The decline in muscle mass and strength in the lower limbs of the elderly can result in reduced exercise capacity and an increased risk of falls and mortality.Blood flow restriction training involves applying external pressure to the proximal end of a limb using a pressure device to restrict blood flow, leading to muscle adaptability similar to that achieved with high load training but at a lower intensity.This method, compared to traditional high load resistance training, offers the advantage of being low in load yet highly efficient.This article provides a summary of the clinical applications, mechanisms of action, and benefits of blood flow restriction training for enhancing lower limb muscle strength in the elderly, serving as a valuable reference for the development of scientifically sound blood flow restriction training programs for this population.