This study aimed to investigate the relationship between coagulating cold and blood stasis syndrome and glycolysis, and observe the intervention effect of Liangfang Wenjing Decoction(LFWJD) on the expression of key glycolytic enzymes in the uterus and ovaries of rats with coagulating cold and blood stasis. The rat model of coagulating cold and blood stasis syndrome was established by ice-water bath. After modeling, the quantitative scoring of symptoms were performed, and according to the scoring results, the rats were randomly divided into a model group and LFWJD low-, medium-and high-dose groups(4.7, 9.4, 18.8 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)), with 10 in each group. Another 10 rats were selected as the blank group. After 4 weeks of continuous administration by gavage, the quantitative scoring of symptoms was repeated. Laser speckle flowgraphy was used to detect the changes of microcirculation in the ears and uterus of rats in each group. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining was used to observe the pathological morphology of uterus and ovaries of rats in each group. The mRNA and protein expressions of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1(PDK1), hexokinase 2(HK2) and lactate dehydrogenase A(LDHA) in the uterus and ovaries of rats were examined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR) and Western blot, respectively. The rats in the model group showed signs of coagulating cold and blood stasis syndrome, such as curl-up, less movement, thickened veins under the tongue, and reduced blood perfusion in the microcirculation of the ears and uterus, and HE staining revealed a thinning of the endometrium with disorganized arrangement of epithelial cells and a decrease in the number of ovarian follicles. Compared with the model group, the treatment groups had alleviated coagulating cold and blood stasis, which was manifested as red tongue, reduced nail swelling, no blood stasis at the tail end as well as increased blood perfusion of the microcirculation in the ears and uterus(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Among the groups, the LFWJD medium-and high-dose groups had the most significant improvement in coagulating cold and blood stasis, with neatly arranged columnar epithelial cells in uterus, and the number of ovarian follicles was higher than that in the model group, especially mature follicles. The mRNA and protein expressions of PDK1, HK2, LDHA in uterus and ovaries were up-regulated in the model group(P<0.05 or P<0.01), while down-regulated in LFWJD medium-and high-dose groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01). The LFWJD low-dose group presented a decrease in the mRNA expressions of PDK1, HK2 and LDHA in uterus and ovaries as well as in the protein expressions of HK2 and LDHA in uterus and HK2 and PDK1 in ovaries(P<0.05 or P<0.01). The therapeutic mechanism of LFWJD against coagulating cold and blood stasis syndrome is related to the down-regulation of key glycolytic enzymes PDK1, HK2 and LDHA, and the inhibition of glycolytic activities in uterus and ovaries.
Female ; Animals ; Rats ; Ovary ; Uterus ; Ovarian Follicle ; Lactate Dehydrogenase 5 ; Glycolysis

To determine expression of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)-5 in non-Hodgkin lymphoma and its clinical significance.
 Methods: LDH-5 levels and LDH levels in NHL patients were examined by agarose gel electrophoresis and enzymatic method (n=63), respectively. Positive rates of LDH-5 and LDH were statistically analyzed.
 Results: The median age of NHL patients was 56(19-84) years old, including 36 males and 27 females. The positive numbers for LDH-5 and LDH in the initial treatment group (n=43) were significantly different (P<0.05). There was significant difference in 22 cases of diffuse large B cell lymphoma and in 9 cases of T cell lymphoma, whereas there was not significant difference in 12 cases of small B cell lymphoma (P>0.05). In 15 cases under the status of progress, the difference of LDH-5 and LDH expressions were not significant (P>0.05), whereas the difference in cases of small B cell lymphoma was significant (P<0.05).
 Conclusion: LDH-5 can be used as an index for NHL to judge the tumor load and to predict the recurrence.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; blood ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Isoenzymes ; metabolism ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Lactate Dehydrogenase 5 ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; genetics ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; genetics ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; genetics ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; genetics ; Prognosis ; Tumor Burden

OBJECTIVES: To describe the clinical course and treatment response of a case of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) after a month of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) and immunosuppressive agents and to review related published literature regarding TTP and its response to TPE and immunosuppressive agents.
CASE AND DISCUSSION: A 64-year-old female presented with fever, bicytopenia, change in sensorium, and seizure of one day duration. Metabolic panel showed normal electrolytes with normal brain imaging. Hematologic work-up showed anemia, thrombocytopenia and leukocytosis with normal differential count. Reticulocyte was elevated. Peripheral smear showed significant schistocytes with nucleated red blood cells and marked thrombocytopenia. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura was the initial consideration with the fulfilment of four out of the pentad of TTP, namely: microangiopathichaemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, fever and neurologic symptoms. Therapeutic plasma exchange was immediately initiated with daily platelet count and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) determination to assess response. However, despite daily plasma exchanges and continuous plasma infusion, there was inadequate response. In this light, immunosuppressive agents were started in the following order: high dose methylprednisolone, weekly rituximab and intravenous cyclophosphamide. On the 31st hospital day, after daily TPE and combined immunosuppression, she achieved complete response with a platelet count of 170 X 109/L to 250 X 109/L (baseline-14 X 109/L) and LDH 227U/L (baseline-1,191 U/L).
CONCLUSION: This study presented a challenging case of TTP which was successfully treated with the standard of care together with the available adjunctive treatment options.

Human ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Plasma Exchange ; Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic ; Rituximab ; Thymidine 5'-triphosphate ; Lactate Dehydrogenase 1 ; Isoenzymes ; L-lactate Dehydrogenase ; Anemia

OBJECTIVETo determine the effect of berberine (Ber) on norepinephrine (NE)-induced apoptosis in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes.

METHODSThe cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were treated with NE in the presence or absence of Ber. The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the culture medium was examined, and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes was assessed by Hoechst 33258, isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated annexin-V, and propidine iodide (PI) staining. In addition, the activities of caspases-2 and-3 were measured by a fluorescent assay kit. The level of secreted tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were also determined.

RESULTSNE at a concentration of 50 μ mol/L induced an obvious increase in the activity of LDH in the culture medium (P<0.05), which was inhibited by coincubation with 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 μ mol/L Ber (P<0.05). Ber also significantly attenuated NE-induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.01). Moreover, Ber at a dose of 2 μ mol/L markedly decreased the ROS and TNF-α productions (P <0.05) and inhibited the activation of caspases-2 and -3 in cardiomyocytes exposed to NE (P<0.05)h.

CONCLUSIONThe present study suggested that Ber could reduce NE-induced apoptosis in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes through inhibiting the ROS-TNF-α-caspase signaling pathway.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Annexin A5 ; metabolism ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Berberine ; pharmacology ; Caspase 2 ; metabolism ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Caspases ; metabolism ; Cell Nucleus ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Cell Shape ; drug effects ; DNA ; metabolism ; Enzyme Activation ; drug effects ; Flow Cytometry ; Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate ; metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; drug effects ; enzymology ; pathology ; Norepinephrine ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; CD3 Complex ; metabolism ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5 ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Gene Rearrangement, T-Lymphocyte ; Humans ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mutation ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Vincristine ; therapeutic use