The general models for intermediates quality analysis in the production process of Yaobitong capsule were established by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with chemometrics, realizing the rapid determination of notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rd and moisture. The spray-dried fine powder and total mixed granule were selected as research objects. The contents of five saponins were determined by high performance liquid chromatography and the moisture content was determined by drying method. The measured contents were used as reference values. Meanwhile, NIR spectra were collected. After removing abnormal samples by Monte Carlo cross validation (MCCV), Monte Carlo uninformative variables elimination (MC-UVE) and competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) were used to select feature variables respectively. Based on the feature variables, quantitative models were established by partial least squares regression (PLSR), extreme learning machine (ELM) and ant lion optimization least squares support vector machine (ALO-LSSVM). The results showed that CARS-ALO-LSSVM model had the optimum effect. The correlation coefficients of the six index components were greater than 0.93, and the relative standard errors were controlled within 6%. ALO-LSSVM was more suitable for a large number of samples with rich information, and the prediction effect and stability of the model were significantly improved. The general models with good predicting effect can be used for the rapid quality determination of Yaobitong capsule intermediates.

Naturally occurring compounds have widely been applied to treat diverse pharmacological effects, including asthma, allergic diseases, antioxidants, inflammation, antibiotics, and cancer. Recent research has revealed the essential role of the thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in regulating inflammatory responses at mucosal barriers and maintaining immune homeostasis. Asthma, inflammation, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are allergic disorders in which TSLP plays a significant role. Although TSLP’s role in type 2 immune responses has undergone comprehensive investigation, its involvement in inflammatory diseases and cancer has also been found to be expanding. However, investigating how to block the TSLP pathway using natural products has been limited. This paper summarizes the roles of various medicinal plants and their chemical components that effectively inhibit the TSLP pathway. In addition, we also highlight the contributions of several plant-derived compounds to treat allergic diseases via targeting TSLP. This review intends to offer innovative concepts to scientists investigating the use of naturally produced compounds and extracts for the treatment of allergic illnesses.

Naturally occurring compounds have widely been applied to treat diverse pharmacological effects, including asthma, allergic diseases, antioxidants, inflammation, antibiotics, and cancer. Recent research has revealed the essential role of the thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in regulating inflammatory responses at mucosal barriers and maintaining immune homeostasis. Asthma, inflammation, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are allergic disorders in which TSLP plays a significant role. Although TSLP’s role in type 2 immune responses has undergone comprehensive investigation, its involvement in inflammatory diseases and cancer has also been found to be expanding. However, investigating how to block the TSLP pathway using natural products has been limited. This paper summarizes the roles of various medicinal plants and their chemical components that effectively inhibit the TSLP pathway. In addition, we also highlight the contributions of several plant-derived compounds to treat allergic diseases via targeting TSLP. This review intends to offer innovative concepts to scientists investigating the use of naturally produced compounds and extracts for the treatment of allergic illnesses.

Naturally occurring compounds have widely been applied to treat diverse pharmacological effects, including asthma, allergic diseases, antioxidants, inflammation, antibiotics, and cancer. Recent research has revealed the essential role of the thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in regulating inflammatory responses at mucosal barriers and maintaining immune homeostasis. Asthma, inflammation, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are allergic disorders in which TSLP plays a significant role. Although TSLP’s role in type 2 immune responses has undergone comprehensive investigation, its involvement in inflammatory diseases and cancer has also been found to be expanding. However, investigating how to block the TSLP pathway using natural products has been limited. This paper summarizes the roles of various medicinal plants and their chemical components that effectively inhibit the TSLP pathway. In addition, we also highlight the contributions of several plant-derived compounds to treat allergic diseases via targeting TSLP. This review intends to offer innovative concepts to scientists investigating the use of naturally produced compounds and extracts for the treatment of allergic illnesses.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of children with newly diagnosed HL from January 2011 to December 2023 at four hospitals: Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University Zhangzhou Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, and Fujian Children's Hospital. Patients were categorized into low-risk (R1), intermediate-risk (R2), and high-risk (R3) groups based on HL staging and pre-treatment risk factors. The patients received ABVD regimen or Chinese Pediatric HL-2013 regimen chemotherapy. Early treatment response and long-term efficacy were assessed, and prognostic factors were analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS: The overall complete response (CR) rates after 2 and 4 cycles of chemotherapy were 42% and 68%, respectively. Compared with the ABVD regimen group, patients treated with the HL-2013 regimen in the R1 group showed significantly higher CR rates after both 2 and 4 cycles (P<0.05). However, no statistically significant differences in CR rates were observed between the two regimens in the R2 and R3 groups (P>0.05). The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) rate, overall survival rate, and freedom from treatment failure rate were 83%±4%, 97%±2%, and 88%±4%, respectively. Cox analysis indicated that the presence of a large tumor mass at diagnosis and failure to achieve CR after 4 cycles of chemotherapy were independent risk factors for lower EFS rates (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Pediatric HL generally has a favorable prognosis. The presence of a large tumor mass at diagnosis and failure to achieve CR after 4 cycles of chemotherapy indicate poor prognosis.
Humans ; Hodgkin Disease/pathology* ; Male ; Child ; Female ; Adolescent ; Retrospective Studies ; Child, Preschool ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use* ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Survival Analysis ; Infant

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of baicalin on gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)rats.Methods A GDM rat model was induced by a high-fat high-glucose diet combined with Streptozotocin(STZ)Injection.Forty modeled successfully rats were randomly divided into model group,Metformin group,low-and high-dose baicalin group and high-dose baicalin+ML385[nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)inhibitor]group,with 8 rats in each group,in addition,the normal group(8 healthy rats)was set up.After group intervention,fasting blood glucose(FBG),fasting insulin(FINS),and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)levels were measured.Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)were detected.The levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),and catalase(CAT)in liver tissue were measured.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect serum inflammatory factors,including tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),interleukin 1β(IL-1β),and interleukin 6(IL-6).Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was used to observe liver histopathological changes.Western Blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)in rat liver tissue.Results Compared with the normal group,the model group showed significantly increased levels of FBG,FINS,HOMA-IR,ALT,AST,ALP,TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 and MDA(P＜0.05),while the levels of SOD,CAT,GSH-Px,and the expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).HE staining of liver tissue revealed disordered cell arrangement and extensive cell degeneration and necrosis.Compared with the model group,the Metformin group,high-dose baicalin group,and high-dose baicalin+ML385 group showed significantly decreased levels of FBG,FINS,HOMA-IR,ALT,AST,ALP,TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 and MDA(P＜0.05),while the levels of SOD,CAT,GSH-Px,and the expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 were significantly increased(P＜0.05).The structure of liver sinusoids improved,and necrotic cells were reduced.Compared with the low-dose baicalin group,the high-dose baicalin group showed significantly decreased levels of FBG,FINS,HOMA-IR,ALT,AST,ALP,TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 and MDA(P＜0.05),while the levels of SOD,CAT,GSH-Px,and the expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 were significantly increased(P＜0.05).The structure of liver sinusoids improved,and necrotic cells were reduced.Compared with the high-dose baicalin group,the high-dose baicalin+ML385 group showed a reversal in the above indicators(P＜0.05).Conclusion Baicalin can alleviate oxidative stress injury in GDM rats by activating Nrf2 and HO-1 expression.

Objective To investigate the effects of remifentanil and dexmedetomidine controlled hypotension on coagulation function,cerebral oxygen metabolism and amino acid neurotransmitter levels in elderly patients undergoing orthopedic surgery.Methods The elderly patients who underwent lower extremity orthopedic surgery were divided into group A(given dexmedetomidine for hypotension),group B(given remifentanil for hypotension)and group C(given remifentanil combined with dexmedetomidine for hypotension)according to different anesthetic drugs.Systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP)and heart rate(HR)were compared among the 3 groups.Cerebral oxygen metabolism[arterial oxygen content,(CaO2),oxygen saturation of internal jugular vein(SjvO2),oxygen content of internal jugular vein(CjvO2)],coagulation function[activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),prothrombin time(PT),thrombin time(TT),plasma fibrinogen(FIB)],amino acid neurotransmitters[glutamic acid(Glu),aspartate(Asp),gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)]were compared,and the occurrence of adverse drug reactions during the trial were compared.Results At 12 h after anesthesia,the APTT of group A,group B and group C were(17.26±2.77),(17.37±2.92)and(31.11±4.74)s,respectively.GABA were(18.74±2.71),(19.22±2.60)and(23.37±2.59)mmol·L-1,respectively.3 min after withdrawal,CaO2 in group A,group B and group C were(139.31±9.03),(140.90±8.70)and(131.75±10.11)mL·L-1,respectively;SjvO2 were(63.59±2.23)％,(63.40±2.44)％and(68.82±3.36)％,respectively.The above indexes of group C were compared with those of group A and group B,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).The incidence of adverse drug reactions in group A,B and C were 12.82％,27.50％and 7.32％,respectively.The incidence of adverse drug reactions in group C were lower than that in group A and group B(P＜0.05).Conclusion Remifentanil combined with dexmedetomidine for controlled hypotension in elderly orthopedic surgery has better blood pressure control effect,can improve postoperative coagulation function,maintain cerebral oxygen metabolism balance,reduce cognitive function injury and anesthesia adverse drug reactions.

Objective To investigate the effect of paeoniflorin on aerobic glycolysis of macrophages induced by resiquimod.Methods THP-1 cells were treated with phorbol ester(PM A)to differentiate into macrophages.The cells were divided into control group,model group and low,medium,high dose experimental group.The cells in the control group were cultured normally;in the model group,2 μg·mL-1 resiquimod was used to stimulate macrophages for 24 h to induce aerobic glycolysis.The low,medium and high dose experimental groups were treated with 1,10 and 100 μmol·L-1 paeoniflorin for 24 h on the basis of the model group.Cell activity was detected by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)method.Lactate and glucose determination kit were used to detect lactate secretion and glucose consumption of cells in each group.The protein and mRNA expression levels of(PKM2)and(LDHA)were detected by Western blot and real-time fluorescence quantitative polynucleotide chain reaction(q-PCR)respectively.Immunofluorescence method was used to compare the fluorescence intensity of PKM2 in each group.Results After 24 h stimulation of THP-1 cells with 2 μg·mL-1 resiquimod,the glucose contents in cell culture supernatants of control group,model group and low,medium and high dose experimental groups were(14.70±0.44),(9.83±0.43),(10.68±0.29),(11.79±0.33)and(13.63±0.74)mmol·L-1;the lactate secreted by cells were(6.17±0.48),(11.94±0.55),(9.08±0.55),(7.79±0.66)and(6.50±0.55)mmol·L-1;the protein expression levels of PKM2 in cells were 1.00±0.00,1.33±0.18,1.02±0.17,0.74±0.17 and 0.73±0.18;the protein expression levels of LDHA were 1.00±0.00,1.20±0.09,0.90±0.14,0.76±0.12 and 0.78±0.17;the PKM2 mRNA levels were 1.00±0.09,2.11±0.23,1.98±0.31,1.38±0.25 and 0.93±0.32;the LDHA mRNA levels were 1.00±0.13,1.85±0.25,1.44±0.21,0.91±0.24 and 0.96±0.14;the average fluorescence intensities of PKM2 were 136.41±33.63,217.94±5.33,210.27±1.03,204.14±3.27 and 186.79±14.03.Compared with control group,the above indicators in model group showed statistically significant differences(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);compared with model group,the differences in the above indicators in medium and high dose experimental group were all statistically significant(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion Paeoniflorin can inhibit the aerobic glycolysis of macrophages induced by resiquimod.

Tezepelumab(AMG 157/MEDI9929)is a human monoclonal antibody against the epithelial cell-derived cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin(TSLP).It is primarily used to treat moderate to severe asthma,particularly in patients with a non-eosinophilic inflammatory phenotype,whose asthma remains uncontrolled despite the use of long-acting beta-agonists and moderate to high doses of inhaled glucocorticoids.This article will summarise the mechanism of action,clinical trial efficacy and safety and tolerability of Tezepelumab in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the drug and inform clinical work.

OBJECTIVE To explore the therapeutic effect and safety of Maiwei Yangfei Decoction(MWYF)in the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis of qi-yin deficiency type.METHODS A total of 58 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis of qi-yin deficiency type were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group with 29 cases in each group according to a 1:1 ratio.Two cases dropped out of the experimental group and three cases dropped out of the control group.The control group received standardized treatment of Western medicine,and the experimental group received MWYF on the basis of the treatment of the control group.The treatment course of both groups was 3 months.The TCM syndrome score,lung function,6-minute walking distance(6MWD),transcutaneous blood oxygen saturation(SpO2),high-resolution computed tomography(HRCT)score,St.George's respir-atory questionnaire(SGRQ)score and serum sialoglycoprotein antigen(KL-6)level of the two groups were compared before and after treatment.Blood routine and liver and kidney function of the two groups were detected before and after treatment,and the occurrence of adverse reactions during treatment was recorded.RESULTS After treatment,the total score of TCM syndrome of the two groups was significantly improved(P<0.01),and the experimental group was better than the control group(P<0.01);the DLCO%of the experi-mental group increased(P<0.05),and the experimental group was higher than the control group(P<0.05).The experimental group showed significant improvement in 6MWD,HRCT grid shadow,SGRQ symptom score and total score,and serum KL-6 level(P<0.05,P<0.01),which was better than the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).No serious adverse events occurred in either group dur-ing the treatment.CONCLUSION MWYF combined with standardized Western medicine treatment can effectively improve the clini-cal symptoms of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis of qi-yin deficiency type,reduce the expression level of serum KL-6,and has a definite effect and good safety.