INTRODUCTION: Glycemic control in the Philippines has increased from 15% in 2008 to 47.4% in 2020. This study aims to identify the determinants of glycemic control in the Philippines. METHODOLOGY: This study included patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Current glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, medication compliance and adherence, and the clinico-socio-demographic profile of diabetics in the Philippines were recorded. RESULTS: There was no significant association between glycemic control and clinico-socio-demographic characteristics or medication compliance. However, the absence of complications showed a statistically significant positive association (odds ratio [OR], 1.65; p=0.02). While intensification of management provided a statistically significant reduction in HbA1c levels, no statistically significant association was observed. There was a statistically significant positive association with a diabetes duration of < 7 years (OR, 2.692; p < 0.0001). Observing a significant positive association would take 9 months of treatment (OR, 1.978; p=0.02). DISCUSSION Diabetes duration of < 7 years and absence of complications had a statistically significant impact on improving glycemic control. Although intensifying management led to a notable reduction in HbA1c levels, no statistically significant correlation was observed. The duration of management exhibited a curvilinear relationship with glycemic control, showing optimal glycemic control beginning at 9 months of duration, peaking at 1 year, and declining at 4 years of management.
Human ; Blood glucose ; Philippines

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety, effectiveness and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) parameters of A1chieve study participants in the Philippine cohort, who were treated with BIAsp 30.
METHODOLOGY: A1chieve is a non-interventional, six-month, observational study of 66,726 people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), including both insulin users and non-insulin users, started on insulin detemir, insulin aspart, or BIAsp 30 in 28 countries across four continents. The present study evaluates the safety, effectiveness and HRQoL in 1,252 subjects from the Philippine cohort of the A1chieve study who were treated with BIAsp 30.
RESULTS: At baseline, the mean age, duration of diabetes and mean BMI were found to be 55.5±11.7 years, 7.2 ± 5.6 years and 25.4 ± 5.3 kg/m2, respectively. Seventy-eight percent (78%) of subjects were insulin naïve and 22% were prior insulin users. At baseline, glycemic control was poor (HbA1c = 9.9%) in the entire cohort. Overall there was a 2.7% reduction in mean HbA1c and 44.2% subjects achieved the HbA1c target of <7.0%, after 24 weeks of therapy with BIAsp 30. There were significant reductions in total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and systolic blood pressure after 24 weeks of therapy with BIAsp 30. There was no increase in the incidence of hypoglycemia among insulin-naïve subjects, while there was a marked reduction in hypoglycemia (4.93 to 2.53 events/person-year) among prior insulin users at 24 weeks.
CONCLUSION: BIAsp 30 is safe and efficacious for initiating and intensifying insulin therapy for Filipino T2DM patients.

Human ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Insulin Aspart ; Insulin ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated ; Cholesterol, Ldl ; Triglycerides ; Insulin, Isophane

INTRODUCTION: DiabCare 2008 study was conducted to understand the current status of diabetes care in the Philippines. It is the continuation of the similar studies conducted in 1998 and 2003. It is expected to shed some light on the changes in status of diabetes care over the past decade in the Philippines.

METHODOLOGY: A total of 770 diabetic patients were recruited from general hospitals, diabetes clinics and referral clinics, out of which 724 were type 2 diabetic patients. The following information were collected during direct patient interview and review of medical records: demographic data (date of birth/age, sex, educational status, marital status, ethnicity, etc), medical history (duration of diabetes and concomitant diseases), risk factors, clinical examination reports, self-monitoring data, diabetes education, complications, eye and foot examinations, diabetes management and HbA1C measurement. Quality of life, adjustment to illness, and compliance to medications and health maintaining behaviors were also evaluated using structured questionnaires.

RESULTS: The mean HbA1c was 8.03 plus or minus 1.96 % and only 15.0% of the patients achieved ADA target of
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