ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the dynamic changes in general body parameters, blood glucose, and blood lipid profiles in obese cynomolgus monkeys, exploring the correlations among these parameters and providing a reference for research on the obese cynomolgus monkey model. Methods30 normal male cynomolgus monkeys aged 5 - 17 years old (with body mass index < 35 kg/m² and glycated hemoglobin content < 4.50%) and 99 spontaneously obese male cynomolgus monkeys (with body mass index ≥35 kg/m² and glycated hemoglobin content < 4.50%) were selected. Over a period of three years, their abdominal circumference, skinfold thickness, body weight, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and four blood lipid indicators were monitored. The correlations between each indicator were analyzed using repeated measurement ANOVA, simple linear regression, and multiple linear regression correlation analysis method. Results Compared to the control group, the obese group exhibited significantly higher levels of abdominal circumference, skinfold thickness, body weight, body mass index, and triglyceride (P＜0.05). In the control group, skinfold thickness increased annually, while other indicators remained stable. Compared with the first year, the obese group showed significantly increased abdominal circumference, skinfold thickness, body weight, body mass index, triglyceride, and fasting blood glucose in the second year(P＜0.05), with this increasing trend persisting in the third year (P＜0.05). In the control group, the obesity incidence rates in the second and third years were 16.67% and 23.33%, respectively, while the prevalence of diabetes remained at 16.67%. In the obese group, the diabetes incidence rates were 29.29% and 44.44% in years 2 and 3, respectively. Among the 11-13 year age group, the incidence rates were 36.36% and 44.68%, while for the group older than 13 years, the rates were 28.13% and 51.35%. Correlation analysis revealed significant associations (P＜0.05) between fasting blood glucose and age, abdominal circumference, skinfold thickness, body weight, and triglyceride in the diabetic monkeys. Conclusion Long-term obesity can lead to the increases in general physical indicators and fasting blood glucose levels in cynomolgus monkeys, and an increase in the incidence of diabetes. In diabetic cynomolgus monkeys caused by obesity, there is a high correlation between their fasting blood glucose and age, weight, abdominal circumference, skinfold thickness, and triglyceride levels, which is of some significance for predicting the occurrence of spontaneous diabetes.

OBJECTIVE To optimize the optimum processing technology of vinegar-processed Artemisiae Argyi Folium(AAF),and analyze the difference of index components and analgesic activity before and after processing.METHODS The method for the determination of total flavonoids and total terpenes in AAF was established with eupatilin and Santamarine as control substances,re-spectively.The HPLC-VWD method was established for the simultaneous determination of 6-Methoxytricin,Santamarine,eupatilin and Artemisolide in AAF.Box-Behnken design-response surface method was used to optimize the processing technology of vinegar-processed AAF,with the content of total flavonoids,total terpenes and four active ingredients as the index,and the amount of rice vin-egar,moistening time,processing temperature and processing time as the factors.The quantitative analysis was combined with hierar-chical cluster analysis(HCA),principal component analysis(PCA)and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)to evaluate the difference of index components before and after processing.The analgesic activity before and after processing was investigated using pain mice induced by formalin.RESULTS The optimum processing parameters of vinegar-processed AAF were 16%rice vinegar dosage,moistening time 50 min,processing temperature 160℃and processing time 12 min.There were significant differences in the content of index components before and after processing.The analgesic activity of vinegar-processed AAF was signifi-cantly better than that of AAF.CONCLUSION The optimized processing technology is stable and feasible,which can provide scien-tific basis for standardizing production of vinegar-processed AAF.

OBJECTIVE To optimize the optimum processing technology of vinegar-processed Artemisiae Argyi Folium(AAF),and analyze the difference of index components and analgesic activity before and after processing.METHODS The method for the determination of total flavonoids and total terpenes in AAF was established with eupatilin and Santamarine as control substances,re-spectively.The HPLC-VWD method was established for the simultaneous determination of 6-Methoxytricin,Santamarine,eupatilin and Artemisolide in AAF.Box-Behnken design-response surface method was used to optimize the processing technology of vinegar-processed AAF,with the content of total flavonoids,total terpenes and four active ingredients as the index,and the amount of rice vin-egar,moistening time,processing temperature and processing time as the factors.The quantitative analysis was combined with hierar-chical cluster analysis(HCA),principal component analysis(PCA)and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)to evaluate the difference of index components before and after processing.The analgesic activity before and after processing was investigated using pain mice induced by formalin.RESULTS The optimum processing parameters of vinegar-processed AAF were 16%rice vinegar dosage,moistening time 50 min,processing temperature 160℃and processing time 12 min.There were significant differences in the content of index components before and after processing.The analgesic activity of vinegar-processed AAF was signifi-cantly better than that of AAF.CONCLUSION The optimized processing technology is stable and feasible,which can provide scien-tific basis for standardizing production of vinegar-processed AAF.

Rehmannia glutinosa,belonging to the genus Rehmannia(family Scrophulariaceae),is a widely used Chinese medical herb that is included in the list of medicine and food homology substances in China.First described in Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica,it has been widely used clinically now.Mainly produced in Henan,Hebei,Shandong and Shanxi,the Rehmannia glutinosa in Huaiqing Prefecture(an ancient administrative district)of Henan is the most authentic,and it is listed as one of the four famous Chinese herbs produced in the Huaiqing area.In recent years,with the comprehensive and in-depth study of Rehmannia glutinosa by scholars at home and abroad,its diverse chemical constituents,extensive pharmacological actions,development and application have attracted much attention.In this paper,the relevant literature on the main chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Rehmannia glutinosa is reviewed,in order to provide references for related research.

Chuanxiong Rhizoma,the dried rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.(Umbelliferae),has the effects of ac-tivating blood,promoting the circulation of Qi,dispelling pathogenic wind,and relieving pain.Chuanxiong Rhizoma contains phthalides,alkaloids,phenolic acids,and polysaccharides.Pharmacological research indicates that Chuanxiong Rhizoma has various pharmacological activities on the cardiovascular system,nervous system,and respiratory system,which are mainly manifested as anti-cerebral ischemia,anti-thrombosis,analgesia,anti-inflammation,antioxidation,and anti-asthma effects.In this paper,the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Chuanxiong Rhizoma are systematically summarized in order to provide references for its clinical application and resource development.

Abetalipoproteinemia ; Cilia ; Humans ; Kartagener Syndrome

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy of open supracondylar osteotomy of the femoral condyle for the treatment of valgus knee osteoarthritis.

METHODSFrom April 2008 to June 2015, 21 patients with valgus knee osteoarthritis underwent an open wedge femoral supracondylar osteotomy using the distal femur dissection plates combined with autologous iliac bone graft for the bone defect. There were 8 males (8 knees) and 13 females (15 knees), ranging in age from 30 to 54 years old, with a mean age of 41.2 years old. All the patients had valgus deformity and knee joint pain in the lateral compartment. The average tibiofemoral angle was (162.0±2.6)° which was measured on the image of preoperative lower extremity weight-bearing X-ray. Clinical outcomes were comprehensively assessed according to the bone healing time, postoperative complications, progress of knee osteoarthritis after operation, the Hospital for Special Surgery rating system (HSS), and tibiofemoral angle before and after operation.

RESULTSAll 21 patients were followed up, the valgus deformity of knee joint was corrected in all patients after operation. No obvious delayed union or nonunion were found, and no serious complications were found. The HSS knee score was improved from the preoperative 57.3±3.1 to the final follow-up time 88.6±2.7. Tibiofemoral angle was improved to the postoperative(176.0±1.4)°.

CONCLUSIONSOpen wedge femoral supracondylar osteotomy has a clear surgical approach, and it is easy to control the bone mass of osteotomy and can effectively correct the valgus deformity and improve the function of knee joint using this method. It is an effective method for the treatment of valgus knee osteoarthritis in young and middle-aged patients.