OBJECTIVE: To study the efficacy and safety of lactase additive in improving lactose intolerance in preterm infants. METHODS: A total of 60 preterm infants with lactose intolerance who were admitted to the Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2018 to December 2019 were randomly divided into a lactase treatment group and a control group, with 30 infants in each group. The infants in the lactase treatment group were given 4 drops of lactase additive (180 mg) added into preterm formula or breast milk, and those in the control group were given placebo, oral administration of probiotics (live combined RESULTS: Finally 29 infants in the lactase treatment group and 26 infants in the control group completed the trial. At the end of the first week after intervention, compared with the control group, the lactase treatment group had significantly lower frequency of daily milk vomiting and gastric retention amount ( CONCLUSIONS Lactase additive can safely and effectively improve the clinical symptoms caused by lactose intolerance in preterm infants.
China ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Lactase ; Lactose ; Lactose Intolerance/drug therapy* ; Prospective Studies

OBJECTIVES: To study the association between milk consumption and lactose malabsorption in Indonesian children aged 3-12 years. METHODS: This cross sectional study was conducted in randomly selected presumed healthy children with good nutritional status aged 3-12 years in Central Jakarta, Indonesia ( RESULTS: The prevalence of lactose malabsorption in children aged 3-5 years and children aged 6-12 years was 20.8% (15/72) and 35.3% (36/102), respectively. There was no association between milk or milk product consumption and lactose malabsorption ( CONCLUSIONS There is no association between milk consumption and lactose malabsorption in Indonesian children aged 3-12 years, suggesting that genetic predisposition may be more important than adaptive mechanisms to lactose consumption.
Animals ; Breath Tests ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Indonesia/epidemiology* ; Lactose Intolerance/epidemiology* ; Milk

Patients with a functional gastrointestinal disorder (FGID) frequently report abdominal discomfort and bloating after ingesting specific foods. However, evidence on the relationship between foods and symptoms is lacking. In addition, the diagnosis of food hypersensitivity and food intolerance does not seem to be established yet. Food hypersensitivity can be divided into immunologically mediated and non-immunologically mediated forms. The immunologically mediated forms are specifically termed food allergies, whereas the non-immunologically mediated forms are referred to as food intolerances. Various diagnostic tools are required to make an accurate diagnosis of a food allergy or a food intolerance. First, a thorough examination of the history and basic tests to rule out other organic diseases are needed. Next, diagnostic tests for immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergies are required and diseases, such as celiac disease and lactose intolerance, should be differentiated. A diagnosis for non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is also required. A double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, dietary challenge test can be used for diagnosing NCGS and food intolerance. Diagnostic tests for food intolerance, in which scientific evidence is lacking, may result in a misdiagnosis of food hypersensitivity or food intolerance in patients with a FGID. Therefore, an accurate diagnosis of food hypersensitivity or food intolerance based on reliable tests is required.
Celiac Disease ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic Errors ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Food Hypersensitivity ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; Glutens ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; Lactose Intolerance

PURPOSE: Lactose intolerance (LI) is perceived to be frequent in Asia and has been reported to have considerable impact on dietary intake, nutritional status and the quality of life. We aimed to gather information from healthcare professionals on the perceived incidence, diagnosis and management of LI in 1 to 5 year old children in Southeast Asia. METHODS: An anonymous electronic survey was sent randomly among healthcare professionals registered in the database of the pediatric societies in Thailand, Indonesia, and Singapore between June and October 2016. RESULTS: In total, 259 health care professionals responded of which 45.5% (n=118) were from Thailand, 37.4% (n=97) from Indonesia and 16.9% (n=44) from Singapore. Of the participants who responded (n=248), primary LI prevalence among children 1 to 3 years of age was estimated to be less than 5% by 56.8%. However, about 18.9% (n=47) answered they did not know/unsure. Regarding secondary LI, 61.6% of respondents (n=153) estimated the prevalence to be less than 15%. But again, 10.8% (n=27) answered they did not know or unsure. Rotavirus gastroenteritis was ranked as the top cause for secondary LI. There was considerable heterogeneity in the diagnostic methods used. The majority of respondents (75%) recommended lactose-free milk to manage primary and secondary LI. CONCLUSION: More education/training of pediatricians on this topic and further epidemiological studies using a more systematic approach are required.
Anonyms and Pseudonyms ; Asia ; Asia, Southeastern ; Child* ; Delivery of Health Care ; Diagnosis ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Far East* ; Gastroenteritis ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Incidence ; Indonesia ; Lactose Intolerance* ; Lactose* ; Milk ; Nutritional Status ; Population Characteristics ; Prevalence* ; Quality of Life ; Rotavirus ; Singapore ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Thailand

OBJECTIVES: This study examined the milk intake patterns with lactose and milk fat in Korean male adults using the following variables: milk intake level, awareness of lactose, and milk fat, health problems, and necessity of milk intake. In addition, the factors affecting milk intake were analyzed by multiple regression analysis. METHODS: The subjects were 532 males aged 20 years or older among the nationwide milk purchasing group. The subjects were 223 (41.9%) in the 20–29 year age group, 188 (35.3%) in the 30–49 year age group and 121(22.7%) in the over 50 year age group. The survey was conducted using ANOVA and multiple comparative analysis to examine the differences in age and multiple regression analysis was performed to investigate the factors affecting the intake of milk. RESULTS: The intake of milk in the subjects was 538.14 ± 494.23 ml per week. There were statistically significant differences in the subjects' age according to processed milk, low fat, nonfat milk, cheese, and ice cream. The perception of milk and lactose and milk fat was recognized as a good food for skeletal health when milk was consumed. Among the milk nutrients, lactose was highly recognized at the age of 20–29, and milk fat was recognized in those over 50 years. In addition to lactose and milk fat, calcium was the most highly recognized among the milk nutrients. Health problems associated with milk were skeletal health, obesity, and lactose intolerance. The perception of lactose intolerance was related to lactose intolerance and fatness, and the dietary behavior was unaffected. CONCLUSIONS: This study examined the milk intake patterns of adult Korean males. Many variables were found to be related to the intake of milk. In this study, the milk intake was high when there was no problem with the perception and dietary behaviors of milk nutrition (lactose and milk fat). This study focused on lactose and milk fat, which are major nutrients in milk, and it is a new perspective study among milk-related research.
Adult ; Calcium ; Cheese ; Humans ; Ice Cream ; Lactose Intolerance ; Lactose ; Male ; Milk ; Obesity

OBJECTIVES: This study examined the milk intake patterns with lactose and milk fat in Korean male adults using the following variables: milk intake level, awareness of lactose, and milk fat, health problems, and necessity of milk intake. In addition, the factors affecting milk intake were analyzed by multiple regression analysis. METHODS: The subjects were 532 males aged 20 years or older among the nationwide milk purchasing group. The subjects were 223 (41.9%) in the 20–29 year age group, 188 (35.3%) in the 30–49 year age group and 121(22.7%) in the over 50 year age group. The survey was conducted using ANOVA and multiple comparative analysis to examine the differences in age and multiple regression analysis was performed to investigate the factors affecting the intake of milk. RESULTS: The intake of milk in the subjects was 538.14 ± 494.23 ml per week. There were statistically significant differences in the subjects' age according to processed milk, low fat, nonfat milk, cheese, and ice cream. The perception of milk and lactose and milk fat was recognized as a good food for skeletal health when milk was consumed. Among the milk nutrients, lactose was highly recognized at the age of 20–29, and milk fat was recognized in those over 50 years. In addition to lactose and milk fat, calcium was the most highly recognized among the milk nutrients. Health problems associated with milk were skeletal health, obesity, and lactose intolerance. The perception of lactose intolerance was related to lactose intolerance and fatness, and the dietary behavior was unaffected. CONCLUSIONS: This study examined the milk intake patterns of adult Korean males. Many variables were found to be related to the intake of milk. In this study, the milk intake was high when there was no problem with the perception and dietary behaviors of milk nutrition (lactose and milk fat). This study focused on lactose and milk fat, which are major nutrients in milk, and it is a new perspective study among milk-related research.
Adult ; Calcium ; Cheese ; Humans ; Ice Cream ; Lactose Intolerance ; Lactose ; Male ; Milk ; Obesity

PURPOSE: The activity of epithelial lactase (LCT) is associated with a polymorphism 13910 bp upstream in the lactase encoding gene. Because the association between the LCT-13910 polymorphism and the risk for colorectal cancer is not clear, we investigated the role of the LCT-13910 polymorphism as a potential risk factor for colorectal cancer and colorectal polyps in the Turkish population. METHODS: One hundred sixty-six subjects (74 with polyps, 44 with colorectal cancer, 48 controls), who had undergone a total colonoscopy between January 2012 and November 2012 in our endoscopy unit were genotyped for the LCT-13910 polymorphism by using the polymerase chain reaction and minisequencing. RESULTS: The CC genotype in the lactose gene 13910 locus, which is accepted as the genetic indicator of lactase deficiency, was determined as 83.7%. The CC genotype rate was determined as 89.1% in patients who had a history of lactose intolerance and 81.5% in those without a history of lactose intolerance (P = 0.236). No difference was detected between the patients who had colorectal polyp(s) and/or cancer and the controls with regard to the LCT-13910 polymorphism. No differences were determined between groups when they were compared with regard to the C or the T allele. CONCLUSION: No differences were detected between the patients who had colorectal polyp(s) and/or cancer and those with normal colonoscopy findings with regard to lactase gene polymorphisms. No differences were determined between the groups when they were compared with regard to the C or the T allele.
Adenocarcinoma ; Alleles ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Endoscopy ; Genotype ; Humans ; Lactase ; Lactose ; Lactose Intolerance ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polyps ; Risk Factors

No abstract available.
Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Lactose Intolerance* ; Lactose*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the development of lactose intolerance in neonates with non-infectious diarrhea and its association with diarrhea, and to evaluate the diagnostic values of fecal pH value and urine galactose determination for neonatal lactase deficiency.

METHODSSeventy hospitalized neonates who developed non-infectious diarrhea between October 2012 and June 2015 were enrolled as the diarrhea group, and 162 hospitalized neonates without non-infectious diarrhea were enrolled as the non-diarrhea group. Test paper was used to determine fecal pH value. The galactose oxidase method was used to detect urine galactose. The neonates with positive galactose oxidase were diagnosed with lactase deficiency, and those with lactase deficiency and diarrhea were diagnosed with lactose intolerance. According to the results of urine galactose detection, 69 neonates in the diarrhea group who underwent urine galactose detection were classified into lactose intolerance group (45 neonates) and lactose tolerance group (24 neonates), and their conditions after treatment were compared between the two groups. The follow-up visits were performed for neonates with diarrhea at 3 months after discharge.

RESULTSFecal pH value and positive rate of urine galactose (65% vs 54%) showed no significant differences between the diarrhea and non-diarrhea groups (P>0.05). Fecal pH value showed no significant difference between the lactose intolerance and lactose tolerance groups (P>0.05), while the neonates in the lactose intolerance group had a significantly longer time to recovery of defecation than those in the lactose tolerance group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe incidence of lactase deficiency is high in neonates, and diarrhea due to lactose intolerance tends to occur. Determination of fecal pH value has no significance in the diagnosis of lactose intolerance in neonates with diarrhea.

Diarrhea, Infantile ; etiology ; Galactose ; urine ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Infant, Newborn ; Lactase ; deficiency ; Lactose Intolerance ; complications

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a multifactorial disorder with the pathogenesis of abnormal gastrointestinal motility, low-grade inflammation, visceral hypersensitivity, communication in the gut-brain axis, and so on. Traditionally, IBS has been treated with dietary and lifestyle modification, fiber supplementation, pharmacological and psychological therapy. Carbohydrates have a range of foods regularly consumed including grains such as rye and wheat, vegetables, fruits, and legumes. Short-chain carbohydrates poorly absorbed exert osmotic effects in the intestinal lumen increasing its water volume, and are rapidly fermented by bacteria with consequent gas production. These effects may be the basis of the beginning of gastrointestinal symptoms. This made the use of lactose-free diets in those with lactose intolerance and of fructose-reduced diets for fructose malabsorption. All dietary poorly absorbed short-chain carbohydrates have similar and additive effects in the intestine, so a concept has been developed to regard them collectively as fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) and to evaluate a dietary approach that restricts them all. Based on observational and comparative studies and on randomized-controlled trials, FODMAPs trigger gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with IBS. Food choice via the low FODMAP and potentially other dietary strategies is now a realistic and efficacious therapeutic approach for symptoms of IBS. In Korea, the strategy of Korean diet for Korean patients with IBS needs apposite to the Korean cases.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Bacteria ; Carbohydrates ; Edible Grain ; Diet* ; Disaccharides ; Fabaceae ; Fructose ; Fruit ; Gastrointestinal Diseases* ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Inflammation ; Intestines ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome* ; Korea ; Lactose Intolerance ; Life Style ; Monosaccharides ; Oligosaccharides ; Secale ; Triticum ; Vegetables ; Water