Lipid turbidity disease is a metabolic disease featuring lipid metabolism disorders caused by many factors such as social environment， diet， and lifestyle， which is closely related to many diseases in modern medicine， such as hyperlipidemia， obesity， fatty liver， atherosclerosis， metabolic syndrome， and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases， with a wide range of influence and far-reaching harm. According to the Huangdi Neijing， lipid turbidity disease reflects the pathological change of the body's physiologic grease. Grease is the thick part of body fluids， which has the function of nourishing， and it is the initial state and source of important substances in the human body such as brain， marrow， essence， and blood. Once the grease of the human body is abnormal， it can lead to lipid turbidity disease. The Huangdi Neijing also points out the physiological relationship between the transportation and transformation of body fluids and the rise and fall of the spleen and stomach， which can deduce the pathological relationship between the occurrence of lipid turbidity disease and the abnormal rise and fall of the spleen and stomach functions. Lipid turbidity disease is caused by overconsumption of fatty and sweet foods or insufficient spleen and stomach endowments， leading to disorders of the function of promoting clear and reducing turbidity in the spleen and stomach. This leads to the transformation of thick grease in body fluids into lipid turbidity， which accumulates in the body's meridians， blood vessels， skin pores， and organs， forming various forms of metabolic diseases. The research team believed that the pathological basis of lipid turbidity disease was the abnormal rise and fall of the spleen and stomach and the obstruction of the transfer of grease. According to the different locations where lipid turbidity stays， it was divided into four common pathogenesis types： ''inability to distinguish between the clear and turbid， turbid stagnation in the Ying blood''， ''spleen not rising clear， turbid accumulation in the vessels''， ''spleen dysfunction， lipid retention in the pores''， ''spleen failure to transportation and transformation， and grease accumulation in the liver''. According to the pathogenesis， it could be divided into four common syndromes， namely， turbid stagnation in the Ying blood， turbid accumulation in the vessels， lipid retention in the pores， and grease accumulation in the liver， and the corresponding prescriptions were given for syndrome differentiation and treatment， so as to guide clinical differentiation and treatment of the lipid turbidity disease.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Zhuyuwan in the treatment of hyperlipidemia. MethodsIn this study， hyperlipidemia patients treated in the Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） from September 2022 to December 2023 were randomly assigned into a control group and an observation group. Finally， 162 valid cases were included， encompassing 74 cases in the control group and 88 cases in the observation group. The control group was treated with atorvastatin calcium tablets， and the observation group with atorvastatin calcium tablets + Zhuyuwan extract granules. Both groups were treated for 8 weeks. The efficacy in terms of blood lipid level recovery， blood lipid levels， TCM syndrome distribution， efficacy in terms of TCM syndrome， and TCM symptom scores were compared between the two groups as well as between before and after treatment. Liver and kidney functions were monitored for safety assessment. ResultsIn terms of blood lipid level recovery， the total response rate in the observation group was 86.36% （76/88） and that in the control group was 86.49% （64/74）， with no statistically significant difference between the two groups. After treatment， both groups showed declines in levels of triglyceride （TG）， total cholesterol （TC）， and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） （P<0.05） and elevations in the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） （P<0.05）. Moreover， the observation group outperformed the control group in recovering the levels of TG， LDL-C， and HDL-C （P<0.05， P<0.01）. In terms of TCM syndrome， hyperlipidemia was mostly caused by phlegm turbidity and obstruction. The total response rate in terms of TCM syndrome in the observation group was 87.30% （55/63）， which was higher than that （63.46%， 33/52） in the control group （χ²=9.102， P<0.01）. After treatment， the scores of total TCM symptoms， primary symptoms， and secondary symptoms decreased in both groups （P<0.05）， and the observation group had lower scores than the control group （P<0.01）. The observation group was superior to the control group in alleviating obesity， chest tightness， and low food intake （P<0.05）. In terms of safety， the level of aminotransferase was slightly elevated in the control group， and no obvious adverse reaction was observed in the observation group， with no statistical significance in the incidence of adverse reactions. ConclusionZhuyuwan combined with atorvastatin can not only recover blood lipid levels and alleviate TCM symptoms but also reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Zhuyuwan in the treatment of hyperlipidemia. MethodsIn this study， hyperlipidemia patients treated in the Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） from September 2022 to December 2023 were randomly assigned into a control group and an observation group. Finally， 162 valid cases were included， encompassing 74 cases in the control group and 88 cases in the observation group. The control group was treated with atorvastatin calcium tablets， and the observation group with atorvastatin calcium tablets + Zhuyuwan extract granules. Both groups were treated for 8 weeks. The efficacy in terms of blood lipid level recovery， blood lipid levels， TCM syndrome distribution， efficacy in terms of TCM syndrome， and TCM symptom scores were compared between the two groups as well as between before and after treatment. Liver and kidney functions were monitored for safety assessment. ResultsIn terms of blood lipid level recovery， the total response rate in the observation group was 86.36% （76/88） and that in the control group was 86.49% （64/74）， with no statistically significant difference between the two groups. After treatment， both groups showed declines in levels of triglyceride （TG）， total cholesterol （TC）， and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） （P<0.05） and elevations in the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） （P<0.05）. Moreover， the observation group outperformed the control group in recovering the levels of TG， LDL-C， and HDL-C （P<0.05， P<0.01）. In terms of TCM syndrome， hyperlipidemia was mostly caused by phlegm turbidity and obstruction. The total response rate in terms of TCM syndrome in the observation group was 87.30% （55/63）， which was higher than that （63.46%， 33/52） in the control group （χ²=9.102， P<0.01）. After treatment， the scores of total TCM symptoms， primary symptoms， and secondary symptoms decreased in both groups （P<0.05）， and the observation group had lower scores than the control group （P<0.01）. The observation group was superior to the control group in alleviating obesity， chest tightness， and low food intake （P<0.05）. In terms of safety， the level of aminotransferase was slightly elevated in the control group， and no obvious adverse reaction was observed in the observation group， with no statistical significance in the incidence of adverse reactions. ConclusionZhuyuwan combined with atorvastatin can not only recover blood lipid levels and alleviate TCM symptoms but also reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions.

Objective To explore the research status and emerging focus of virtual reality(VR)technology in the field of stroke.Methods The global literature of VR technology in the field of stroke from Jan.2014 to Aug.2024 was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection.Bibliometric software was used to draw a visual knowledge map of authors,institutions,key words,etc.Results After excluding proofreading notices,editorial materials,conference papers,etc.,a total of 785 articles were included.Over the past decade,the number of new publications has shown an upward trend.China was the country with the largest total number of publications(130 articles).Lamontagne Anouk(10 articles)and Calabro Rocco Salvatore(10 articles)were tied for the authors with the highest number of publications.The institution and journal with the most literature in this field were McGill University(Canada,27 articles)and Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation(60 articles),respectively.The key word analysis and the results of the strongest burst key words indicated that the research focused on upper limb,gait training,motor function,cognitive rehabilitation,post-stroke unilateral spatial neglect,stimulation,motor imagery,cortical reorganization,etc.Conclusion Over the past decade,the application of VR technology has gradually increased in both breadth and depth in the field of stroke,bringing new opportunities and thoughts to stroke rehabilitation.The new forms of VR technology combined with neuromodulation,neuroimaging,brain-computer interfaces,artificial intelligence,and telemedicine may be the future research topics and directions.

Both cold stress and ischemia-reperfusion injury significantly contribute to poor prognosis after liver transplantation(LT).However,limited animal models incorporating both stimuli hinder the advance-ment of transplant-related research.Here,a simplified and reproducible isolated perfused liver model is established to simulate the stresses experienced by livers maximally during transplantation.We provide a detailed protocol for a straightforward technique that requires 20-30 min for harvesting,24-48 h for static cold storage(SCS),and 2 h for normothermic machine perfusion(NMP)to induce LT-like stresses in the liver.Hepatic injury from SCS and NMP(LT-like stresses)is evaluated using three types of parameters.The pH values and hepatic enzyme levels of cold preservation solutions and perfusate serve as dynamic indicators of hepatic injury.Bile production and portal venous resistance directly reflect liver function,whereas pathological analysis visually illustrates the location and extent of injury.This animal model eliminates the influence of hemodynamic and immune factors,yielding highly reproducible results,and is strongly recommended as a standardized animal model for inducing LT-like stresses.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of colchicine on mouse liver cancer via Hippo sig-naling pathway.Methods The 6-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 3 groups:diethylni-trosamine(DEN)/carbon tetrachloride(CCl4)/ethanol(C2H5OH)induced mouse liver cancer model and col-chicine(0.1 mg/kg)intervention were established in control group,model group and colchicine group.From week 1st to week 2nd,the model group and the colchicine group were intraperitoneally injected with 1.0％DEN once a week.From week 3rd to week 7th,20％CCl4 dissolved in olive oil solution(5 ml/kg)was intragastric ad-ministration twice a week.From week 8th to week 18th,20％CC14 dissolved in olive oil solution(6 ml/kg)was intragastric twice a week.The colchicine group was given continuous intragastric administration for 20 weeks.The control group was given the corresponding solvent.Liver index,alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate ami-notransferase(AST)serum biochemical indexes were detected.Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expression levels of MST1,pYAP,YAP,pTAZ and TAZ proteins in liver tissues of mice in each group.Results The liver surface of mice in the control group was smooth and soft,while the liver of mice in the model group was rough and hard with granular nodules.The above lesions were significantly improved in the colchicine group.HE staining showed that the liver lobular structure of mice in the control group was normal,while the liver lobular structure of mice in the model group was disordered,with a small amount of fat droplets,extensive tissue necrosis,inflammatory cell infiltration,and fat vacuoles.The degree of liver lesions of mice after colchicine inter-vention was significantly reduced.The results of immunofluorescence and Western blot showed that compared with the control group,the protein expression levels of pYAP and pTAZ in liver tissue of model group mice were signifi-cantly decreased,while the protein expression levels of MST1,YAP and TAZ increased.After colchicine interven-tion,the protein expression levels of MST1,pYAP and pTAZ were significantly up-regulated,while the protein ex-pression levels of YAP and TAZ were down-regulated.Conclusion The therapeutic effect of colchicine on mouse liver cancer may be related to its activated Hippo signaling pathway.

Under the “patient-centered” drug regulation concept， the inclusion of patient dimensions in real-world evidence becomes increasingly important. Patient experience data can complement and interpret existing data， generate evidence directly from patients， and achieve patient participation in drug development. Data types include patient-reported outcomes and free-text data， which can be collected autonomously or obtained from databases. Application scenarios involve new drug registration， safety evaluation， and additional indications. In China， applying patient experience data to real-world study mainly faces the following challenges： lack of conditions， standards， and motivation to collect high-quality data， a single type of data， and the difficulty of balancing data security with freedom， etc. It is recommended to issue special guidelines， establish a measurement tool certification process， expand data collection channels， explore data source integration methods， optimize the informed consent mechanism， and establish an evidence synergy mechanism to promote the practical application of the “patient-centered” concept in real-world study of drugs.

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of lung ultrasound in hospitalized children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).Methods:In the cross-sectional study, a total of 422 children with CAP who were hospitalized in the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children′s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, from February 2021 to August 2022 and completed lung ultrasound examination within 48 hours after admission were enrolled. The clinical characteristics, lung ultrasound and chest CT were collected. The patients were divided into two groups according to the signs of pneumonia indicated by chest CT, and the signs of lung ultrasound with diagnostic value were screened according to the signs of pneumonia indicated by chest CT by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression. According to severity of the disease, the children were divided into the severe group and the mild group, and the differences of lung ultrasound signs between the two groups were compared. Kruskal-Wallis test, Fisher′s exact test was selected for comparison between groups. Random forest classifier wes used to evaluate the value of lung ultrasound in the diagnosis of CAP and prediction of severe pneumonia in children. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the prediction effect. Use DeLong test to compare the area under the curve.Results:Among the 422 cases of CAP, there were 258 males and 164 females, and the age of onset was 2.8 (1.3, 4.3) years. The confluent B-line, consolidation and pleural effusion detected by lung ultrasound were 309 cases (73.2%), 232 cases (55.0%) and 16 cases (3.8%), respectively, and the size of consolidation was 3.0 (0, 11.0) mm. One hundred and ten children (26.1%) with CAP completed chest CT. There were 90 cases with signs of pneumonia in chest CT and 20 cases without signs of pneumonia. Lasso was used for feature selection.Lung consolidation ( OR=2.46), bilateral lung consolidation ( OR=1.16) and confluent B-line ( OR=1.34) were the main index. With random forest classifier, the accuracy of models using full variables and Lasso-selected variables were 0.79 (95% CI 0.70-0.86) and 0.79 (95% CI 0.70-0.86), the sensitivity were 0.81 and 0.81, and the specificity were 0.75 and 0.70, and the area under curve were 0.87 (95% CI 0.81-0.94, P<0.001) and 0.84 (95% CI 0.76-0.91, P<0.001), respectively. There were 97 cases in severe group and 325 cases in mild group. Compared with the mild group, the detection rate of consolidation, multiple consolidation, the size of consolidation and the size of consolidation was adjusted by body surface area (consolidation size/body surface area) in severe group were higher (66 cases (68.0%) vs. 166 cases (51.1%), 42 cases (43.3%) vs. 93 cases (28.6%), 8.0 (0, 17.0) vs. 1.0 (0, 9.0) mm, 12.5 (0, 24.6) vs. 2.1 (0, 17.6), χ2=8.59, 9.98, Z=14.40, 12.79, all P<0.05). Using lung ultrasound lung consolidation size and consolidation size/body surface area to predict the severe CAP, the optimal cut-off value were 6.7 mm and 10.2, the accuracy was 0.80 (95% CI 0.75-0.83) and 0.89 (95% CI 0.86-0.92), the sensitivity was 0.99 and 0.99, the specificity was 0.14 and 0.56, respectively, and the area under the curve was 0.66 (95% CI 0.60-0.72, P<0.001) and 0.76 (95% CI 0.70-0.83, P<0.001), respectively. The area under the curve of consolidation size/body surface area was higher than that of consolidation size ( Z=5.50, P<0.001). Conclusions:Consolidation and confluent B-line, are important index for lung ultrasound diagnosis of CAP in children. The actual consolidation size adjusted by body surface area is superior to the size of consolidation in predicting severe CAP.

Objectives:To investigate the effect of cardiac rehabilitation exercise guided by cardiopulmonary exercise test on cardiopulmonary function, cardiopulmonary endurance and activities of daily living in patients who had coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods:Seventy patients who had coronary heart disease after PCI treated in the Wenzhou Central Hospital from July 2022 to May 2023 were enrolled perspectively (3 cases eventually dropped out of the study), and they were divided into the control group (33 cases) and the rehabilitation group (34 cases) by random number table method. The control group was given conventional medication after PCI, while the rehabilitation group was additionally provided with exercise rehabilitation for 12 weeks on the basis of the control group. The patient′s cardiopulmonary function indicators, cardiopulmonary endurance indicators and ability of daily living(ADL) score of the two groups were compared before and after treatment.Results:After treatment for 12 weeks, the cardiopulmonary function indicators left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), left atrial inner diameter (LAD), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV 1), ratio of FEV 1 to forced expiratory volume (FVC) (FEV 1/FVC), maximum ventilation quantity (MVV) in the rehabilitation group were obviously improved compared with the control group: (102.8 ± 14.4) ml vs. (114.8 ± 20.4) ml, (39.9 ± 13.7) ml vs. (48.4 ± 16.9) ml, (37.1 ± 3.4) mm vs. (38.9 ± 3.6) mm, (50.3 ± 3.6) mm vs. (52.5 ± 4.7) mm, (64.0 ± 6.8)% vs. (59.6 ± 6.5)%, (2.39 ± 0.38) L vs. (2.10 ± 0.26) L, (77.7 ± 4.0)% vs. (73.8 ± 4.3)%, (101.6 ± 18.7) L/min vs. (89.6 ± 11.1) L/min, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). After treatment for 12 weeks, the cardiopulmonary endurance indicators peak oxygen uptake (VO 2peak), peak oxygen uptake per kilogram of body weight (VO 2peak/kg), anaerobic threshold (AT), peak metabolic equivalent (METspeak), maximum working load (MWL) in the rehabilitation group were obviously improved compared with the control group: (1 441.8 ± 251.9) ml/min vs. (1 272.5 ± 207.0) ml/min, (20.7 ± 3.6) ml/(min·kg) vs. (18.2 ± 2.5) ml/(min·kg), (1 346.8 ± 201.3) ml/min vs. (1 075.4 ± 176.7) ml/min, (5.9 ± 1.1) Met vs. (5.2 ± 0.7) Met, (107.3 ± 29.1) Watt vs. (88.4 ± 17.8)Watt, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). After treatment for 12 weeks, the ADL scores in the rehabilitation group was higher than that in the control group: (90.9 ± 8.1) scores vs. (85.6 ± 11.6) scores, there was statistical difference ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Carrying out cardiac rehabilitation exercise guided by cardiopulmonary exercise test can significantly enhance the cardiopulmonary function, cardiopulmonary endurance and self-care ability in patients who had accepted PCI for coronary heart disease.

Objective To systematically explore the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)common symptoms,syndrome elements,clinical syndrome differentiation,and medication rules of coronary microvascular disease(CMVD),and to provide a reference for quantitative criteria of clinical differentiation of CMVD,specification of the diagnosis and efficacy evaluation of TCM clinical syndrome,and guidance of clinical medication.Methods The databases including CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,and SinoMed were searched for research papers on the treatment of CMVD by TCM published from database inception to May 16,2023.Relevant information of the included literature was extracted and the database was established.Then,the frequency statistics of symptoms,syndrome elements,syndrome types and Chinese medicinals were carried out.Latent structural models were constructed using Latern 5.0 and Rstudio softwares respectively for comprehensive clustering and association rule analysis,so as to explore the symptom characteristics,syndrome elements distribution,common syndromes and medication rules for TCM treatment of CMVD.Results A total of 107 literature were included,involving 36 syndromes,17 syndrome elements,121 symptoms and 143 Chinese medicinals.It was speculated that the main syndrome element of CMVD was blood stasis,followed by qi deficiency,qi stagnation,phlegm turbidity,yin deficiency and yang deficiency.The main type of syndrome was qi deficiency and blood stasis,followed by heart blood stasis obstruction,qi stagnation and blood stasis,phlegm blended with stasis,qi-yin deficiency,etc..The main medicinals were Chuanxiong Rhizoma,Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Angelica Sinensis Radix and Astragali Radix.The medicinals used in the treatment of CMVD were classified as blood-activating and stasis-resolving drugs,deficiency-tonifying drugs,qi-regulating drugs in terms of their efficacy.Conclusion The location of CMVD is in heart,and related to liver and kidney.The syndrome of CMVD is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality.Blood stasis runs through the development of the disease.The treatment is mainly to activate blood circulation and remove stasis,activate meridians and relieve pain,which should be supplemented with the therapies of tonifying and invigorating qi,soothing the liver and regulating qi,dispelling phlegm and dissipating masses according to the patients'syndromes.