To explore the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and integrative TCM-Western medicine approaches in the treatment of diabetic microvascular complications （DMC）， refine key pathophysiological insights and treatment principles， and promote academic innovation and strategic research planning in the prevention and treatment of DMC. The 38th session of the Expert Salon on Diseases Responding Specifically to Traditional Chinese Medicine， hosted by the China Association of Chinese Medicine， was held in Beijing， 2024. Experts in TCM， Western medicine， and interdisciplinary fields convened to conduct a systematic discussion on the pathogenesis， diagnostic and treatment challenges， and mechanism research related to DMC， ultimately forming a consensus on key directions. Four major research recommendations were proposed. The first is addressing clinical bottlenecks in the prevention and control of DMC by optimizing TCM-based evidence evaluation systems. The second is refining TCM core pathogenesis across DMC stages and establishing corresponding "disease-pattern-time" framework. The third is innovating mechanism research strategies to facilitate a shift from holistic regulation to targeted intervention in TCM. The fourth is advancing interdisciplinary collaboration to enhance the role of TCM in new drug development， research prioritization， and guideline formulation. TCM and integrative approaches offer distinct advantages in managing DMC. With a focus on the diseases responding specifically to TCM， strengthening evidence-based support and mechanism interpretation and promoting the integration of clinical care and research innovation will provide strong momentum for the modernization of TCM and the advancement of national health strategies.

Objective: To improve the efficiency of patient treatment in routine, emergency, and mass casualty scenarios (both peacetime and wartime), eliminate reliance on blood type compatibility, and promote the productization of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), this study investigated the optimal mixing ratio for developing a universal PRP formulation. Methods: PRP was prepared from donors with blood types O, A, B, and AB. Samples were mixed in varying proportions, and the optimal ratio was determined based on the trend of anti-A and anti-B antibody titers in the mixed PRP. Concentrations of the growth factors PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB, EGF, TGF-β1, and VEGF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) before and after mixing. Results: A mixing ratio of A∶B∶AB=6∶2.5∶24 resulted in no detectable agglutination with either A or B cells in the microcolumn gel system, indicating the absence of immunological reactivity and confirming universal compatibility. Importantly, the levels of all measured growth factors remained unchanged following mixing, suggesting preservation of biological activity. Conclusion: These findings suggest that universal PRP can be prepared by neutralizing blood type antibodies through antigen-antibody reactions.

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of plastic bronchitis in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and put forward targeted prevention suggestions. Methods The clinical data of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection who were admitted to Chengdu Third People's Hospital from September 2022 to February 2024 were retrospectively analyzed . According to whether plastic bronchitis occurred, they were divided into plastic group (n=118) and non-plastic group (n=184), and the differences between the two groups were compared and analyzed. Univariate and multivariate logistics regression analysis equations were used to analyze the independent influencing factors of plastic bronchitis in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Results Among the 302 children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection , 118 cases were diagnosed with plastic bronchitis. Analysis showed that the children’s age, duration of fever, hospital stay, pleural effusion rate, number of bronchoscopic lavage, allergy history, endoscopic mucosal erosion rate, WBC, NE%, LY%, CRP, LDH, PCT and D-D were the single factors influencing the occurrence of plastic bronchitis in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Binary logistics regression analysis revealed that age (OR=2.137, P=0.033, 95% CI: 1.132-16.603), allergy history （OR=3.028, P=0.014, 95% CI: 1.261-864), NE% (OR=2.395, P=0.031, 95% CI: 1.087-5.274), CRP (OR=3.864, P=0.004, 95% CI: 1.563-3.864), PCT (OR=4.125, P=0.001, 95% CI: 1.793-3.864), and D-D (OR=3.920, P=0.002, 95% CI: 1.632-3.864) were independent risk factors for plastic bronchitis in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection (P<0.05). Conclusion Age, allergy history, NE%, CRP, PCT and D-D are independent risk factors for plastic bronchitis in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection . It is necessary to take clinical intervention measures to reduce the occurrence risk.

In recent years, the incidence of dry eye disease(DED)is increasing, positioning it as one of the most prevalent diseases affecting the ocular surface. Inflammatory response is the pathological basis of DED, involving various inflammatory mediators and inflammatory signaling pathways. Consequently, anti-inflammatory treatment emerges as a fundamental strategy for preventing and managing DED. This review summarizes the classic inflammatory factors involved in the development and progression of DED, including interleukins, tumor necrosis factor, matrix metalloproteinases, chemokines, and cell adhesion molecules. It also discusses the relevant inflammatory signaling pathways: the MAPKs pathway, NF-κB pathway, Wnt pathway and TLR pathway. Additionally, this review addresses the mechanisms of action and alterations in relevant biomarkers associated with current first-line recommended anti-inflammatory therapies, including corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and traditional Chinese medicine approaches to inflammation management. This comprehensive overview aims to enhance understanding of the inflammatory mechanisms underlying DED while exploring future therapeutic prospects.

In recent years, the incidence of dry eye disease(DED)is increasing, positioning it as one of the most prevalent diseases affecting the ocular surface. Inflammatory response is the pathological basis of DED, involving various inflammatory mediators and inflammatory signaling pathways. Consequently, anti-inflammatory treatment emerges as a fundamental strategy for preventing and managing DED. This review summarizes the classic inflammatory factors involved in the development and progression of DED, including interleukins, tumor necrosis factor, matrix metalloproteinases, chemokines, and cell adhesion molecules. It also discusses the relevant inflammatory signaling pathways: the MAPKs pathway, NF-κB pathway, Wnt pathway and TLR pathway. Additionally, this review addresses the mechanisms of action and alterations in relevant biomarkers associated with current first-line recommended anti-inflammatory therapies, including corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and traditional Chinese medicine approaches to inflammation management. This comprehensive overview aims to enhance understanding of the inflammatory mechanisms underlying DED while exploring future therapeutic prospects.

Objective : To investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) of PROS1 gene and recurrent spontaneous abortion(RSA) in Baotou Han population. Methods : 158 RSA patients and 158 control subjects were selected as the study subjects, and the activities of protein S, protein C and antithrombin-Ⅲ were measured. The rs13062355, rs6441600 and rs12634349 loci of PROS1 gene were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP). Non-conditional Logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between three SNPs of PROS1 gene and the risk of RSA. Results : The protein S and antithrombin-Ⅲ activities of RSA patients decreased significantly(P<0.05). PROS1 SNP rs13062355 was associated with the risk of RSA under the dominant model: compared with genotype TT, patients with CT+CC genotypes had a reduced risk of RSA(OR=0.398, 95%CI: 0.249-0.638); SNP rs6441600 and rs12634349 were not associated with the risk of RSA(P>0.05). In the haplotypes constructed by PROS1 rs13062355, rs6441600 and rs12634349, Haplotype C-C-C was statistically different between the two groups(P<0.05). The third-order interaction model rs13062355-rs6441600-rs12634349 was associated with the risk of RSA. Conclusion PROS1 SNP rs13062355 may be associated with the risk of RSA in Han women in Baotou area. Haplotype C-C-C of PROS1 rs13062355, rs6441600 and rs12634349 reduces the risk of RSA. The third-order model rs13062355-rs6441600-rs12634349 interaction has a synergistic effect on the occurrence of RSA.

Objective To investigate the predictive ability of cyst fluid characteristics for malignant intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs). Methods We prospectively collected fresh cyst fluid from patients undergoing pancreatic resection at the Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Spleen Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, from September 2023 to December 2024, who were ultimately pathologically confirmed with IPMN. We assessed the characteristics of cyst fluid, including viscosity, clarity, and color, and explored its predictive performance for benign or malignant. Results A total of 40 patients with IPMN were included. The sensitivity of the string sign （+） for diagnosing high-grade dysplasia/ invasive carcinoma （HGD/IC） was 90.9%, specificity was 92.9%, and accuracy was 76.0%. The cyst fluid of intestinal-type IPMN often exhibited a gelatinous consistency, and there was no significant difference in the distribution of gelatinous consistency between the HGD/IC group and the low-grade dysplasia （LGD） group. There were no significant differences in CEA, glucose, and amylase levels in the cyst fluid between the HGD/IC group and the LGD group. Conclusions The characteristics of pancreatic cyst fluid, especially viscosity, can effectively predict the benign or malignant nature of IPMN.

Objective: To explore the associations between caregivers nutrition literacy and pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), so as to provide scientific evidence for the key contents of family intervention measures. Methods: In September 2022, a study involving 1 609 thirdgrade students and their caregivers from six schools in Yinzhou, Haishu, and Zhenhai Districts of Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, was conducted. Venous blood samples were collected to measure lipid profiles and investigate the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among the children. Family Food Environment Questionnaire was used to assess the nutrition literacy levels of the caregivers. Generalized linear regression analysis was employed to explore the correlation between caregivers nutrition literacy levels and the prevalence of NAFLD in children. Results: Among the surveyed students, 191 were in the NAFLD group, whereas 1 418 were in the nonNAFLD group. The median nutrition literacy score of caregivers in the NAFLD group and nonNAFLD group all were 11.00 (9.00,12.00), which was not significantly different (Z=-0.40, P=0.71). The generalized linear regression results revealed that the level of nutrition literacy of caregivers had no significant effect on childrens Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and Triglyceride-glucose-Waisttoheight ratio (TyG-WHtR) [β(95%CI) were 0.001(-0.005-0.006) and 0.000(-0.014-0.014), P>0.05]. Conclusions The nutrition literacy level of caregivers has no significant correlation with the direct incidence of NAFLD in children. As for family intervention measures, it is necessary not only to improve the nutrition literacy level of caregivers but also to effectively apply nutritional knowledge in practice to optimize health management.

Objective: To compare the changes in the concentration of relevant growth factors released from platelet-rich plasma (PRP) stored at -80℃ by cryopreservation and at 4℃ by refrigerated lyophilization over 2 years, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for prolonging PRP storage duration. Methods: PRP (n=15) was separated using a blood cell separator and stored under -80℃ cryopreservation (F-PRP group) and 4℃ refrigerated freeze-drying conditions (FD-PRP group). The contents of growth factors (PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB, EGF, TGF-β1, and VEGF) in both groups were measured by ELISA at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 months. Results: PDGF-AA and VEGF maintained good stability in both groups for up to 24 months. PDGF-BB and TGF-β1 showed high stability in the first 12 months but their stability decreased gradually from 12th to 24th months. EGF demonstrated good stability in the first 6 months, and its stability gradually decreased from the 9th to 24th months. Comparing the F-PRP and FD-PRP groups, the concentrations of the five growth factors in the FD-PRP group were either not statistically different or higher than those in the F-PRP group at all time points. Specifically, the concentrations of EGF were significantly higher in the FD-PRP group at all time points. Conclusion: Both -80℃ freezing and 4℃ freeze-drying enable long-term preservation of PRP. Freeze-drying imposes less stringent storage requirements and facilitates growth factor compared to frozen storage.

Objective: To investigate the association between dietary quality and overweight / obesity among primary school students, so as to provide a basis for the prevention and control of childhood obesity. Methods: In September 2022, third-grade students from six primary schools in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province were selected by a random cluster sampling method. Data on gender, age, height, and weight were collected through questionnaire surveys and physical examinations. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated, and overweight and obesity were determined using gender- and age-specific BMI cut-off points. The Chinese dietary quality questionnaires was administered to assess the intake of health-promoting and restricted foods over the past 24 hours, thereby evaluating overall dietary quality. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between dietary quality and overweight / obesity among primary school students. Results: A total of 1 375 primary school students were included, comprising 722 (52.51%) boys and 653 (47.49%) girls, with a mean age of (8.47±0.30) years. Among them, 165 (12.00%) were overweight and 171 (12.44%) were obese. The score for health-promoting foods was (4.29±2.27) points. The median score of restricted foods was 2.00 (interquartile range, 3.00) points. The total dietary quality score was (10.84±2.42) points. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that the restricted food score was positively associated with overweight (OR=1.073, 95%CI: 1.002-1.148), while the total dietary quality score was negatively associated with overweight (OR=0.911, 95%CI: 0.851-0.976). However, no statistically significant associations were observed between the health-promoting food score and overweight or obesity (both P>0.05), nor between the restricted food score or total dietary quality score and obesity (both P>0.05). Conclusion A higher intake of restricted foods was associated with an increased risk of overweight, while a better dietary quality was associated with a decreased risk of overweight among primary school students.