Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiangtang was first recorded in the Treatise on Cold Damage （Shang Han Lun）. This prescription is composed of Bupleuri Radix， Scutellariae Radix， Cinnamomi Ramulus， Zingiberis Rhizoma， Trichosanthis Radix， Ostreae Concha， and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. It has the effects of soothing Lesser Yang， warming the spleen， and stimulating the generation of body fluid. It is mainly used to treat digestive tract diseases such as chronic cholecystitis （CC）， irritable bowel syndrome， and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Dyspepsia caused by CC presents a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain， poor appetite， postprandial fullness， aversion to greasy food， soft stool， and bitter mouth， being a type of biliary dyspepsia. In modern medicine， dyspepsia caused by CC is mainly managed by medical treatment and surgical treatment. Internal medicine mainly focuses on reducing inflammation， promoting the function of gallbladder， resolving stones， alleviating spasms， and relieving the pain for CC， demonstrating definite short-term efficacy but suffering from single effects， high recurrence rate， and poor compliance. Although surgical treatment can cure cholecystitis， it is accompanied by the increased incidence of adverse events such as abdominal pain， diarrhea， and dyspepsia. Modern clinical studies have confirmed that Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiangtang can significantly alleviate the symptoms such as abdominal pain and dyspepsia of CC patients. Pharmacological studies have found that Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiangtang mainly contains active ingredients such as Bupleuri Radix saponins， baicalin， cinnamaldehyde， gingerol， Trichosanthis Radix polysaccharide， Ostreae Concha polysaccharide， and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma total flavonoids. Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiangtang can ameliorate the symptoms of dyspepsia caused by CC by inhibiting inflammatory responses， improving gallbladder contraction and gastrointestinal motility， regulating the bile acid-intestinal flora axis and the brain-gut axis， and modulating blood lipids through multiple targets. By reviewing the previous literature， this article summarizes the research progress in the treatment of dyspepsia caused by CC with Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiangtang and its main active ingredients as well as the pathogenesis of this disease and puts forward the shortcomings and improvement strategies for the current research. The review aims to provide a reference for the further research on Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiangtang in the treatment of dyspepsia caused by CC.

Objective To explore the number of peripheral blood regulatory T cells (Treg) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its correlation with vascular calcification. Methods This was a single-center, cross-sectional, and observational study. Non-dialysis patients with CKD treated at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University from March 2021 to March 2022 were enrolled. Abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) was assessed using lateral abdominal X-ray. Number of Treg and cytokine levels were measured by flow cytometry. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the related factors for AAC in CKD patients. Results A total of 83 patients were included, aged 17–86 years, with 57 males (68.7%). The distribution of CKD stages was as follows: stage G1 in 7 patients (8.4%), stage G2 in 17 patients (20.5%), stage G3 in 21 patients (25.3%), stage G4 in 19 patients (22.9%), and stage G5 in 19 patients (22.9%). No AAC was observed in patients with stages G1 and G2, while the prevalence of AAC in patients with stages G3, G4, and G5 was 23.8%, 21.1%, and 26.3%, respectively. Compared with stage G1 patients, those with stages G3–5 showed decreased number of peripheral blood Treg and elevated levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-17F (P＜0.05). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for number of peripheral blood Treg in predicting AAC in CKD patients was 0.766 (95%CI 0.652–0.879, P＝0.002). Logistic regression analysis showed that decreased number of Treg was related factor for AAC in CKD patients (OR＝0.957, 95%CI 0.922–0.992, P＝0.018). Conclusion As CKD progresses, number of peripheral blood Treg significantly decreases, which is correlated with AAC in CKD patients.

Objective To construct a nomogram model for prediction of constipation risk in adult patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods A total of 780 adult patients with CVD admitted to Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University from June 15, 2025 to August 15, 2025 were prospectively enrolled and randomly divided into a training set and a validation set at a 7∶3 ratio. Risk factors for constipation were identified using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and Firth logistic regressions, and a nomogram model was subsequently constructed in the training set. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the discrimination ability of the model. Calibration curve and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to assess calibration and clinical applicability. The value of model was evaluated in the validation set. Results Among 780 adult patients with CVD, 391 patients (50.1%) developed constipation. Eleven variables were selected by LASSO regression and Firth logistic regression, and a nomogram model was constructed. The ROC curve showed that the AUCs of the model to predict constipation in adult patients with CVD in training and validation sets were 0.881 and 0.883, respectively. Calibration curves and DCA demonstrated good calibration and predictive performance of the model in training and validation sets. Conclusions The nomogram model based on LASSO-Firth logistic regression demonstrates good predictive performance and may serve as a useful tool for identifying adult patients with CVD at high risk of constipation.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Shengyang Juxian Acupuncture Method(mainly with the function of elevating yang to cure prolapse syndrome)combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation(NMES)in treating postpartum diastasis recti abdominis(DRA).Methods A total of 200 patients diagnosed with postpartum DRA at Tangshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital from March 2022 to December 2022 were enrolled and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group using a number list,with 100 cases in each group.The control group received NMES therapy,while the observation group underwent additional Shengyang Juxian Acupuncture Method for 1 month.Clinical efficacy was assessed by comparing inter-recti distance(IRD),abdominal circumference,pelvic floor muscle strength(type Ⅰ and Ⅱ muscle fibers).The Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)scores for low back pain,and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey(SF-36)scores were compared before and after treatment.Results(1)After treatment,both groups showed significant improvements in IRD and abdominal circumference(P＜0.05),with superior outcomes in the observation group,the difference being statistically significant(P＜0.05).(2)Pelvic floor muscle strength of type Ⅰ and Ⅱ fibers markedly improved in both groups,with greater enhancement in the observation group,the difference being statistically significant(P＜0.05).(3)VAS and SF-36 scores significantly improved in both groups(P＜0.05),yet the observation group demonstrated more pronounced improvements,the difference being statistically significant(P＜0.05).(4)The total effective rate was 96.00%(96/100)in the observation group versus 80.00%(80/100)in the control group,with superior outcomes in the observation group,the difference being statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Shengyang Juxian Acupuncture Method combined with NMES effectively promotes rectus abdominis recovery,enhances pelvic floor muscle strength,alleviates low back pain,and improves quality of life in postpartum DRA patients,demonstrating significant clinical efficacy.

Butyrylation(Kbu),as an important post-translational modification(PTM)of proteins,precisely regu-lates various biological behaviors of tumor cells by modulating the structure and function of proteins.Abnormal bu-tyrylation promotes tumor cell proliferation and migration by regulating protein stability,enzyme activity,cell signa-ling pathways,chromatin structure and gene expression,and further participates in tumor occurrence and develop-ment.This review focuses on the role of butyrylation modification in the occurrence and development of various hu-man tumors,aiming to summarize the research progress of butyrylation modification in the field of tumors,and to provide new directions for tumor treatment through the intervention strategies of butyrylation modification.

Objective To analyze the diagnostic value of serum biomarkers in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis complicated by invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.Methods A retrospective collection of laboratory test results,including blood analysis,liver function,lymphocyte counts,and cytokine levels,from 54 patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis and invasive pulmonary aspergillosis admitted to the Third People's Hospital of Kunming between January 2021 and May 2024.Additionally,70 patients with simple pulmonary tuberculosis and 50 healthy individuals were collected as control groups to compare serum biomarker levels across the three groups and analyze relevant factors and diagnostic value for pulmonary tuberculosis patients with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.Results Among different age groups,the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis was 29 cases(53.7％)in youth,15 cases(27.8％)in middle age,and 10 cases(18.5％)in the elderly.In terms of gender distribution,there were 41 males(75.9％)and 13 females(24.1％).The serum levels of CRP(6.85[2.10,27.0])ng/L,PCT(0.05[0.05,0.15])ng/mL,RBC(4.55±0.65)× 1012/L,Hb(129.13±19.10)g/L,TP(66.23±6.82)g/L,ALB(37.03±4.77)g/L,and CHOL(4.30[3.71,4.91])mmol/L in the invasive pulmonary aspergillosis group showed no significant difference compared to the simple tuberculosis group and healthy control group(P＞0.05).The levels of CD3+T,CD4+T,and CD8+T in the invasive pulmonary aspergillosis group were significantly lower than those in the simple tuberculosis group and healthy control group(P＜0.05).The levels of IL-2,IL-4,IL-5,IL-8,IL-10,IL-12p70,IFN-α,and TNF-α in the invasive pulmonary aspergillosis group were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group(P＜0.05);IL-8,IL-12p70,and IFN-α were also higher compared to the simple tuberculosis group,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).Conclusion The population with pulmonary tuberculosis complicated by invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is predominantly male and younger.The serum indicators of infection severity and nutritional status in these patients are similar to those with simple tuberculosis and lack specificity;however,their immune function is significantly lower than that of simple tuberculosis patients.Multiple cytokines are elevated,particularly IL-8,IL-12p70,and IFN-α,which can aid in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis infection.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical phenotype, genotype and genetic characteristics for a patient with unilateral Pigmented paravenous retinochoroidal atrophy (PPRCA) and Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in the contralateral eye. METHODS: A PPRCA pedigree which had presented at the Department of Medical Genetics of the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University in August 2021 was selected as the study subject. Clinical data of the family members were collected. The proband underwent wide-field fundus photography, wide-field autofluorescence, full-field electroretinogram (ff-ERG), visual field testing, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fundus angiography (FFA and ICGA). Blood samples were collected from the proband and family members (parents and two sisters), and buccal mucosal cells were collected from the proband's daughter, and genomic DNA was extracted for each family member. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed on the proband. Candidate variants were verified using Sanger sequencing and pathogenicity analysis. This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ethics No. 2019-134). RESULTS: Wide-angle fundus photography and autofluorescence showed that the right eye was consistent with PPRCA and the left eye with RP. OCT showed that the outer layer of the fovea was intact in the right eye, while disorganized outer segment was found in the fovea of the left eye, and outer segment atrophies outside the fovea were found in both eyes. The amplitudes of ff-ERG decreased significantly in both eyes, and the amplitudes in right eye were slightly higher than those of the left eye. Visual field showed a paracentral arcuate scotoma in the right eye and severe centripetal contraction in the left eye. FFA showed hyperfluorescence in the retinal vein distribution area caused by atrophy of retinal pigment epithelium of the right eye and hypofluorescence related to bone spicule pigmentation, in addition with mottled hypofluorescence of choroid in the left eye. ICGA showed mild paravenous retinochroidal atrophy of the right eye and diffuse choroid capillaries atrophy in the middle and peripheral area of the left eye. WES revealed that the proband had a heterozygous c.2234C>T (p.Thr745Met) variant of the CRB1 gene. Sanger sequencing confirmed that the proband and family members except the father of the proband carried the same CRB1 gene variant. Based on the criteria and guidelines for the classification of genetic variation and related consensus from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), this variant was classified as pathogenic (PM3_VeryStrong+PM1+PM2_Supporting +PP3). CONCLUSION The heterozygous c.2234C>T (p.Thr745Met) variant of the CRB1 gene may underlay the unilateral PPRCA with contralateral eye RP in this proband. Above findings have enriched the mutational spectrum of the CRB1 gene.
Humans ; Electroretinography ; Exome Sequencing ; Eye Proteins/genetics* ; Membrane Proteins/genetics* ; Mutation ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics* ; Pedigree ; Phenotype ; Retinitis Pigmentosa/genetics* ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Retinal Degeneration ; Eye Diseases, Hereditary

Objective Based on the analysis of the results of retesting of blood donors with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)serological single-reagent reactivity,the rationality and practical effect of the existing retesting strategy were discussed.Methods HIV serological single-reagent reactivity blood donors in Wenzhou from January to December 2023 were selected as the study objects,and were confirmed by Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)and returning test to confirm whether they could be returnee.Differences in return rates were analyzed by the basic data of blood donors and the S/CO value of HIV serological test during screening.Results Among the 374 HIV serological single-reagent reactivity blood donors,55 were confirmed by CDC with uncertain HIV antibodies,319 met the criteria for return,and 84 actively applied for return.78 showed no reactivity through self-test and return test and were allowed to return to the team.Four showed HIV serological reactivity,one showed HIV nucleic acid testing(NAT)test reactivity,permanent shielding.One showed the reactivity of anti-HIV chemiluminescence immunoassay test,and the HIV NAT test was noreactivity,and continued to be screened to participate in the next round of return.There were statistically significant differences in the permissible return rate of blood donors with different ages,blood types and blood donation times(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the allowed return rate of blood donors with different S/CO values during screening(χ2=1.898,P=0.168).Conclusion Reasonable return procedures can effectively reduce the loss of blood donors and ensure the safety of blood for clinical use.

Objective To analyze challenges in translating exercise management evidence for patients with metabolism-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD),develop actionable strategies,and evaluate the application of best evidence.Methods Utilizing the evidence translation model,the best evidence was implemented for MAFLD patients in 4 phases:evidence acquisition,baseline practice review,intervention,and outcome evaluation.We compared the knowledge of exercise management evidence,implementation rates of review indicators,completion of exercise programs,BMI,liver stiffness measurement,controlled attenuation parameters,and patient satisfaction among medical staff at a tertiary hospital in Fujian Province during baseline(March-May 2023),mid-practice(June-August 2023),and late-practice(September-November 2023)phases.Results A total of 88 patients were included at baseline review,95 during mid-practice,and 107 in late-practice.Significant improvements were observed in the implementation rates of 21 review indicators,nurses'knowledge,completion rate,BMI,and controlled attenuation parameters compared to the data at baseline(P＜0.05).Conclusion The application of best evidence in exercise management for MAFLD patients enhances nurses'knowledge,standardizes nursing practices,and reduces patients'BMI and controlled attenuation parameters.

OBJECTIVE To explore the epidemiological characteristics of the children with acute respiratory tract in-fection and analyze the changes of peripheral blood prealbumin(PA),serum amyloid protein A(SAA)and pro-calcitonin(PCT)so as to provide bases for the clinical diagnosis.METHODS A total of 177 children with acute re-spiratory tract infection who were treated in Qingdao Haici Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University from Nov.2021 to Nov.2023 were assigned as the infection group,meanwhile,195 healthy children who received physical examination were chosen as the healthy group.The distribution of pathogens isolated from the patients of the in-fection group was statistically analyzed.The levels of PA,SAA,CRP and PCT were compared between the two groups.The values of the indexes in diagnosis of the acute respiratory tract infection were analyzed.RESULTS The total positive rate of isolation of pathogens was 31.07％(55/177)among the children with acute respiratory tract infection,and Mycoplasma pneumoniae was the predominant species of pathogen.There was significant difference in the isolation rate of pathogens among the different age groups of children with acute respiratory tract infection(x2=8.270,P=0.041);the children of the preschool age group were dominant.There was significant difference in the isolation rate of pathogens from the children with acute respiratory tract infection among the different sea-sons(x2=9.557,P=0.023);the isolation rates were relatively high in spring and winter.There were significant differences in the levels of serum PA,SAA,CRP and PCT between the infection group and the healthy group(P＜0.05);the CRP level was(13.48±4.25)mg/L in the infection group,(7.85±2.51)mg/L in the healthy group,with the difference value maximum(t=15.724,P＜0.001).The area under the curve(AUC)value of the joint detection of the four indexes was higher than that of the single detection in diagnosis of the acute respiratory tract infection in the children(P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS M.pneumoniae is dominant among the pathogens isolated from the children with acute respiratory tract infection,the preschool age children are in the majority.The infec-tion is prevalent in spring and winter.The children with the infection show the abnormal expressions of PA,SAA,CRP and PCT,and the joint detection of the four indexes has high value in diagnosis of the infection.