Objective: To explore effects of cumulative family risk in university students on individuals internalizing problems, to elucidate the mediating roles of perceived social support and self esteem in the relationship, so as to provide a basis for promoting university student s mental health. Methods: Using longitudinal design, 1 207 freshmen from a university in Tianjin were randomly selected and surveyed in November 2023 (T1) and November 2024 (T2). The instruments included the Cumulative Family Risk Scale, the Perceived Social Support Scale, the Self esteem Scale, and the College Student Mental Health Screening Scale. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was constructed, with Bootstrap method used to test mediating effects and to examine gender differences. Results: The results showed that cumulative family risk at T1 with internalizing problems at T1( r =0.30) and internalizing problems at T2 ( r =0.32) were significantly positively correlated (both P <0.01). Mediation analysis indicated that the independent mediating effect of perceived social support at T1，cumulative family risk at T1 and internalizing problems at T2 was 0.03 (95% CI =0.02-0.05), and the independent mediating effect of self esteem at T1 was 0.08 (95% CI = 0.06 -0.10) (both P <0.05). The chain mediating effect of perceived social support and self esteem at T1 was 0.02 (95% CI =0.02-0.03) ( P <0.05). Significant gender differences were observed in the path from cumulative family risk to self esteem ( β male =-0.24, β female =-0.35) and in the path from perceived social support to self esteem ( β male =0.41, β female =0.25) (all P <0.05). Conclusion Cumulative family risk reduces internalizing behaviors in university students via internal and external development resources, with gender specific mechanisms.

Given the increasing concern regarding antibacterial resistance, the antimicrobial properties of naphthoquinones have recently attracted significant attention. While 1,4-naphthoquinone and its derivatives have been extensively studied, the antibacterial properties of 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives remain relatively unexplored. This study presents a comprehensive in vitro and in vivo analysis of the antibacterial activity of 35 naturally sourced and chemically synthesized derivatives of 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone. Kirby-Bauer antibiotic testing identified three compounds with activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), with one compound (PNP-02) demonstrating activity comparable to vancomycin in minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and time-kill assays. Microscopic and biochemical analyses revealed that PNP-02 adversely affects the cell wall and cell membrane of MRSA. Mechanistic investigations, including proteomic sequencing analyses, Western blotting, and RT-qPCR assays, indicated that PNP-02 compromises cell membrane integrity by inhibiting arginine biosynthesis and pyrimidine metabolism pathways, thereby increasing membrane permeability and inducing bacterial death. In an in vivo mouse model of skin wound healing, PNP-02 exhibited antibacterial efficacy similar to vancomycin. The compound demonstrated low toxicity to cultured human cells and in hemolysis assays and remained stable during serum incubation. These findings suggest that PNP-02 possesses promising bioactivity against MRSA and represents a potential novel antibacterial agent.
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/genetics* ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry* ; Naphthoquinones/administration & dosage* ; Animals ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Mice ; Humans ; Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology* ; Molecular Structure

Background The residues of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) in aquatic environments have become an increasingly prominent urban pollution issue, attracting widespread attention. The analysis of PPCPs pollution in water environments holds profound implications in Zhengzhou, a strategically important city in central China. Objective To analyze the pollution characteristics of PPCPs, such as antidepressants and antibiotics, in rivers of Zhengzhou and assess associated ecological risk. Methods Water samples were collected from three rivers of Zhengzhou, and 13 PPCPs (5 antibiotics and 8 antidepressants) were analyzed quantitatively by high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) after automatic solid phase extraction. Risk quotient (RQ) was applied to assess ecological risk of PPCPs with high concentration. Results The primary antibiotics pollutants were norfloxacin and ofloxacin, both with a detection rate of 100%. Among antidepressants, venlafaxine and citalopram showed the highest detection rates at 92.3% and 88.5%, respectively. The detected antibiotics with the highest average concentrations included ofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole with concentrations of 99.8 ng·L⁻¹and 96.2 ng·L⁻¹, respectively, while antidepressants venlafaxine and citalopram were detected with the highest average concentrations of 15.2 ng·L⁻¹and 1.35 ng·L⁻¹, respectively. The inter-river comparisons revealed statistically significant differences in contaminant loads (P<0.05). The sums of average PPCP concentrations at sampling points in the Jialu River and Suoxu River were 83.4 ng·L⁻¹ and 100.4 ng·L⁻¹, respectively. The Xiaoqing River exhibited higher pollution levels than both the Jialu and Suoxu Rivers, with a total average concentration of 478.4 ng·L⁻¹, where ofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole were identified as the predominant pollutants. The results of ecological risk assessment indicated the RQ contributed by sulfamethoxazole ranged between 0.50−0.95 in the Xiaoqing River, suggesting a controllable risk but requiring prioritized mitigation strategies. The RQ values of norfloxacin were distributed within the range of 0.10-0.30, indicating a moderate ecological risk. The RQ values for ofloxacin and venlafaxine remained below 0.10, indicating a lower risk level. Conclusion PPCPs contamination is positive in the rivers of Zhengzhou, and sulfamethoxazole and ofloxacin are the primary cantaminants. The Xiaoqing River exhibits the highest pollution levels. The initial risk assessment show that sulfamethoxazole and norfloxacin pose potential ecological risks, requiring prioritized contamination management.

Cardiovascular disease(CVD)is the leading cause of non communicable disease mortality in China,and its prevalence rate is increasing year by year,which has become the number one"killer"of human health.Studies have shown that apolipoprotein B(ApoB),as a risk factor for CVD,has certain advantages in assessing the progression of CVD.It can directly measure the number of low-density lipoprotein(LDL)parti-cles,and the test is not subject to fasting,so it can be used as the main measurement index for screening,diag-nosis and management of CVD.Therefore,this paper provides a review of the characteristics of ApoB,SWOT analysis of ApoB for CVD risk assessment,methods to reduce ApoB level and its role in CVD risk prediction,with a view to contributing to the clinical application of ApoB in CVD risk assessment,and better assisting in the early detection,prevention,and treatment of cardiovascular disease.

Myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS)is a malignant clonal disease with high heterogeneity in cytogenetics and molecular genetics,and the risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia(AML)is extremely high.Transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)is closely related to the pathogenesis of MDS.It is a key executor of immune homeostasis and immune tolerance,and can inhibit the expansion and function of many components of immune system.TGF-β signaling pathway can regulate hematopoietic cells and immune cells in microenvironment,inhibit their normal biological functions,and thus accelerate the progression of MDS.This study reviews regulatory effects of TGF-β signaling pathway on MDS blood cells,T lymphocytes,natural killer cells and macrophages in recent years,and provides a new perspective for the pathogenesis and treatment of MDS.

Methods: CHB patients and healthy volunteers were enrolled from Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between August 21, 2018 and December 31, 2020. They were divided into three groups: healthy group, LGDHS group, and latent syndrome (LP) group. Proteomic analysis using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) was performed to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Metabolomic profiling via ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was applied to serum samples to detect differentially regulated metabolites (DMs). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment were employed to explore dysregulated pathways. Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were utilized to visualize group separation and identify key metabolites and proteins contributing to LGDHS differentiation. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis evaluated the diagnostic performance of key biomarkers, while logistic regression models assessed their predictive accuracy. P values were corrected for multiple tests using the Benjamini-Hochberg method to control the false discovery rate (FDR). Validation of potential biomarkers was conducted using independent microarray data and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Results: A total of 150 participants were enrolled, including healthy group (n = 45), LGDHS group (n = 60), and LP group (n = 45). 254 DEPs from proteomics data and 72 DMs from metabolomic profiling were identified by PCA and OPLS-DA. DEPs were mainly enriched in immune and complement pathways, while DMs involved in amino acid and energy metabolism. The integrated analysis identified seven key biomarkers: α1-acid glycoprotein (ORM1), asparagine synthetase (ASNS), solute carrier family 27 member 5 (SLC27A5), glucosidase II alpha subunit (GANAB), hexokinase 2 (HK2), 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase (MTR), and maltase-glucoamylase (MGAM). Microarray validation confirmed the diagnostic potential of these genes, with area under the curve (AUC) values for ROC analysis ranging from 0.536 to 0.759. Among these, ORM1, ASNS, and SLC27A5 showed significant differential ability in differentiating LGDHS patients (P = 0.016, P = 0.035, and P < 0.001, respectively), with corresponding AUC of 0.749, 0.743, and 0.759, respectively. A logistic regression model incorporating these three genes demonstrated an AUC of 0.939, indicating a high discriminatory power for LGDHS. RT-qPCR further validated the differential expression of ORM1 and SLC27A5 between LGDHS and LP groups (P = 0.011 and P = 0.034, respectively), with ASNS showing a consistent trend in expression (P = 0.928). Conclusion This study integrates multi-omics approaches to uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying LGDHS in CHB. The identification of biomarkers ORM1, ASNS, and SLC27A5 offers a solid basis for the objective diagnosis of LGDHS, contributing to the standardization and modernization of TCM diagnostic practices.

Herb-induced liver injury (HILI) is a type of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) caused by Chinese herb medicines, natural medicines or their related preparations. With the increasing number of reports on HILI events in recent years, traditional Chinese medicine is facing great challenges and controversies. Compared to other types of DILI, HILI is more complicated in terms of diagnosis and risk factors.This article reviews the current research status on the herb-induced liver injury.

Objectives:To explore the impact of intensive lipid-lowering strategy on short-term prognosis of acute coronary syndrome(ACS)patients with multi-vessel disease. Methods:A total of 136 ACS patients with multi-vessel disease who received coronary stenting at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from August 2019 to November 2020 were enrolled in this study.Patients were divided into intensive lipid-lowering group(control low density lipoprotein cholesterol[LDL-C]below 1.0 mmol/L within 3 months,and continuously meet the standards within 12 months,n=69)or standard lipid-lowering group(gradually control LDL-C below 1.4 mmol/L within one year,n=67).The total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),LDL-C,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),and lipoprotein(a)(Lp[a])data were collected.Incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE,including cardiac death,myocardial infarction,target vessel revascularization and stroke)were observed during 12 months of follow up. Results:The baseline data of the intensive lipid-lowering group and the standard lipid-lowering group were consistent before intervention.At the timeline of enrollment,there was no statistically significant difference in the blood lipid profiles(including TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C)between the two groups.After 3-months,patients in the intensive lipid-lowering group experienced significantly lower TC,TG,LDL-C and Lp(a)compared with baseline values(all P<0.05),while HDL-C remained unchanged(P>0.05).The standard lipid-lowering group showed a significant decrease in TC and LDL-C compared with baseline values(both P<0.05).The TC and LDL-C levels were significantly lower in the intensive lipid-lowering group than in the standard lipid-lowering group at 3/6/12 months follow up after discharge(all P<0.01).At 12 months follow-up,Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the incidence of MACE was significantly lower in the intensive lipid-lowering group than in the standard lipid-lowering group(2.90%vs.14.93%,χ2=6.090,P=0.014).Multiple Cox regression analysis revealed that the intensive lipid-lowering strategy significantly reduced the risk of MACE compared with the standard lipid-lowering strategy(HR=0.177,95%CI:0.037-0.838,P=0.029). Conclusions:Our data show that intensive lipid-lowering strategy may probably reduce the incidence of short-term MACE in ASC patients with multi-vessel disease.Large-scale prospective multi-center studies are needed to further validate these results.

The incidence of osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral fracture (OTLVF) in the elderly is gradually increasing. The kyphotic deformity caused by various factors has become an important characteristic of OTLVF and has received increasing attention. Its clinical manifestations include pain, delayed nerve damage, sagittal imbalance, etc. Currently, the definition and diagnosis of OTLVF with kyphotic deformity in the elderly are still unclear. Although there are many treatment options, they are controversial. Existing guidelines or consensuses pay little attention to this type of fracture with kyphotic deformity. To this end, the Lumbar Education Working Group of the Spine Branch of the Chinese Medicine Education Association and Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized the experts in the relevant fields to jointly develop Clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral fractures with kyphotic deformity in the elderly ( version 2024), based on evidence-based medical advancements and the principles of scientificity, practicality, and advanced nature, which provided 18 recommendations to standardize the clinical diagnosis and treatment.