OBJECTIVES: This study aims to evaluate the clinical effect of low-energy semiconductor laser treatment on the promotion of wound healing after maxillofacial fracture surgery. METHODS: A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted. Patients with maxillofacial fractures who were hospitalized in the Department of Trauma and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, from August 2021 to June 2023 were selected as the study subjects and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group was treated with a low-energy semiconductor laser once a day for six consecutive days after daily routine dressing change on the first day after surgery. The control group only underwent routine dressing change treatment and did not receive low-energy semiconductor laser treatment. Wound healing times, wound healing conditions, modified Stony Brook scar evaluation scale (mSBSES) scores, pain indices, and wound infection rates were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: A total of 211 patients were included in this study. A total of 104 and 107 cases comprised the experimental and control groups, respectively. A total of 128 males and 83 females were included. After low-energy semiconductor laser treatment, the facial skin wound healing time of the experimental group was found to be significantly shorter than that of the control group (P<0.05). Moreover, the wound grade A healing rate of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group on the seventh day after surgery (P<0.05). Among postoperative facial skin wound evaluation indices, the mSBSES scores of the experimental group at all observation points were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05), and the scores of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group in terms of wound width reduction, height reduction, color lightening, and incision line loss (P<0.05). In postoperative wound pain evaluation, the pain index of the experimental group after low-energy semiconductor laser treatment was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). No significant difference in wound infection rates was found between the two groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS For facial skin wounds in maxillofacial fracture surgery, low-energy semiconductor laser treatment can effectively promote wound healing, improve wound healing quality, fade scars, and relieve wound pain.
Humans ; Wound Healing/radiation effects* ; Male ; Female ; Lasers, Semiconductor/therapeutic use* ; Prospective Studies ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Low-Level Light Therapy ; Maxillofacial Injuries/surgery* ; Young Adult

ABSTRACT Using laser for treatment of dentin hypersensitivity (DH) have recently shown promising results and better immediate reduction in pain scores. However, its efficacy and mechanism of action is controversial. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of diode laser compared with sodium fluoride varnish in treating DH in patients with gingival recession. Eighteen patients with Miller’s class I and class II gingival recession and hypersensitivity in at least two non-adjacent teeth were included in the study. Test surfaces (n = 25) were treated with diode laser, whilst control surfaces (n = 23) were treated with 5% sodium fluoride varnish. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores were recorded for air and tactile stimulus for both groups at baseline, 15 min, 1 month and 3 months post-treatment. Results showed significant (p < 0.05) reduction in VAS scores at 15 min, 1 month and 3 months compared with baseline in both test and control surfaces, with no significant intergroup differences. However, the percentage reduction in DH was more in laser at all evaluation periods. The use of diode laser and sodium fluoride varnish showed good immediate and prolonged results. Further studies are needed to come up with more effective treatment methods.
Lasers, Semiconductor ; Dentin Sensitivity ; Gingival Recession

BACKGROUND: Diode lasers are the gold standard for removing unwanted hair. Lowering the energy should result in less pain and could theoretically affect therapeutic efficacy. This study evaluated the efficacy of an 808-nm diode laser at different fluences for permanent axillary hair removal in Korean women. METHODS: Twenty-four Korean women were divided into two groups. Each patient received laser treatment at both axillae, which were divided into upper and lower parts. Each part received different fluence from an HR808 prototype diode at 1-month intervals: 8, 10, 12, and 14 J/cm². Hair count and thickness were recorded at each follow-up visit and at a 3-month follow-up after the final laser treatment by photography and using a folliscope. At the final visit, pain and patient satisfaction were surveyed. Three plastic surgeons assessed the results on photographs. RESULTS: The mean hair follicle density reduction was 62.18%, 65.28%, 73.08%, and 78.29% on the right upper side, right lower side, left upper side, and left lower side, respectively. The mean hair follicle thickness reduction was 45%, 48%, 54%, and 59% on the right upper side, right lower side, left upper side, and left lower side, respectively. In the plastic surgeons' assessment, the left upper and lower sides scored 2.71. The right upper and lower sides scored 2.38 and 2.04, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: High-fluence (14 J/cm²) treatment with an HR 808 prototype diode laser efficiently removed unwanted hair. No significant difference in comfort was reported compared to the low-fluence mode (8–10 J/cm²).
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Axilla ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hair Follicle ; Hair Removal ; Hair ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; Lasers, Semiconductor ; Patient Satisfaction ; Photography ; Plastics ; Prospective Studies ; Surgeons

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the potential effects of cisplatin on photodynamic therapy (PDT) in breast cancer using a breast tumor-bearing mouse model. METHODS: In this study, breast tumor (experimental mammary tumour-6 cell)-bearing nude mice were used as experimental animals. Photolon® (photosensitizer, 2.5 mg/kg body weight [BW]) was injected intraperitoneally; after 2 hours, the tumors were irradiated (660 nm, 80 J/cm2) using a diode laser tool. Cisplatin (3 mg/kg BW) was injected intraperitoneally 1 hour before the Photolon® injection. RESULTS: Tumor volume increased over time in the control group and was not different from that in the cisplatin group. In the PDT group, the tumor volume increased on day 3, but not on day 7. In the cisplatin+PDT group, tumor volume increased on day 3 but decreased on day 7. There was no significant difference in the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) in tumor tissues between the control and cisplatin groups. The levels of TBARS in the cisplatin+PDT group were higher (47%) than those in the PDT group. Analysis of tumor tissue transcriptomes showed that the expression of genes related to the inflammatory response including CL and XCL genes increased, while that of Fn1 decreased in the cisplatin+PDT group compared with the PDT group. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that cisplatin enhances the therapeutic effect of PDT in a breast tumor-bearing mouse model. However, further clinical studies involving patients with breast cancer is needed.
Animals ; Body Weight ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast ; Cisplatin ; Humans ; Lasers, Semiconductor ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Photochemotherapy ; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ; Transcriptome ; Tumor Burden

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the analgesic effect of a single application of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on spontaneous pain and pain on chewing after placement of initial archwires. METHODS: Forty-two patients (26 women, 16 men) were randomly recruited for this split-mouth randomized clinical trial. Each patient received super-elastic nickel-titanium (NiTi) initial archwires (0.012, 0.014, 0.016, and 0.018-inch [in]) in the maxilla for leveling and alignment for an interval of 4 weeks between archwires. One side of the mouth was randomly designated as experimental, while the other side served as placebo. After insertion of each archwire, the experimental side was irradiated with a diode laser for 3 seconds each on 5 points facially and palatally per tooth, from the central incisor to first molar. On the placebo side, the laser device was held the same way but without laser application. A numerical rating scale was used to assess the intensity of spontaneous and masticatory pain for the following 7 days. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare pain scores between sides. RESULTS: Patients in the LLLT group exhibited significantly lower mean scores for spontaneous pain after insertion of the initial two archwires (0.012-in and 0.014-in NiTi; p < 0.05), while there was no significant difference for 0.016-in and 0.018-in wires between the LLLT and placebo groups. LLLT significantly reduced chewing pain scores (p < 0.05) for all archwires. CONCLUSIONS: A single dose of LLLT considerably lessened postoperative pain accompanying the placement of super-elastic NiTi wires for initial alignment and leveling.
Female ; Humans ; Incisor ; Lasers, Semiconductor ; Low-Level Light Therapy* ; Mastication ; Maxilla ; Molar ; Mouth ; Pain, Postoperative ; Tooth

Auditory tube diverticula, also known as guttural pouches, are naturally occurring dilations of the auditory tube in horses that communicate with the nasopharynx through a small ostium. Infection and select other conditions can result in inflammation and narrowing of the nasopharyngeal ostium, which prevents drainage of fluid or egress of air and can lead to persistent infection or guttural pouch tympany. Auditory tube diverticulotomy allows continuous egress from the auditory tube diverticula and is a feature of disease treatment in horses, in which medical treatment alone is not successful. Transpharyngeal endoscopic auditory tube diverticulotomy was performed using a diode laser either at a single dorsal pharyngeal recess location or bilaterally caudal to the nasopharyngeal ostium in 10 horse head specimens. Both methods resulted in clear communication between the nasopharynx and auditory tube diverticula. Diverticulotomy performed in the dorsal pharyngeal recess required less laser energy and activation time and had a shorter surgical duration than diverticulotomy performed caudal to the nasopharyngeal ostium. Further study related to the clinical application of both techniques is warranted.
Diverticulum ; Drainage ; Empyema ; Endoscopy ; Eustachian Tube ; Head ; Horses ; Inflammation ; Laser Therapy ; Lasers, Semiconductor ; Nasopharynx ; Surgery, Veterinary

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of a newly devised toothbrush with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on Porphyromonas gingivalis attached to sandblasted and acid-etched titanium surfaces. METHODS: The study included a control group, a commercial photodynamic therapy (PDT) group, and 3 test groups (B, BL, and BLE). The disks in the PDT group were placed in methylene blue and then irradiated with a diode laser. The B disks were only brushed, the BL disks were brushed with an LED toothbrush, and the BLE disks were placed into erythrosine and then brushed with an LED toothbrush. After the different treatments, bacteria were detached from the disks and spread on selective agar. The number of viable bacteria and percentage of bacterial reduction were determined from colony counts. Scanning electron microscopy was performed to visualize bacterial alterations. RESULTS: The number of viable bacteria in the BLE group was significantly lower than that in the other groups (P < 0.05). Scanning electron microscopy showed that bacterial cell walls were intact in the control and B groups, but changed after commercial PDT and LED exposure. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that an LED toothbrush with erythrosine treatment was more effective than a commercial PDT kit in reducing the number of P. gingivalis cells attached to surface-modified titanium in vitro.
Agar ; Bacteria ; Biofilms ; Cell Wall ; Erythrosine ; In Vitro Techniques ; Lasers, Semiconductor ; Methylene Blue ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Photochemotherapy ; Porphyromonas gingivalis ; Porphyromonas ; Titanium ; Toothbrushing

Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a newly emerging imaging modality for preclinical and clinical applications. The conventional PAI systems use Q-switched Nd:YAG/OPO (Optical Parametric Oscillator) nanosecond lasers as excitation sources. Such lasers are expensive, bulky, and imaging speed is limited because of low pulse repetition rate. In recent years, the semiconductor laser technology has advanced to generate high-repetitions rate near-infrared pulsed lasers diodes (PLDs) which are reliable, less-expensive, hand-held, and light-weight, about 200 g. In this article, we review the development and demonstration of PLD based PAI systems for preclinical and clinical applications reported in recent years.
Lasers, Semiconductor

BACKGROUND: Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) is an oral potentially malignant disorder, characterized by multifocal expression, progressive clinical evolution, and a high rate of malignant transformation. Evidence-based information regarding optimal PVL management is lacking, due to the paucity of data. The present report describes a case of PVL associated with HPV-16 infection and epithelial dysplasia treated by diode laser surgery, and the outcome of disease clinical remission over a 2-year follow-up period. CASE REPORT: A 61-year-old Caucasian male with oral verrucous hyperkeratosis presented for diagnosis. The lesions were localized on the maxillary gingiva and palatal alveolar ridge. Multiple biopsy specimens have been taken by mapping the keratotic lesion area. Microscopic examination was compatible with a diagnosis of PVL with focal mild dysplasia, localized in the right maxillary gingiva. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was done for human papillomavirus (HPV) detection which revealed presence of HPV DNA, and the genotype revealed HPV 16 in the sample. The PVL in the right gingival area was treated on an outpatient basis by excision with a diode laser. This approach resulted in good clinical response and decreased morbidity over a 2-year follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: This case illustrates the benefit of a conservative approach by diode laser treatment than wide surgical excision for management of the PVL lesions associated with mild dysplasia and HPV-16 infection.
Alveolar Process ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; DNA ; Follow-Up Studies ; Genotype ; Gingiva ; Human papillomavirus 16 ; Humans ; Lasers, Semiconductor ; Leukoplakia ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Neoplasms ; Outpatients ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

Objective: To compare the clinical effect of diode laser enucleation of the prostate (DIOD) with that of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) on benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) with different prostate volumes. METHODS: This retrospective study included 256 BPH patients treated by DIOD (n = 141) or TURP (n = 115) from March 2012 to August 2015. According to the prostate volume, we divided the patients into three groups: <60 ml (42 for DIOD and 31 for TURP), 60－80 ml (51 for DIOD and 45 for TURP), and >80 ml (48 for DIOD and 39 for TURP). We obtained the relevant data from the patients before, during and at 6 months after surgery, and compared the two surgical strategies in operation time, perioperative levels of hemoglobin and sodium ion, post-operative urethral catheterization time and bladder irrigation time, pre- and post-operative serum PSA levels, International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS), post-void residual urine (PVR) volume and maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), and incidence of post-operative complications among different groups. RESULTS: In the <60 ml group, there were no remarkable differences in the peri- and post-operative parameters between the two surgical strategies. In the 60－80 ml group, DIOD exhibited a significant superiority over TURP in the perioperative levels of hemoglobin (［3.25 ± 1.53］ g/L vs ［4.77 ± 1.67］ g/L, P <0.05) and Na+ (［3.58 ± 1.27］mmol/L vs ［9.67 ± 2.67］ mmol/L, P <0.01), bladder irrigation time (［30.06 ± 6.22］h vs ［58.32 ± 10.25］ h, P <0.01), and urethral catheterization time (［47.61 ± 13.55］ h vs ［68.01 ± 9.69］ h, P <0.01), but a more significant decline than the latter in the postoperative PSA level (［2.34 ± 1.29］ ng/ml vs ［1.09 ± 0.72］ ng/ml, P <0.05), and similar decline was also seen in the >80 ml group (［3.35 ± 1.39］ ng/ml vs ［1.76 ± 0.91］ ng/ml, P <0.05). No blood transfusion was necessitated and nor postoperative transurethral resection syndrome or urethral stricture observed in DIOD. However, the incidence rate of postoperative pseudo-urinary incontinence was significantly higher in the DIOD (22.7%, 32/141) than in the TURP group (7.83%, 9/115) (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS DIOD, with its obvious advantages of less blood loss, higher safety, faster recovery, and more definite short-term effectiveness, is better than TURP in the treatment of BPH with medium or large prostate volume and similar to the latter with small prostate volume.
Humans ; Lasers, Semiconductor ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Operative Time ; Organ Size ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Prostate ; pathology ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; pathology ; surgery ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies ; Therapeutic Irrigation ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; adverse effects ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; Treatment Outcome ; Urethral Stricture ; etiology ; Urinary Catheterization ; Urinary Incontinence ; etiology