Objective To investigate the expression levels of T cell receptor(TCR)ζchain and Zeta-chain-associated protein kinase 70(ZAP70)in peripheral blood of patients with primary Sj?gren syndrome(PSS).Methods Thirty-six patients with PSS who were treated at Jiujiang NO.1 People's Hospital from January to June 2024 were enrolled in observation group,and 30 healthy subjects during the same period were enrolled in control group.Real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression levels of TCRζ chain and ZAP70 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells,and flow cytometry was used to detect peripheral blood T cell subsets.Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between TCRζ chain,ZAP70 and other detection indicators.Results The relative expression levels of TCRζ chain and ZAP70 in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group(P＜0.05),while CD8+and interleukin-6(IL-6)were significantly higher than those in control group(P＜0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that TCRζ chain was positively correlated with CD4+,and negatively correlated with CD8+and IL-6(P＜0.05).ZAP70 was negatively correlated with CD8+and IL-6(P＜0.05).Conclusion The expressions of TCRζ chain and ZAP70 are down-regulated in PSS patients,which may exacerbate the immune disorder of PSS through abnormal T cell signal transduction.

Mitochondria, functioning not only as the central hub of cellular energy metabolism but also as semi-autonomous organelles, orchestrate cellular fate decisions through their endogenous mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which encodes core components of the electron transport chain. Emerging research has identified microRNAs localized within mitochondria, termed mitochondria-located microRNAs (mitomiRs). Recent studies have revealed that mitomiRs are transcribed from nuclear DNA (nDNA), processed and matured in the cytoplasm, and subsequently transported into mitochondria. mitomiRs regulate mtDNA through diverse mechanisms, including modulation of mtDNA expression at the translational level and direct binding to mtDNA to influence transcription. Aberrant expression of mitomiRs leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and contributes to the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases. Restoring mitomiR expression to physiological levels using mitomiRs mimics or inhibitors has been shown to improve mitochondrial function and alleviate related diseases. Consequently, the regulatory mechanisms of mitomiRs have become a major focus in mitochondrial research. Given that mitomiRs are located in mitochondria, targeted delivery strategies designed for mtDNA can be adapted for the delivery of mitomiRs mimics or inhibitors. However, numerous intracellular and extracellular barriers remain, highlighting the need for more precise and efficient delivery systems in the future. The regulation of mtDNA expression mediated by mitomiRs not only expands our understanding of miRNA functions in post-transcriptional gene regulation but also provides promising molecular targets for the treatment of mitochondrial-related diseases. This review systematically summarizes recent research progress on mitomiRs in regulating mtDNA expression and discusses the underlying mechanisms of mitomiRs-mtDNA interactions. Additionally, it provides new perspectives on precision therapeutic strategies, with a particular emphasis on mitomiRs-based regulation of mitochondrial function in mitochondrial-related diseases.

Objective To investigate the expression levels of T cell receptor(TCR)ζchain and Zeta-chain-associated protein kinase 70(ZAP70)in peripheral blood of patients with primary Sj?gren syndrome(PSS).Methods Thirty-six patients with PSS who were treated at Jiujiang NO.1 People's Hospital from January to June 2024 were enrolled in observation group,and 30 healthy subjects during the same period were enrolled in control group.Real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression levels of TCRζ chain and ZAP70 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells,and flow cytometry was used to detect peripheral blood T cell subsets.Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between TCRζ chain,ZAP70 and other detection indicators.Results The relative expression levels of TCRζ chain and ZAP70 in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group(P＜0.05),while CD8+and interleukin-6(IL-6)were significantly higher than those in control group(P＜0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that TCRζ chain was positively correlated with CD4+,and negatively correlated with CD8+and IL-6(P＜0.05).ZAP70 was negatively correlated with CD8+and IL-6(P＜0.05).Conclusion The expressions of TCRζ chain and ZAP70 are down-regulated in PSS patients,which may exacerbate the immune disorder of PSS through abnormal T cell signal transduction.

Three failures of YLY-020Y acidic oxidation potential water generator were introduced,and the causes and specific troubleshooting measures were explored.References were provided for engineers to treat similar failures.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(10):118-120]

Three failures of YLY-020Y acidic oxidation potential water generator were introduced,and the causes and specific troubleshooting measures were explored.References were provided for engineers to treat similar failures.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(10):118-120]

In this study, fluvoxamine maleate sustained-release pellet system tablets were prepared and were used to evaluate their release behaviors in vitro. Fluvoxamine maleate pellets were prepared using centrifugal-spherization method and coated by fluidized bed as bottom-spray. The multi-unit sustained-release pellets and appropriate excipients for prescription volumes were mixed uniformly and then compressed to tablets. Screening and determining the optimal formulation of drug loaded pellets through L8 (2⁴) Taguchi experiment. Using Minitab software to design a DOE experiment with 2⁴ partial factors, including material temperature, fan speed, atomization pressure, and spray rate to optimize the bottom spray coating process. Taking monostearate glycerol ester with a particle size of 24-40 mesh as the main diluent for tableting to relieve the delamination phenomenon between pellets and excipients during tablet pressing and reduce mechanical damage to the coating film. By examining the powder fluidity indexes such as angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, and Hausner ratio of mixed particles, it was found that the flowability and compressibility are good and suitable for direct compression. Evaluate the basic properties of the sustained-release tablets, investigate the in vitro release behavior and study the release mechanism. The results of in vitro release test showed that the self-made sustained-release tablets could disintegrate into independent pellet units in phosphate buffer at pH 6.8 and release slowly within 24 h, which conformed to the first-order drug release model. The fluvoxamine maleate sustained-release pellet system tablets meet the requirements of preparation design and has a great commercial prospect.

Objective To explore the relevant factors of new-onset conduction disturbance(NOCD)after transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR),such as anatomical structure,device type,surgical strategies,etc.,discover relevant predictive factors,and establish a predictive model to assess the risk of conduction blockages.Methods From January 2016 to March 2022,clinical data of symptomatic patients with severe aortic valve stenosis or severe regurgitation who underwent TAVR at Xiangya Second Hospital of Central South University were collected through the hospital information system and imaging database.ECG,echocardiography,CTA,surgical materials,etc.,were extracted and analyzed by specialists.SPSS software was used for statistical analysis,and a multi-factor regression prediction model for NOCDwas built.Results A total of 184 patients were included,the occurrence rate of NOCD after TAVR was 31.0%,pure regurgitation patients'NOCD occurrence rate was 63.6%(7/11).The NOCD group had a larger aortic angles[(57.7±10.3)°vs.(52.0±9.0)°,P＜0.001],larger Oversizing[(129±28)%vs.(120±21)%,P=0.018],deeper implantation depth[(7.2±5.1)mm vs.(4.8±4.2)mm,P=0.001],and higher pure regurgitation patients'proportion[12.3%vs.3.1%,P=0.037]than the non-NOCD group.Multifactorial Logistic regression analysis indicated that an aorta angle＞54.5°(OR 3.78,95%CI 1.86-7.63,P＜0.001)or implantation depth＞5.7 mm(OR 3.39,95%CI 1.68-6.85,P＜0.001)are independent risk factors for new onset conduction disturbances after TAVR,and a predictive model was established with aortic angle,implantation depth,and Oversizing ratio as variables.The receiver operating characteristics curve showed area under ROC curve 0.709,95%CI 0.623-0.795,predicting NOCD after TAVR.Conclusions A retrospective analysis carried out at a single center discovered that the aortic angle in the NOCD group was larger than that in the non-NOCD group,the Oversizing ratio was higher,the implantation location was deeper,and there was a higher proportion of patients with pure regurgitation lesions.An aortic angle greater than 54.5°or an implantation depth more than 5.7 mm were identified as independent risk factors for NOCD after TAVR.

Objective:To investigate the role of 24-dehydrocholesterol reductase(DHCR24)in doxorubicin-induced senescence-related dysfunction of vascular endothelial cells.Methods:Human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)were induced with 0.05 μM doxorubicin for 48 h to establish a stress-triggered premature senescence model.The lentiviral transfection method was employed to achieve DHCR24 overexpression in HUVECs.Cell senescence was evaluated by β-galactosidase staining and Western blot to detect the expression of the senescence-related molecules cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A(P21)and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dependent histone deacetylase 1(SIRT1).Western blot was performed to detect DHCR24 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS)expression during endothelial senescence.DAF-FM DA(an NO fluorescent probe)was used to detect intracellular NO production.Results:In the stress-triggered premature senescence model of HUVECs induced by doxorubicin, the expression of the senescence marker P21 was up-regulated( t=19.44, P<0.01), SIRT1 was down-regulated( t=10.10, P<0.01, and the expression of DHCR24 was down-regulated( t=5.946, P<0.01), compared with the control group.Meanwhile, eNOS and NO expression was inhibited( t=11.26, P<0.01; t=10.83, P<0.01).After DHCR24 overexpression, compared with the control stimulation group, the overexpression stimulation group showed that DHCR24( F=72.10, P<0.01)was up-regulated.DHCR24 overexpression alleviated the doxorubicin-induced decrease in eNOS and NO( F=5.797, P<0.05; F=45.12, P<0.01), compared with the control group. Conclusions:DHCR24 may mitigate doxorubicin-induced senescence-related vascular endothelial dysfunction by modulating the eNOS/NO signaling pathway.

Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is a gas signaling molecule with versatile bioactivities; however, its exploitation for disease treatment appears challenging. This study describes the design and characterization of a novel type of H₂S donor-drug conjugate (DDC) based on the thio-ProTide scaffold, an evolution of the ProTide strategy successfully used in drug discovery. The new H₂S DDCs achieved hepatic co-delivery of H₂S and an anti-fibrotic drug candidate named hydronidone, which synergistically attenuated liver injury and resulted in more sufficient intracellular drug exposure. The potent hepatoprotective effects were also attributed to the H₂S-mediated multipronged intervention in lipid peroxidation both at the whole cellular and lysosomal levels. Lysosomal H₂S accumulation and H₂S DDC activation were facilitated by the hydrolysis through the specific lysosomal hydrolase, representing a distinct mechanism for lysosomal targeting independent of the classical basic moieties. These findings provided a novel pattern for the design of optimally therapeutic H₂S DDC and organelle-targeting functional molecules.

In infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia(sBPD),severe pulmonary lobar emphysema may occur as a complication,contributing to significant impairment in ventilation.Clinical management of these infants is extremely challenging and some may require lobectomy to improve ventilation.However,prior to the lobectomy,it is very difficult to assess whether the remaining lung parenchyma would be able to sustain adequate ventilation postoperatively.In addition,preoperative planning and perioperative management are also quite challenging in these patients.This paper reports the utility of selective bronchial occlusion in assessing the safety and efficacy of lobectomy in a case of sBPD complicated by severe right upper lobar emphysema.Since infants with sBPD already have poor lung development and significant lung injury,lobectomy should be viewed as a non-traditional therapy and be carried out with extreme caution.Selective bronchial occlusion test can be an effective tool in assessing the risks and benefits of lobectomy in cases with sBPD and lobar emphysema.However,given the technical difficulty,successful application of this technique requires close collaboration of an experienced interdisciplinary team.