PURPOSE: To investigate the protective effect of sub-hypothermic mechanical perfusion combined with membrane lung oxygenation on ischemic hypoxic injury of yorkshire brain tissue caused by traumatic blood loss. METHODS: This article performed a random controlled trial. Brain tissue of 7 yorkshire was selected and divided into the sub-low temperature anterograde machine perfusion group (n = 4) and the blank control group (n = 3) using the random number table method. A yorkshire model of brain tissue injury induced by traumatic blood loss was established. Firstly, the perfusion temperature and blood oxygen saturation were monitored in real-time during the perfusion process. The number of red blood cells, hemoglobin content, NA⁺, K⁺, and Ca²⁺ ions concentrations and pH of the perfusate were detected. Following perfusion, we specifically examined the parietal lobe to assess its water content. The prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were then dissected for histological evaluation, allowing us to investigate potential regional differences in tissue injury. The blank control group was sampled directly before perfusion. All statistical analyses and graphs were performed using GraphPad Prism 8.0 Student t-test. All tests were two-sided, and p value of less than 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. RESULTS: The contents of red blood cells and hemoglobin during perfusion were maintained at normal levels but more red blood cells were destroyed 3 h after the perfusion. The blood oxygen saturation of the perfusion group was maintained at 95% - 98%. NA⁺ and K⁺ concentrations were normal most of the time during perfusion but increased significantly at about 4 h. The Ca²⁺ concentration remained within the normal range at each period. Glucose levels were slightly higher than the baseline level. The pH of the perfusion solution was slightly lower at the beginning of perfusion, and then gradually increased to the normal level. The water content of brain tissue in the sub-low and docile perfusion group was 78.95% ± 0.39%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (75.27% ± 0.55%, t = 10.49, p < 0.001), and the difference was statistically significant. Compared with the blank control group, the structure and morphology of pyramidal neurons in the prefrontal cortex and CA1 region of the hippocampal gyrus were similar, and their integrity was better. The structural integrity of granulosa neurons was destroyed and cell edema increased in the perfusion group compared with the blank control group. Immunofluorescence staining for glail fibrillary acidic protein and Iba1, markers of glial cells, revealed well-preserved cell structures in the perfusion group. While there were indications of abnormal cellular activity, the analysis showed no significant difference in axon thickness or integrity compared to the 1-h blank control group. CONCLUSIONS Mild hypothermic machine perfusion can improve ischemia and hypoxia injury of yorkshire brain tissue caused by traumatic blood loss and delay the necrosis and apoptosis of yorkshire brain tissue by continuous oxygen supply, maintaining ion homeostasis and reducing tissue metabolism level.
Animals ; Perfusion/methods* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Brain Injuries/etiology* ; Swine ; Male ; Hypothermia, Induced/methods*

OBJECTIVES: To develop a scale for evaluating responsive feeding behaviors among caregivers of children aged 0-24 months in China, and to examine its reliability and validity. METHODS: An initial item pool was constructed through literature review, expert panel discussions, and caregiver interviews. Items were screened and revised using expert consultation and item analysis. A total of 523 caregivers of children aged 0-24 months were randomly selected from urban community health service centers in Nanjing for a formal survey to assess the scale's reliability and validity. RESULTS: The scale comprised two age-specific subscales: 0-6 months (4 dimensions, 18 items) and 7-24 months (5 dimensions, 29 items). Cronbach's alpha values for the two subscales were 0.766 and 0.850, respectively; split-half reliability coefficients were 0.616 and 0.716. Content validity indices were 0.83 for the 0-6 months subscale and 0.86 for the 7-24 months subscale. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the structural validity of both subscales, with all fit indices within acceptable ranges. CONCLUSIONS The two age-specific subscales demonstrate good reliability and validity and can serve as practical tools for assessing caregivers' responsive feeding behaviors in children aged 0-24 months, suitable for clinical application and dissemination.
Humans ; Infant ; Caregivers/psychology* ; Male ; Female ; Feeding Behavior ; Child, Preschool ; Infant, Newborn ; Reproducibility of Results

Background and objective As a new technique developed in recent years,bronchoscopic interven-tion therapy has the advantages of minimal invasion,high safety and repeatability.The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics of bronchopleural fistula(BPF)induced by surgeries for lung malignancies or benign diseases and the effect of bronchoscopic intervention therapy for BPF,so as to provide support for prevention and treatment of BPF.Methods Data 64 patients with BPF who were treated by bronchoscopic intervention in Respiratory Disease Cen-ter of Dongzhimen Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine from June 2020 to September 2023 were collected.Patients with fistula diameter ≤5 mm were underwent submucous injection of macrogol,combined with blocking therapy with N-butyl cyanoacrylate,medical bioprotein glue or silicone prosthesis.Patients with fistula diameter＞5 mm were im-planted with different stents and cardiac occluders.Locations and characteristics of fistulas were summarized,meanwhile,data including Karnofsky performance status(KPS),shortbreath scale(SS),body temperature,pleural drainage volume and white blood cell count before and after operation were observed.Results For all 64 patients,96 anatomic lung resections in-cluding pneumonectomy,lobectomy and segmentectomy were executed and 74 fistulas occurred in 65 fistula locations.The proportion of fistula in the right lung(63.5％)was significantly higher than that in the left(36.5％).Besides,the right inferior lobar bronchial fistula was the most common(40.5％).After operation,KPS was significantly increased,while SS,body tem-perature,pleural drainage volume and white blood cell count were significantly decreased compared to the preoperative values(P＜0.05).By telephone follow-up or readmission during 1 month to 38 months after treament,median survival time was 21 months.33 patients(51.6％)showed complete response,7 patients(10.9％)showed complete clinical response,18 patients(28.1％)showed partial response,and 6 patients(9.4％)showed no response.As a whole,the total effective rate of broncho-scopic intervention for BPF was 90.6％.Conclusion BPF induced by pulmonary surgery can lead to severe symptoms and it is usually life-threating.Bronchoscopic intervention therapy is one of the fast and effective therapeutic methods for BPF.

Pulmonary mixed squamous cell and glandular papilloma(MSCGP)is a subtype of pulmonary papil-loma,which can be classified as central type and peripheral type based on its site of development.The central type is the most common.The clinical manifestations of pulmonary MSCGP are mainly related to the location of the tumor.Surgery is the main treatment for this disease.Bronchoscopic interventional treatment for the MSCGP in the central trachea could receive satis-factory effect.We reported a patient suffered from diffuse tracheal MSCGP who was treated by bronchoscopic interventional treatment in Respiratory Disease Center,Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,aiming to enhance the recognition of the clinical features and provide clinical references for the diagnosis and treatment of such disease.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of naringin on acute lung injury(ALI)in septic mice.Methods The acute lung injury mouse model of sepsis was established by intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg·kg-1 lipopolysaccharide.The mice were randomly divided into control group(injected with equal amounts of saline and phosphate buffer),model group(mouse model of sepsis acute lung injury),naringin group(50 mg·kg-1 naringin injected intraperitoneally 1 hour prior to lipopolysaccharide modeling)and BzATP group(50 mg·kg-1 naringin+5 mg·kg-1 BzATP injected intraperitoneally 1 hour prior to lipopolysaccharide modeling).After modeling,lung tissues were taken 24 h later,lung coefficients were calculated;lung tissue interleukin(-ILβ-1 β),interleukin-10(IL-10)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay;the expression of purinergic 2X7 receptor(P2X7R),nucleotide-binding oligomerization structural domain-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)and nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)proteins were detected by Western blotting.Results The lung coefficients in the control,model,naringin and BzATP groups were(6.26±0.31),(9.09±1.02),(7.02±0.45)and(8.79±0.55)mg·g-1;the contents of TNF-α were(56.41±0.35),(174.68±1.58),(85.23±1.68)and(162.97±3.42)pg·mL-1;the contents of IL-1β were(44.18±7.37),(119.91±17.16),(85.41±2.14)and(104.57±3.39)pg·mL-1;the contents of IL-10 were(50.82±2.89),(28.31±1.86),(42.82±1.98)and(25.19±1.69)pg·mL-1;P2X7 protein expression levels were 0.45±0.16,1.33±0.10,0.64±0.09 and 1.05±0.18;NF-κB protein expression levels were 0.38±0.19,1.29±0.09,0.57±0.11 and 0.92±0.07;NLRP3 protein expression levels were 0.72±0.14,1.28±0.23,0.75±0.09 and 1.27±0.23.Compared with the model group in the control group and naringin group,compared with the naringin group in the BzATP group,the differences of the above indexes were statistically significant(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).Conclusion Naringin attenuates acute lung injury in septic mice by inhibiting the P2X7 receptor-mediated NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway.

Objective This study investigated the impact of occupational mercury(Hg)exposure on human gene transcription and expression,and its potential biological mechanisms. Methods Differentially expressed genes related to Hg exposure were identified and validated using gene expression microarray analysis and extended validation.Hg-exposed cell models and PTEN low-expression models were established in vitro using 293T cells.PTEN gene expression was assessed using qRT-PCR,and Western blotting was used to measure PTEN,AKT,and PI3K protein levels.IL-6 expression was determined by ELISA. Results Combined findings from gene expression microarray analysis,bioinformatics,and population expansion validation indicated significant downregulation of the PTEN gene in the high-concentration Hg exposure group.In the Hg-exposed cell model(25 and 10 μmol/L),a significant decrease in PTEN expression was observed,accompanied by a significant increase in PI3K,AKT,and IL-6 expression.Similarly,a low-expression cell model demonstrated that PTEN gene knockdown led to a significant decrease in PTEN protein expression and a substantial increase in PI3K,AKT,and IL-6 levels. Conclusion This is the first study to report that Hg exposure downregulates the PTEN gene,activates the PI3K/AKT regulatory pathway,and increases the expression of inflammatory factors,ultimately resulting in kidney inflammation.

An electrochemical chemical oxygen demand(COD)sensor was proposed based on a FTO/TiO2/PbO2 electrode and a thin-layer electrochemical cell.The FTO/TiO2/PbO2 electrode was characterized by X-ray photoelectronic spectroscopy(XPS),X-ray diffraction(XRD)spectroscopy and electrochemical technique,and the results indicated that the rapid decrease in the output signals of the electrochemical COD sensor could be attributed to oxidation of PbSO4 occurring on the surface of FTO/TiO2/PbO2 electrode.The PbO2 deposition time and concentration of Na2SO4 were further optimized and then the electrochemical COD sensor was challenged by real samples including laker water sample,river water sample and wastewater sample.The evolution trend of signals of the electrochemical COD sensor in response to lake and river water samples was identical with that obtained with the standard method(HJ/T399-2007,Water quality-determination of the chemical oxygen demand-fast digestion-spectrophotometric method).The electrochemical COD sensor exhibited significant increase in the signal intensity after the samples were switched from lake water to wastewater sample,and a mean value of 32.5 mg/L with relative standard deviation(RSD)of 6.8%were obtained after measuring 45 times the wastewater with COD value of 30 mg/L under a sampling interval of 400 s.The as-prepared electrochemical COD sensor possessed good promise in regular monitoring of COD,discharge of wastewater and industrial process control,with advantages such as a small sampling interval,mild reaction conditions and no requirement of toxic and harmful chemical reagents.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.