ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Scutellariae Radix combined with epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors （EGFR-TKIs） on cell proliferation， apoptosis， cancer stem cell （CSC） marker expression， and metabolism in non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） cells. MethodsThe anti-tumor effects of Scutellariae Radix and EGFR-TKIs （gefitinib or osimertinib） in NSCLC cells were evaluated using the cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） and Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide （PI） double staining apoptosis assay. The activity of Scutellariae Radix and EGFR-TKIs in three-dimensional （3D） cultures of NSCLC cells was assessed using the CellTiter-Glo® 3D cell viability assay. The mRNA and protein expression levels of CSC markers， sex determining region y box protein 2 （SOX2） and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1 （ALDH1A1）， were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） and Western blot， respectively. Changes in intracellular reactive oxygen species （ROS） levels were detected by ROS staining， and the redox ratio was detected by femtosecond laser labeling free imaging （FLI）. ResultsUnder both two-dimensional （2D） and 3D culture conditions， compared with the blank group and EGFR-TKI group， the combination group showed significantly reduced cell viability and increased apoptosis rate （P<0.05）. Compared with the EGFR-TKI group， the mRNA and protein levels of CSC markers were significantly downregulated in the combination group （P<0.05）. Additionally， the redox ratio was significantly elevated （P<0.05）， and ROS levels were also increased in the combination group compared with the EGFR-TKI group. ConclusionIn NSCLC cells， Scutellariae Radix enhances the redox ratio and increases ROS levels， thereby inhibiting the expression of CSC markers and strengthening the anti-tumor effects of EGFR-TKIs. This provides a novel molecular mechanism by which Scutellariae Radix may enhance the sensitivity of targeted therapies.

ObjectiveTransfer RNA-derived fragments (tRFs) are a recently characterized and rapidly expanding class of small non-coding RNAs, typically ranging from 13 to 50 nucleotides in length. They are derived from mature or precursor tRNA molecules through specific cleavage events and have been implicated in a wide range of cellular processes. Increasing evidence indicates that tRFs play important regulatory roles in gene expression, primarily by interacting with target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) to induce transcript degradation, in a manner partially analogous to microRNAs (miRNAs). However, despite their emerging biological relevance and potential roles in disease mechanisms, there remains a significant lack of computational tools capable of systematically predicting the interaction landscape between tRFs and their target mRNAs. Existing databases often rely on limited interaction features and lack the flexibility to accommodate novel or user-defined tRF sequences. The primary goal of this study was to develop a machine learning based prediction algorithm that enables high-throughput, accurate identification of tRF:mRNA binding events, thereby facilitating the functional analysis of tRF regulatory networks. MethodsWe began by assembling a manually curated dataset of 38 687 experimentally verified tRF:mRNA interaction pairs and extracting seven biologically informed features for each pair: (1) AU content of the binding site, (2) site pairing status, (3) binding region location, (4) number of binding sites per mRNA, (5) length of the longest consecutive complementary stretch, (6) total binding region length, and (7) seed sequence complementarity. Using this dataset and feature set, we trained 4 distinct machine learning classifiers—logistic regression, random forest, decision tree, and a multilayer perceptron (MLP)—to compare their ability to discriminate true interactions from non-interactions. Each model’s performance was evaluated using overall accuracy, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and the corresponding area under the ROC curve (AUC). The MLP consistently achieved the highest AUC among the four, and was therefore selected as the backbone of our prediction framework, which we named tRF Prospect. For biological validation, we retrieved 3 high-throughput RNA-seq datasets from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) in which individual tRFs were overexpressed: AS-tDR-007333 (GSE184690), tRF-3004b (GSE197091), and tRF-20-S998LO9D (GSE208381). Differential expression analysis of each dataset identified genes downregulated upon tRF overexpression, which we designated as putative targets. We then compared the predictions generated by tRF Prospect against those from three established tools—tRFTar, tRForest, and tRFTarget—by quantifying the number of predicted targets for each tRF and assessing concordance with the experimentally derived gene sets. ResultsThe proposed algorithm achieved high predictive accuracy, with an AUC of 0.934. Functional validation was conducted using transcriptome-wide RNA-seq datasets from cells overexpressing specific tRFs, confirming the model’s ability to accurately predict biologically relevant downregulation of mRNA targets. When benchmarked against established tools such as tRFTar, tRForest, and tRFTarget, tRF Prospect consistently demonstrated superior performance, both in terms of predictive precision and sensitivity, as well as in identifying a higher number of true-positive interactions. Moreover, unlike static databases that are limited to precomputed results, tRF Prospect supports real-time prediction for any user-defined tRF sequence, enhancing its applicability in exploratory and hypothesis-driven research. ConclusionThis study introduces tRF Prospect as a powerful and flexible computational tool for investigating tRF:mRNA interactions. By leveraging the predictive strength of deep learning and incorporating a broad spectrum of interaction-relevant features, it addresses key limitations of existing platforms. Specifically, tRF Prospect: (1) expands the range of detectable tRF and target types; (2) improves prediction accuracy through multilayer perceptron model; and (3) allows for dynamic, user-driven analysis beyond database constraints. Although the current version emphasizes miRNA-like repression mechanisms and faces challenges in accurately capturing 5'UTR-associated binding events, it nonetheless provides a critical foundation for future studies aiming to unravel the complex roles of tRFs in gene regulation, cellular function, and disease pathogenesis.

Objective:To compare the therapeutic efficacy and safety of local anesthesia and spinal anesthesia for the patients with varicocele(VC)who underwent microsurgical varicocelectomy(MV).Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the data of VC patients who underwent MV treatment at the Andrology Department of the Affiliated Ruikang Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine from May 2020 to March 2023.Cases with complete clinical data and follow-up evaluation were selected and divided into a control group(spinal anesthesia)and an observation group(local anesthesia)according to different anesthesia methods.The surgical time(including anesthesia time),visual analogue scale(VAS)score for pain,hospital stay,treatment cost,sperm concentration,for-ward motile sperm rate,and normal sperm morphology rate after three months of surgery,as well as postoperative complications and re-currence rate were compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 107 eligible cases were included,with 56 cases in the con-trol group and 51 cases in the observation group.There was no significant difference in the VAS score for pain during and after four hours of surgery,as well as postoperative complications,and recurrence rate between the two groups(P＞0.05).There was an signif-icant increase in sperm concentration,forward motile sperm rate,and normal sperm morphology rate in both of two groups after three months of surgery(P＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference between the two groups three months after surgery(P＞0.05).The surgical time and hospital stay were shorter than those of the control group(P＜0.05).And the treatment cost in observa-tion group was lower than that of the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Both local anesthesia and lumbar anesthesia for MV treatment of VC have good efficacy and safety.However,patients treated with MV under local anesthesia for VC have obvious advanta-ges in terms of operation time(including anesthesia time),hospital stay,and treatment cost,which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

Objective:To summarize the human aging assessment scales, so as to provide reference for clinical healthcare professionals to carry out related research.Methods:In accordance with the framework of the scoping review methodology, Chinese and English databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, China Biology Medicine disc, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and PubMed were systematically searched. The search period was from database establishment to December 25, 2024. The included literature was summarized and analyzed.Results:A total of 27 papers covering 18 human aging assessment scales were included. The assessment dimensions mainly covered physical, psychological and social aspects, and the assessment methods were categorized into self-assessment, assessment by others and a combination of both. Assessment scales were tested for reliability or (and) validity, and some of them were validated in empirical studies and applied for dissemination.Conclusions:Human aging assessment scales are heterogeneous in terms of assessment dimensions, content and methods, with overall good reliability and validity. It is recommended that future research should take a multidimensional approach when developing new assessment scales and conduct empirical and multicenter applied research to improve the accuracy and applicability of the scales.

Aim To study the therapeutic effect of al-licin on senna-induced diarrhea in mice and to explore the underlying mechanism.Methods Forty-eight C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into six groups:control,model,loperamide positive control group(2 mg·kg-1),allicin low-dose group(6 mg·kg-1),allicin medium-dose group(12 mg·kg-1)and allicin high-dose group(18 mg·kg-1).Except for the con-trol group,the diarrhea model was induced in the other groups by intragastric administration of senna leaf ex-tract.After drug administration,several diarrhea indi-ces were measured:the rate of loose stools,diarrhea index,accumulated frequency of loose stools at differ-ent time points within 5 hours,and small intestine pro-pelling rate.Serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were de-tected by ELISA.Serum NO content was determined u-sing the Griess method.The activities of SOD and CAT,as well as MDA content in the ileum and colon,were measured.The pathological changes and the ex-pression of mRNA related to intestinal barrier proteins in the ileum and colon were evaluated using HE stai-ning and RT-qPCR.Results Allicin improved diar-rhea symptoms in mice induced by senna leaf.It re-duced the rate of loose stools,diarrhea index,cumula-tive number of loose stools in five hours,and the intes-tinal propulsion rate.Allicin also protected the intesti-nal mucosa,decreased serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels,and lowered MDA content in the intestines.It in-creased serum NO levels and enhanced SOD and CAT activities in the intestines.Additionally,allicin upreg-ulated the mRNA expression of AQP1,AQP4,and ZO-1 in intestinal tissues.Conclusions Allicin has a significant therapeutic effect on senna-induced diarrhea in mice.The underlying molecular mechanisms may involve anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects,in-creased NO content,and upregulation of mRNA ex-pression of aquaporins and tight-junction proteins.

Objective To investigate the effect of orthosis design parameters on correction of scoliosis and orthosis-trunk interface pressure.Methods A finite element model of scoliosis was constructed to simulate the assembly effect of the orthosis.The orthosis was divided into four loading areas(left rib,right rib,anterior-left and posterior-right area)to simulate six modification conditions.In Models 1,2 and 3,a fixed modification of 20 mm was applied on the anterior left and posterior right areas,while the displacement loads of 20,25 and 30 mm were applied on both the left rib and right rib areas.In Models 4,5 and 6,a fixed modification of 25 mm was applied on left rib and right rib areas,with the displacement loads of 15,20 and 25 mm applied on both anterior left and posterior right areas.The Cobb angle,apical vertebral rotation(AVR)and interface pressure were calculated.Results The correction of Cobb angle in Models 1,2 and 3 was 8.94°,15.62° and 17.91°,respectively,with AVR correction of 7.53°,6.69° and 5.87°,respectively.In Models 4,5 and 6,the correction of Cobb angle was 14.55°,15.62° and 16.09°,with AVR correction of 5.25°,6.69° and 8.63°,respectively.In Model 6,the correction rate of Cobb angle and AVR was 45.48%and 41.22%,respectively,with a maximum pressure of 26.51 kPa on orthosis-trunk interface,achieving the most significant outcome.Conclusions The modification of orthosis has a significant effect on the correction of Cobb and AVR angles.The loading on the left rib and right rib areas mainly affect the Cobb angle,while the loading on the anterior left and posterior right areas mainly affect the spinal axial-rotation.A modification of 25 mm on all loading areas achieves the optimal spinal correction.This study provides the quantitative data for orthosis design.

Objective:To select low-dose radiation-activated genes with intrinsic radiation protection by developing a model for adaptive responses to low-dose ionizing radiation, in order to explore the mechanisms behind the radiation resistance of the candidate genes.Methods:The cells were divided into adaptive response induction group and whole transcriptome sequencing group. The level of DNA damage was assessed using the γ-H2AX immunofluorescence assay. The low-dose radiation-activated candidate genes with radiation protection were selected through whole transcriptome sequencing and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR)-based validation. The anti-radiation effect of candidate gene CCND1 was assessed based on CCK-8 cell proliferation and γ-H2AX immunofluorescence assay. After up- and down-regulation of CCND1 expression, the anti-radiation mechanism of CCND1 was preliminarily explored through transcriptome sequencing analysis.Results:A model for low-dose ionizing radiation-induced adaptive responses of lymphocytes was constructed. Using this model, six candidate genes with radiation protection, including CCND1, ZMAT3, MGAT3, DFFB, CYP4F2, ITGA6, were selected. Compared to the control group, overexpressed CCND1 led to significantly enhanced proliferation ability of AHH-1 cells ( t = 7.92-14.76, P < 0.05) and distinctly lowered level of DNA damage ( t = 2.79-9.68, P < 0.05) after 2 Gy of X-ray irradiation. Furthermore, compared to the control group, the CCND1 knockdown caused significantly decreased cell proliferation ability ( t = 13.58-26.25, P < 0.05) and notably elevated level of DNA damage of cells ( t = 2.87-7.61, P < 0.05). Transcriptome sequencing revealed that up- and down-regulation of CCND1 expression resulted in the activation of pathways related to cell growth, death, and damage repair. Conclusions:By selecting six low-dose-activated candidate genes with radiation protection and revealing the function of CCND1 in radiation protection, this study provides a new perspective for the development of radiation protection agents from the perspective of adaptive responses to low-dose radiation.

Objective To investigate the effect of orthosis design parameters on correction of scoliosis and orthosis-trunk interface pressure.Methods A finite element model of scoliosis was constructed to simulate the assembly effect of the orthosis.The orthosis was divided into four loading areas(left rib,right rib,anterior-left and posterior-right area)to simulate six modification conditions.In Models 1,2 and 3,a fixed modification of 20 mm was applied on the anterior left and posterior right areas,while the displacement loads of 20,25 and 30 mm were applied on both the left rib and right rib areas.In Models 4,5 and 6,a fixed modification of 25 mm was applied on left rib and right rib areas,with the displacement loads of 15,20 and 25 mm applied on both anterior left and posterior right areas.The Cobb angle,apical vertebral rotation(AVR)and interface pressure were calculated.Results The correction of Cobb angle in Models 1,2 and 3 was 8.94°,15.62° and 17.91°,respectively,with AVR correction of 7.53°,6.69° and 5.87°,respectively.In Models 4,5 and 6,the correction of Cobb angle was 14.55°,15.62° and 16.09°,with AVR correction of 5.25°,6.69° and 8.63°,respectively.In Model 6,the correction rate of Cobb angle and AVR was 45.48%and 41.22%,respectively,with a maximum pressure of 26.51 kPa on orthosis-trunk interface,achieving the most significant outcome.Conclusions The modification of orthosis has a significant effect on the correction of Cobb and AVR angles.The loading on the left rib and right rib areas mainly affect the Cobb angle,while the loading on the anterior left and posterior right areas mainly affect the spinal axial-rotation.A modification of 25 mm on all loading areas achieves the optimal spinal correction.This study provides the quantitative data for orthosis design.

The traditional web version of cancer screening information management platform can not fully meet the complex requirements of current early cancer diagnosis and treatment pro-grams,due to its functional limitation,low efficiency of data processing and difficulties in up-grading screening acceptability and effectiveness.This paper analyzes the informational require-ment for cancer early diagnosis and early treatment programs;introduces the design and construc-tion of an intellectualized management information platform;elaborates the roles of digital intelli-gence technology in the whole-process management,including intelligent health management;emphasizes the importance of improving the supervision and evaluation system for its high-quality development.The paper also discusses economic barriers and other issues related to the applica-tion of digital intelligence technology.

The traditional web version of cancer screening information management platform can not fully meet the complex requirements of current early cancer diagnosis and treatment pro-grams,due to its functional limitation,low efficiency of data processing and difficulties in up-grading screening acceptability and effectiveness.This paper analyzes the informational require-ment for cancer early diagnosis and early treatment programs;introduces the design and construc-tion of an intellectualized management information platform;elaborates the roles of digital intelli-gence technology in the whole-process management,including intelligent health management;emphasizes the importance of improving the supervision and evaluation system for its high-quality development.The paper also discusses economic barriers and other issues related to the applica-tion of digital intelligence technology.