PM_2.5-induced ocular surface damage by regulating the reactive oxygen species （ROS）/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase （p38 MAPK） signaling pathway. MethodsSixty 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were used. Ten were randomly selected as the control group. The remaining 50 mice received topical instillation of 1 drop （0.1 mL） of 5 g·L^-1 PM_2.5 suspension in both eyes， four times daily. Successfully modeled mice were randomized into four groups （n=10）： Model， p38 MAPK inhibitor， Chufeng Yisuntang， and combination （Chufeng Yisuntang at 7.3 g·kg^-1 + p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 at 5 mg·kg^-1）. Chufeng Yisuntang was administered via gavage， and the inhibitor group via intraperitoneal injection. The control and model groups received equal volumes of distilled water by gavage. All treatments lasted for 4 weeks. General conditions were dynamically observed. Tear secretion， tear film break-up time， and corneal fluorescein staining were assessed. After intervention for 4 weeks， hematoxylin and eosin （HE） staining was used to examine the histopathological changes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was adopted to measure serum levels of ROS， malondialdehyde （MDA）， superoxide dismutase （SOD） 1， and SOD2. Western blot and Real-time PCR were employed to determine the protein and gene levels， respectively， of p38 MAPK， B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）， Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax）， and cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase-3 （Caspase-3） in the corneal tissue. ResultsCompared with the control group， the model group exhibited reduced tear secretion volume and tear film breakup time， along with increased corneal fluorescein staining scores （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the Chufeng Yisuntang group， p38 MAPK inhibitor group， and combination group demonstrated increased tear secretion volume and tear film breakup time， along with decreased corneal fluorescein staining scores （P<0.01）. HE staining revealed that compared with the control group， the model group exhibited marked increases in corneal epithelial cell layers and epithelial thickness， along with reduced meibomian gland acini and intensely stained， densely packed nuclei around the acini. Compared with the model group， the Chufeng Yisuntang group， p38 MAPK inhibitor group， and combination group showed intact corneal structure， improved cell morphology， and reduced damage severity. ELISA revealed elevated ROS and MDA levels （P<0.01） and decreased SOD1 and SOD2 levels （P<0.01） in the model group compared with the control group. Compared with the model group， Chufeng Yisuntang， p38 MAPK inhibitor， and the combination lowered ROS and MDA levels （P<0.01）， while raising SOD1 and SOD2 levels （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Western blot revealed that compared with the control group， the model group exhibited increased protein levels of p38 MAPK， Bax， and Caspase-3 （P<0.01） and reduced protein level of Bcl-2 （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， Chufeng Yisuntang， p38 MAPK inhibitor， and the combination down-regulated the protein levels of p38 MAPK， Bax， and Caspase-3 （P<0.01）， while up-regulating the protein level of Bcl-2 （P<0.01）. Compared with the Chufeng Yisuntang group， the combination group exhibited decreased protein levels of p38 MAPK， Bax， and Caspase-3 （P<0.01） and increased protein level of Bcl-2 （P<0.01）. Real-time PCR revealed that compared with the control group， the model group exhibited upregulated mRNA levels of p38 MAPK， Bax， and Caspase-3 （P<0.01）， and downregulated mRNA level of Bcl-2 （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， Chufeng Yisuntang， p38 MAPK inhibitor， and the combination down-regulated the mRNA levels of p38 MAPK， Bax， and Caspase-3 （P<0.01）， while up-regulating the mRNA level of Bcl-2 （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the Chufeng Yisuntang group， the combination group exhibited decreased mRNA levels of p38 MAPK， Bax， and Caspase-3 expression （P<0.05， P<0.01） and increased mRNA level of Bcl-2 （P<0.01）. ConclusionChufeng Yisuntang may partially protect against PM_2.5-induced corneal injury by inhibiting the ROS/p38 MAPK pathway， enhancing antioxidant defense， and reducing epithelial apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the potential protective mechanism of tanshinone ⅡA against acetaminophen （APAP）-induced acute liver injury. Methods Thirty mice were randomly divided into the normal group, model group, low-dose tanshinone ⅡA group （5 mg/kg）, medium-dose tanshinone ⅡA group （10 mg/kg） and high-dose tanshinone ⅡA group （20 mg/kg）. All groups were intragastrically administered once daily for 7 consecutive days. On the 7th day, except for the normal group, mice in the remaining groups were intraperitoneally injected with 400 mg/kg APAP to establish the acute lung injury （ALI） model. The protective effect of tanshinone ⅡA was evaluated based on the liver weight ratio, the levels of aspartate aminotransferase （AST） and alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, and HE staining. Targets of tanshinone ⅡA were predicted by the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology （TCMSP）, and a shared target protein-protein interaction （PPI） network was constructed by Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins （STRING） 11.5 in combination with disease targets from GeneCards. The Gene Ontology （GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） enrichment analysis was performed by Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery （DAVID）, and the component-target-pathway network was constructed. The molecular docking between tanshinone ⅡA and the core targets was performed by AutoDock and visualised. Results Compared with the normal group, the liver weight ratio and serum aminotransferase level of mice with acute liver injury were significantly elevated （P<0.05）, and the pathological injury of liver tissue was obvious. After tanshinone ⅡA treatment, the above index were significantly reduced （P<0.05）, and the pathological injury was significantly improved. Further network pharmacological analysis was carried out and found that KEGG pathway enrichment analysis focused on IL-17 signaling pathway and tumor necrosis factor （TNF） signaling pathway, etc. In addition, the PPI core network showed that the key targets of tanshinone ⅡA to ameliorate acute liver injury mainly included TP53, AKT1, SRC, TNF and JUN. The molecular docking results showed that tanshinone ⅡA had high binding scores with the targets of MMP9, NFKB1, TNF, EP300 and SMAD3; and was able to bind to the targets of TP53, AKT1, SRC and JUN. Conclusion Tanshinone ⅡA may play a protective role against acute liver injury by regulating genes such as AKT1, JUN and TNF, and participating in signaling pathways such as TNF and IL-17.

Objective: To explore the association between executive function and emotional and behavioral problems in first-grade elementary school students, so as to provide a reference for promoting children s mental health. Methods: From March to May 2024, 423 first-grade elementary school students from 6 primary schools aged 6-7 were selected by using stratified cluster random sampling in Shanxi, Shanghai, Shandong, Guangxi, Xinjiang, and Jiangxi. Data were collected by using the Executive Function Assessment Scale and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. An independent samples t-test was used to analyze differences in executive function of different genders and differences in emotional and behavioral problems among first-grade school students with varying executive function levels; a linear regression model was employed to analyze the association between children s executive function and emotional and behavioral problems. Results: A total of 42 first-grade elementary school students (9.9%) were identified as having executive function deficits. Students in the executive function deficit group scored higher on internalizing behavior (7.50±0.52), externalizing behavior (11.26±0.52), and total difficulties (18.52± 0.93 ) were significantly higher than those of children without deficits (4.37±0.14, 6.69±0.17, 10.64±0.27) ( t =5.79, 8.50, 9.23, all P <0.05). Results of linear regression analysis showed that, after controlling for relevant covariates such as gender, age, family economic status, being an only child, and body mass index, the factor scores, dimensional scores, and total scores of executive function were all positively correlated with scores for externalizing problems, internalizing problems, and total difficulties ( β =0.07-0.32, all P <0.05). Conclusions Children s executive function is closely associated with emotional and behavioral problems, and those with poorer executive function exhibit more pronounced emotional and behavioral problems. Improving children s executive function may help promote their mental health.

Objective: To examine the effects of combined aerobic and resistance exercise on health related physical fitness (HPF) and depressive symptoms among senior high school freshmen, and to examine whether HPF mediates the relationship between exercise intervention and depressive symptoms, so as to provide a scientific basis for the coordinated promotion of mental health and physical fitness in schools. Methods: In March 2022, 190 senior high school freshmen from a secondary school of Suzhou in Anhui Province were selected by the random cluster sampling method and randomly assigned to an intervention group ( n = 99) and a control group ( n =91). The control group maintained routine activities, while the intervention group underwent a 10 week combined aerobic and resistance exercise program, three sessions per week, 40 minutes per session. Height, weight, standing long jump, sit ups, 20 m shuttle run, and sit and reach were measured before and after the intervention. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), Mann-Whitney U test, and Wilcoxon test were employed to compare outcomes before and after the intervention, and mediation analysis was conducted. Results: After controlling for pre test scores, ANCOVA results showed that compared with the control group, the intervention group demonstrated the following post intervention changes: a lower body mass index of 0.1 kg/m 2 among girls; higher standing long jump (13.2 cm for boys, 7.4 cm for girls), higher sit ups (5.5 reps for boys, 3.7 reps for girls), higher 20 m shuttle run (7.4 times for boys, 5.1 times for girls), and higher sit and reach (3.2 cm for boys, 0.4 cm for girls) ( F =17.88-84.44); and lower CES-D scores (5.5 for boys, 4.0 for girls) ( Z =-2.51, -2.06) (all P <0.05). The indirect effect of HPF in the relationship between combined aerobic and resistance exercise and depressive symptoms was -2.11, supporting a partial mediation effect ( P < 0.01 ). Conclusions Combined aerobic and resistance exercise improves HPF and alleviates depressive symptoms to varying degrees among senior high school freshmen. HPF served as a partial mediator through which exercise intervention reduces depressive symptoms.

Electromagnetic fields can regulate the fundamental biological processes involved in bone remodeling. As a non-invasive physical therapy, electromagnetic fields with specific parameters have demonstrated therapeutic effects on bone remodeling diseases, such as fractures and osteoporosis. Electromagnetic fields can be generated by the movement of charged particles or induced by varying currents. Based on whether the strength and direction of the electric field change over time, electromagnetic fields can be classified into static and time-varying fields. The treatment of bone remodeling diseases with static magnetic fields primarily focuses on fractures, often using magnetic splints to immobilize the fracture site while studying the effects of static magnetic fields on bone healing. However, there has been relatively little research on the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis using static magnetic fields. Pulsed electromagnetic fields, a type of time-varying field, have been widely used in clinical studies for treating fractures, osteoporosis, and non-union. However, current clinical applications are limited to low-frequency, and research on the relationship between frequency and biological effects remains insufficient. We believe that different types of electromagnetic fields acting on bone can induce various “secondary physical quantities”, such as magnetism, force, electricity, acoustics, and thermal energy, which can stimulate bone cells either individually or simultaneously. Bone cells possess specific electromagnetic properties, and in a static magnetic field, the presence of a magnetic field gradient can exert a certain magnetism on the bone tissue, leading to observable effects. In a time-varying magnetic field, the charged particles within the bone experience varying Lorentz forces, causing vibrations and generating acoustic effects. Additionally, as the frequency of the time-varying field increases, induced currents or potentials can be generated within the bone, leading to electrical effects. When the frequency and power exceed a certain threshold, electromagnetic energy can be converted into thermal energy, producing thermal effects. In summary, external electromagnetic fields with different characteristics can generate multiple physical quantities within biological tissues, such as magnetic, electric, mechanical, acoustic, and thermal effects. These physical quantities may also interact and couple with each other, stimulating the biological tissues in a combined or composite manner, thereby producing biological effects. This understanding is key to elucidating the electromagnetic mechanisms of how electromagnetic fields influence biological tissues. In the study of electromagnetic fields for bone remodeling diseases, attention should be paid to the biological effects of bone remodeling under different electromagnetic wave characteristics. This includes exploring innovative electromagnetic source technologies applicable to bone remodeling, identifying safe and effective electromagnetic field parameters, and combining basic research with technological invention to develop scientifically grounded, advanced key technologies for innovative electromagnetic treatment devices targeting bone remodeling diseases. In conclusion, electromagnetic fields and multiple physical factors have the potential to prevent and treat bone remodeling diseases, and have significant application prospects.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective To investigate the clinical prognosis of untreated residual coronary artery dissection treated with drug coated balloon(DCB).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical and imaging data of patients with primary coronary artery lesions(2.5-4.0 mm)treated with DCB under angiography guidance at Xuzhou Cancer Hospital,Xuzhou New Health Geriatric Hospital,and Peixian Guotai Hospital from September 2017 to April 2023.According to the observation of coronary artery dissection through angiography,the patients were divided into a dissection group and a non dissection group.The main endpoint of this study was the major adverse cardiovascular event(MACE)during a 12-month follow-up.Results A total of 381 patients were enrolled in the three research centers,with 30 cases(30 lesions)in the dissection group and 351 cases(367 lesions)in the non dissection group.There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age,gender,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,diabetes,smoking,previous myocardial infarction,previous percutaneous coronary intervention,coronary artery bypass grafting and other baseline clinical characteristics(all P＞0.05).Except for the reference vessel diameter(P=0.049)and DCB pressure(P=0.032),there was no statistically significant difference in the characteristics of coronary angiography lesions between the two groups of patients(both P＞0.05).During a 12-month follow-up,there was no statistically significant difference(P＞0.05)in the incidence of MACE between the dissection group and the non dissection group after DCB treatment for primary coronary artery lesions in situ.Conclusions Untreated residual dissection after DCB treatment of de novo coronary lesions does not lead to an increase in clinical MACE.

Objective To carry out emergency medical system modification design for EC135 P3H helicopter without compromising the original airframe structure so as to enhance aeromedical rescue capabilities.Methods Firstly,the original cabin seats were removed and medical floor was installed in the cabin;secondly,the medical chair,medical stretcher trolley and its fixing components,storage boxes and oxygen cylinders were mounted onto the floor;finally,a medical equipment fixing frame was formed based on the original helicopter sill structure so as to accommodate medical devices such as defibrillators,ventilators and injection pumps.The modification design scheme had its effectiveness verified with overall aircraft load balance analysis,mechanical analysis,dynamic impact tests of seats and actual modification and flight tests.Results EC135 P3H helicopter proved to meet all the airworthiness certification requirements after emergency medical system modification.Conclusion The proposed modification scheme enables EC135 P3H helicopter to rapidly transition between standard and medical configurations,enhancing its emergency medical rescue capabilities and providing references for medical modifications of helicopters with similar configurations.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.