ObjectiveTo explore the effects of different embolic materials for preoperative transarterial embolization （TAE） on surgical resections of sizeable （＞3 cm） Shamblin Ⅱ/Ⅲ carotid body tumors （CBTs） MethodsThis study retrospectively analyzed the data of patients with Shamblin type Ⅱ/Ⅲ carotid body tumors >3 cm in size who underwent TAE at our hospital between January 2010 and August 2025. Based on the adopted embolic agents， the patients were divided into two groups： temporary embolization group （TEG） and permanent embolization group （PEG）. General clinical data， periprocedural details， and postoperative outcomes were collected and compared between the two groups. ResultsA total of 50 patients with 50 lesions were included （n=25 in the TEG and n=25 in PEG group）. Tumor sizes were comparable between the two groups ［（41.22 vs. 42.13） mm， P=0.989］. For the TEG compared with PEG， intraoperative blood loss was （388.19 vs. 155.90） mL （P＜0.001） and operative time was （254.01 vs. 162.22） mins （P=0.007）. The intraoperative vascular reconstruction rate was 16% vs. 12% （P=0.684）， and the complication rate was 36% vs. 12% （P=0.047） in the TEG and PEG. ConclusionsOur results indicate that the use of permanent embolic agents during TAE is optimal. These agents are superior to temporary embolic agents in terms of intraoperative blood loss， operative time， and improved surgical field visualization， which thereby facilitate the surgical resection of Shamblin type Ⅱ/Ⅲ CBTs while reducing postoperative complications.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of different embolic materials for preoperative transarterial embolization （TAE） on surgical resections of sizeable （＞3 cm） Shamblin Ⅱ/Ⅲ carotid body tumors （CBTs） MethodsThis study retrospectively analyzed the data of patients with Shamblin type Ⅱ/Ⅲ carotid body tumors >3 cm in size who underwent TAE at our hospital between January 2010 and August 2025. Based on the adopted embolic agents， the patients were divided into two groups： temporary embolization group （TEG） and permanent embolization group （PEG）. General clinical data， periprocedural details， and postoperative outcomes were collected and compared between the two groups. ResultsA total of 50 patients with 50 lesions were included （n=25 in the TEG and n=25 in PEG group）. Tumor sizes were comparable between the two groups ［（41.22 vs. 42.13） mm， P=0.989］. For the TEG compared with PEG， intraoperative blood loss was （388.19 vs. 155.90） mL （P＜0.001） and operative time was （254.01 vs. 162.22） mins （P=0.007）. The intraoperative vascular reconstruction rate was 16% vs. 12% （P=0.684）， and the complication rate was 36% vs. 12% （P=0.047） in the TEG and PEG. ConclusionsOur results indicate that the use of permanent embolic agents during TAE is optimal. These agents are superior to temporary embolic agents in terms of intraoperative blood loss， operative time， and improved surgical field visualization， which thereby facilitate the surgical resection of Shamblin type Ⅱ/Ⅲ CBTs while reducing postoperative complications.

Acute respiratory infections are the most common infectious diseases in children.Among them, respiratory viruses are the main pathogens that cause many respiratory diseases, system damages or even death.As the first line of defense against pathogens like respiratory viruses, the innate immune system recognizes the structural components of viruses and endogenous danger signals with the pattern recognition receptors on immune cells and epithelial cells.During this process, inflammasomes are assembled and activated, and they participate in the recognition of viruses, inflammatory and immune response against viruses.The present study aims to describe the composition and function of inflammasomes, as well as the activation and negative regulation mechanisms of inflammasomes during common respiratory infections.

Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy of kidney transplantation(KT)from senile living-related donors aged over 70 years.Methods:Between 2017 and 2019, perioperative and follow-up data from 18 pairs of donors and recipients were retrospectively reviewed.Results:Operations of all 18 pairs of recipients and donors were conducted successfully without serious perioperative complications.No delayed graft function occurred.There was 1 episode(5.6%)of acute rejection.The mean level of serum creatinine(SCr)at Day 3 post-KT and at discharge was(155.7±63.5)and(97.6±28.7)μmol/L.The median follow-up period was 37.5 months.All 18 donors survived with normal renal function.And no proteinuria or kidney donation related hospitalization events occurred.SCr was(84.4±15.0)μmol/L at the last follow-up and there was no statistical significance as compared with SCr level at discharge( P=0.610). No recipient mortality or graft loss occurred.Levels of SCr were(92.1±18.3), (95.5±21.9)and(100.1±21.2)μmol/L at Month 12/24 and the last follow-up.No statistical difference existed in posttransplant SCr level at these follow-up timepoints( P=0.507). Posttransplant proteinuria occurred in 3 recipients(16.7%). In 8 donors, donated kidney glomerular filtration rate(GFR)was lower than 40 ml/(min·1.73m 2). No statistical difference existed in posttransplant SCr level between this group and higher GFR group( P>0.05). Conclusions:After thorough preoperative assessments, satisfactory short-term outcomes may be achieved for KT from living-related donors aged over 70 years.The long-term outcome should be further explored.

Objective:To summarize the patient profiles and therapeutic efficacies of ABO-incompatible living-related kidney transplantations at 19 domestic transplant centers and provide rationales for clinical application of ABOi-KT.Methods:Clinical cases of ABO-incompatible/compatible kidney transplantation (ABOi-KT/ABOc-KT) from December 2006 to December 2009 were collected. Then, statistical analyses were conducted from the aspects of tissue matching, perioperative managements, complications and survival rates of renal allograft or recipients.Results:Clinical data of 342 ABOi-KT and 779 ABOc-KT indicated that (1) no inter-group differences existed in age, body mass index (BMI), donor-recipient relationship or waiting time of pre-operative dialysis; (2) ABO blood type: blood type O recipients had the longest waiting list and transplantations from blood type A to blood type O accounted for the largest proportion; (3) HLA matching: no statistical significance existed in mismatch rate or positive rate of PRA I/II between two types of surgery; (4) CD20 should be properly used on the basis of different phrases; (5) hemorrhage was a common complication during an early postoperative period and microthrombosis appeared later; (6) no difference existed in postoperative incidence of complications or survival rate of renal allograft and recipients at 1/3/5/10 years between ABOi-KT and ABOc-KT. The acute rejection rate and serum creatinine levels of ABOi-KT recipients were comparable to those of ABOc-KT recipients within 1 year.Conclusions:ABOi-KT is both safe and effective so that it may be applied at all transplant centers as needed.