Perimenopausal syndrome(PS)is a series of physiological and psychological symptoms occurring in women around menopause due to decreased or fluctuating estrogen levels,including menstrual disorders,hot flashes with sweating,anxiety and depression,headaches and insomnia,which seriously affect their quality of life.Currently,the main treatment methods for PS are menopausal hormone therapy and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)therapy.Among them,menopausal hormone therapy has a rapid onset of effect,but is often restricted by contraindications to hormone therapy and patient acceptance.TCM therapy,through overall regulation and individualized treatment,has unique advantages in improving symptoms such as hot flashes and emotional disorders,and it has high safety,providing an effective alternative for patients who are unwilling or unsuitable to receive menopausal hormone therapy.However,the unclear explanation of the mechanism and weak evidence-based support for TCM treatment of PS and its complications restrict further application in PS.Therefore,construction of a disease-syndrome combined PS animal model that can accurately simulate complex syndrome evolution patterns and systematically analyze multi-target regulatory mechanisms of TCM is particularly important for investigating PS pathogenesis,drug screening and evaluation,and efficacy assessment of TCM compounds,TCM monomers,and acupuncture treatment.This article summarizes and analyzes recent research on TCM disease-syndrome combined PS animal models from three aspects:the etiology,pathogenesis,treatment methods,and effects;the modeling methods and evaluation indicators of PS animal models;and the application of animal models in TCM treatment of PS.It not only provides scientific support for experimental research using PS animal models in future studies,but also helps deepen the understanding of TCM treatment efficacy and action mechanisms for PS.

Perimenopausal syndrome(PS)is a series of physiological and psychological symptoms occurring in women around menopause due to decreased or fluctuating estrogen levels,including menstrual disorders,hot flashes with sweating,anxiety and depression,headaches and insomnia,which seriously affect their quality of life.Currently,the main treatment methods for PS are menopausal hormone therapy and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)therapy.Among them,menopausal hormone therapy has a rapid onset of effect,but is often restricted by contraindications to hormone therapy and patient acceptance.TCM therapy,through overall regulation and individualized treatment,has unique advantages in improving symptoms such as hot flashes and emotional disorders,and it has high safety,providing an effective alternative for patients who are unwilling or unsuitable to receive menopausal hormone therapy.However,the unclear explanation of the mechanism and weak evidence-based support for TCM treatment of PS and its complications restrict further application in PS.Therefore,construction of a disease-syndrome combined PS animal model that can accurately simulate complex syndrome evolution patterns and systematically analyze multi-target regulatory mechanisms of TCM is particularly important for investigating PS pathogenesis,drug screening and evaluation,and efficacy assessment of TCM compounds,TCM monomers,and acupuncture treatment.This article summarizes and analyzes recent research on TCM disease-syndrome combined PS animal models from three aspects:the etiology,pathogenesis,treatment methods,and effects;the modeling methods and evaluation indicators of PS animal models;and the application of animal models in TCM treatment of PS.It not only provides scientific support for experimental research using PS animal models in future studies,but also helps deepen the understanding of TCM treatment efficacy and action mechanisms for PS.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical results of continuing skeletal traction and impaction granular bone grafting via window in femoral neck for the treatment of avascular necrosis of femoral head.

METHODSFrom August 2000 to October 2004, 23 patients (35 hips) with femoral head necrosis were treated by continuing skeletal traction and impacting granular bone grafting via bone window on femoral neck. There were 18 males, 5 females, with an average age of 32 years ranging from 19 to 52 years, which included 7 hips of stage II, 28 hips of stage III. All patients had various degrees of hip joint pain and suffered from limited hip motion. The necrotic bone, granulation tissue and hardening zone were completely cleaned via bone window on the femoral neck. The autogenous granular iliac bone was grafted, and impacted persistently. Skeletal traction through femur condyles was applied continually after the operations. The effects before and after operation were compared by the hip pain, function, joint activity and X-ray.

RESULTSRegular follow-up was carried out after the patients were dismissed from the hospital. The follow-up period was 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, 5 years respectively. According to Wang's standard, the average score was increased from (52.66 +/- 12.53) preoperatively to (88.94 +/- 5.84) preoperatively at half a year, (89.78 +/- 6.18) at 1 year, (86.37 +/- 7.46) at 2 years, (84.08 +/- 7.57) at 3 years, (83.76 +/- 8.08) at 4 years, and (76.83 +/- 8.98) at 5 years. Scores of operation were greatly increased and the difference had statistical significance.

CONCLUSIONContinuing skeletal traction after the operation, completely cleaning the necrotic bone and impacting granular bone grafting via window on femoral neck can greatly raise the satisfactory rate of clinical effect and delay the progression of disease for avascular necrosis of femoral head.

Adult ; Bone Transplantation ; methods ; Female ; Femur Head Necrosis ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Femur Neck ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged