Objective: To explore the interrelationships between mental vulnerability, cognitive emotion regulation strategies, and positive psychological capital in medical postgraduates, so as to provide precise intervention targets for mental health services in universities. Methods: From April to June 2025, a convenience sampling method was used to select 1 461 medical postgraduates from three colleges in Hubei Province. Participants were assessed using the Mental Vulnerability Questionnaire (MVQ), the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire-Chinese Version (CERQ-C) and the Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PPQ). The network analysis model was constructed using a Gaussian graphical model. Results: The network analysis revealed that the edge connection between somatic symptoms and mental symptoms was the strongest, followed by the connection between refocus on planning and positive reappraisal within cognitive emotion regulation, with edge weights of 0.69 and 0.59, respectively. Interpersonal problems within psychological vulnerability exhibited the highest expected influence( EI =1.27), serving as the core node of the network. Rumination within cognitive emotion regulation demonstrated the highest bridge expected influence( BEI =0.33), playing a critical connecting role among psychological vulnerability, cognitive emotion regulation, and positive psychological capital. Conclusion In the mental health network of medical postgraduates, mental vulnerability, cognitive emotion regulation, and positive psychological capital interact through their respective key dimensions, jointly affect overall mental health.

Objective: To explore the experiences of obesity among junior high school students, and reveal its core themes and essential features, so as to provide evidence for health promotion. Methods: From March to August 2025, semi structured in depth interviews were conducted with 22 obese junior high school students (15 boys,7 girls) aged 13-16 years from two junior high schools in Beijing and one junior high school in Shenyang.Each interview lasted about 40 minutes, and the outline of the interview mainly involved three dimensions: obesity experience, obesity life experience, suggestions and future expectations. Data were analyzed using Moustakas phenomenological method. Results: A total of 4 core themes and 13 sub themes were identified: health experiences (external discipline, health conflicts, perceptual tension), exercise experiences (restricted activity, weight loss expectations, psychological catharsis, physical education test pressure), emotional experiences (appearance anxiety, self soothing, generalized impact), and social experiences (social devaluation, external support, covert suppression). Conclusions Obesity is a complex experience co-constructed by body awareness, physiological indicators, and sociocultural factors. Interventions should enhance students’ body awareness, facilitate a shift from external discipline to internal motivation, and form a collaborative health promotion pathway involving families, schools, and society.

Objective: To explore the longitudinal association between weight trajectories and physical fitness test composite scores among primary school students, so as to provide empirical evidence for school based weight management and physical health promotion. Methods: A total of 2 112 students from a primary school in Beijing who participated in physical fitness assessments annually from 2008 to 2023 were included and classified into different body weight trajectory groups based on body mass index (BMI) threshold: "normal/overweight-obese". Group based trajectory model was used to identify distinct weight trajectories. Generalized estimating equation and Cox regression were used to analyze the associations between weight trajectories and changes in physical fitness test scores, as well as event risks. Robustness checks were conducted. Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary school students was 26.50%. BMI showed a significant negative correlation with physical fitness composite scores ( r=-0.19, P <0.01). Four types of weight trajectories were identified: persistent normal group (64.5%, 1 362), persistent overweight- obese group (18.2%, 385), normal to overweight-obese group (14.0%, 296), and overweight-obese to normal group (3.3%, 69). Compared to the persistent normal group, both the normal to overweight-obese and persistent overweight-obese groups showed significantly higher risks of failing the physical fitness test ( HR =4.23, 4.60), and the speed of achieving excellent was slower ( HR = 0.52, 0.40) (all P <0.05). Robustness tests confirmed the stability of the findings. Conclusions Body weight trajectories have a long term impact on physical fitness performance among primary school students. Students with persistent or progressive overweight-obese trajectories have limited score improvement and a higher risk of failure; primary school students with persistent or progressive overweight and obesity should be a key focus.

OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical distribution and drug resistance of common species of pathogens iso-lated from a three-A hospital of Guangzhou from Jan.2017 to 2023 Dec.so as to provide bases for clinical diagno-sis and reasonable use of antibiotics.METHODS A total of 10,086 strains of aerobic bacteria were clinically isola-ted from the patients who were hospitalized in a three-A hospital of Guangzhou from 2017 to 2023.The constituent ratios of the common species of pathogens,specimen sources,distribution of departments and drug resistance rates to commonly used antibiotics were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS Totally 10,086 strains of pathogens were isolated from the specimens of the hospitalized patients from 2017 to 2023.Klebsiella pneumoniae,Pseudo-monas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli,Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus ranked the top 5 species of pathogens.The sputum,midstream urine and whole blood were the major specimen sources.The hospital-asso-ciated infection was highly prevalent in critical care medicine department,neurology department,geriatrics depart-ment,neurosurgery department and urology department.The result of drug resistance showed that the drug re-sistance rates of the K.pneumoniae and P.aeruginosa strains to various types of antibiotics showed upward trends(P＜0.05);the drug resistance rate of the A.baumannii strains to imipenem was decreased,while the drug resist-ance rates to most of the antibiotics were more than 45％.No gram-positive cocci strains that were resistant to vancomycin,teicoplanin or linezolid were found.CONCLUSIONS The common clinical isolates of pathogens are generally resistant to antibiotics.It is necessary for clinicians to attach great importance to the culture of pathogens and drug susceptibility testing and reasonably use antibiotics based on the result of drug susceptibility testing so as to reduce the occurrence and spread of drug-resistant strains.The hospital should strengthen the surveillance of drug resistance of bacteria so as to boost the clinical curative effect,standardize the management and use of antibi-otics and take effective measures to control of the hospital-associated infection.

Objective To investigate the dynamic changes in pulmonary function after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT)in children and compare pulmonary function differences between children with benign and malignant hematological diseases.Methods A total of 233 children who underwent allogeneic HSCT in the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University,Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital from June 2015 to December 2023 were selected as subjects,according to the original disease,children were divided into benign group(n=142)and malignant group(n=91).Pulmonary function examination data were collected pre-transplant and at 3,6,9,12,18 and 24 months post-transplant,dynamic trajectories of pulmonary function parameters were analyzed.Results Forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1)recovered after reaching its lowest in benign group in 6th month post-transplantation,while in malignant group in 9th month(P＜0.001).FEV1/forced vital capacity(FVC)reached its lowest value in 18th month and then recovered(P＜0.001).FEV1,FEV1/FVC,total lung capacity(TLC)and carbon monoxide diffusing capacity(DLCO)were significantly lower in malignant group than those in benign group at most time points(P＜0.05).Reduced DLCO was most common abnormality.Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that those with negative slopes of FEV1,FEV1/FVC,and FVC changes in first 3 months post-transplantation were more likely develop to restrictive ventilatory disorder,and those with negative FEV1/FVC slopes had a significantly higher risk of obstructive ventilatory disorder(P＜0.05).Conlusion Pulmonary dysfunction is prevalent in children after allogeneic HSCT.Pulmonary function parameters of children in malignant group were significantly lower than those in benign group and children recovery was slower.Patients with negative slopes of pulmonary function changes in the first 3 months after post-transplantation are more likely develop to pulmonary dysfunction.

Objective:To evaluate the intervention effects of different rehabilitation exercise training methods on adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) through a network meta-analysis, providing a reference for exercise training interventions for AIS patients.Methods:A computer search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, EBSCO, Ovid, Cochrane Library, China Biology Medicine disc, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, and Wanfang Database, with the search period up to October 31, 2023. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies according to preset criteria. A network meta-analysis was performed using RevMan and Stata software.Results:A total of nine randomized controlled trials were included. The network meta-analysis results of different rehabilitation exercise trainings on the Cobb angle in AIS patients showed that Schroth therapy [ SMD=0.50, 95% CI (0.11, 0.88), P<0.05] and Barcelona scoliosis physical therapy school (BSPTS) therapy [ SMD=0.78, 95% CI (0.18, 1.38), P<0.05] were more effective than routine nursing in reducing the Cobb angle. The effects of Schroth therapy [ SMD=-0.83, 95% CI (-1.50, -0.16), P<0.05] and BSPTS therapy [ SMD=-1.11, 95% CI (-2.09, -0.13), P<0.05] on Cobb angle were also better than core exercise therapy. Cumulative probability ranking indicated that BSPTS therapy was the best intervention. Regarding the impact on quality of life, network meta-analysis of different rehabilitation exercise trainings on the Scoliosis Research Society-22 questionnaire's four dimensions showed no significant differences in scores between groups ( P>0.05). Cumulative probability ranking indicated that core exercise therapy was the best intervention for physical function, mental health, and body pain, while BSPTS therapy was the best intervention for self-image perception. Conclusions:Based on current evidence, BSPTS therapy is the most effective in alleviating or reducing the Cobb angle in AIS patients. Core exercise therapy is the best for improving physical function, mental health, and alleviating body pain, while BSPTS therapy is the best for self-image perception in AIS patients.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Yifei Jianpi prescription on the of signal transducer and activator of transcription protein 1 （STAT1）/interferon regulatory factor 3 （IRF3） signaling pathway in a pneumonia model induced by lipopolysaccharide （LPS） and to explore the mechanism of Yifei Jianpi prescription in improving lung immune and inflammatory responses. MethodsSixty male SPF SD rats were used in this study. Ten rats were randomly assigned to the normal control group， and the remaining 50 were instilled with LPS in the trachea to establish a pneumonia model. After successful modeling， the rats were randomly divided into the model group， dexamethasone group （0.5 mg·kg^-1）， and Yifei Jianpi prescription high-dose （12 mg·kg^-1）， medium-dose （6 mg·kg^-1）， and low-dose （3 mg·kg^-1） groups， with 10 rats in each group. Treatment was administered once daily， and the normal control and model groups received the same volume of normal saline. After 14 days， flow cytometry was used to detect the classification of whole blood lymphocytes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to measure serum levels of immunoglobulin G （IgG）， immunoglobulin A （IgA）， immunoglobulin M （IgM）， and the content of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-8 （IL-8）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， and interleukin-10 （IL-10） in alveolar lavage fluid （BALF）. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe lung tissue pathology and score the damage. Thymus weight， spleen weight， and wet-to-dry weight ratio （W/D） were recorded. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to detect the mRNA expression of STAT1， IRF3， IL-6， and interferon-alpha （IFN-α） in lung tissues， while Western blot was performed to assess the protein expression of STAT1， IRF3， IL-6， and IFN-α. ResultsCompared with the normal control group， the model group showed significantly increased proportion of B lymphocytes in peripheral blood， decreased proportions of NK cells and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ （P<0.05， P<0.01）， decreased serum levels of IgG and IgA， significantly increased IgM levels （P<0.01）， significantly elevated content of TNF-α， IL-6， and IL-8 in BALF， and significantly decreased IL-10 levels （P<0.01）. Lung tissue damage was evident， with significant increases in thymus and spleen weights and a higher W/D ratio （P<0.01）. The mRNA and protein expression of STAT1， IRF3， IFN-α， and IL-6 in lung tissues was significantly upregulated （P<0.05，P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the Yifei Jianpi prescription groups showed significantly reduced proportions of B lymphocytes in peripheral blood， increased proportions of NK cells and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratios （P<0.05， P<0.01）， significantly increased serum levels of IgG and IgA， significantly decreased IgM levels （P<0.05， P<0.01）， significantly reduced levels of TNF-α， IL-6， and IL-8 in BALF， and significantly increased IL-10 levels （P<0.01）. Lung tissue damage was alleviated， thymus and spleen weights were significantly reduced， and the W/D ratio was markedly decreased （P<0.01）. The mRNA and protein expression of STAT1， IRF3， IFN-α， and IL-6 in lung tissues was significantly downregulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionYifei Jianpi prescription can alleviate lung tissue damage and improve immune and inflammatory responses in LPS-induced pneumonia rats. The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of STAT1/IRF3 signaling pathway activation.

Given the current ethical issues such as unknown high risks in the clinical application of new biomedical technology， thus， medical institutions need to establish new technology management systems， including clarifying the concept， the assessment and admission mechanism， and ethical management systems of new technology. According to the direction of the development of new technology in the medical institution， the ethics review committee should also perfect the management system of ethics committees and the professional composition of ethics review committee members， improve the ability of ethics committee members to evaluate new biomedical technology， increase the assessment of ethical risks of new technology in the preliminary review stage， strengthen the requirements for emergency plan formulation， as well as set the frequency of the follow-up review based on the risk level of new technology. The ethics review committee should work together with the medical management department to formulate an ethical standardization training system for the clinical application of medical technology in the institution， and regularly conduct training for all staff， to promote medical workers’ understanding of the management requirements of biomedical technologies. Different types of new biomedical technology have different ethical risks. Therefore， the medical management departments and ethics review committees of medical institutions should formulate specific management rules based on the characteristics of new technology types. However， it should be noted that when new biomedical technology generally is first introduced into clinical practice， there are often issues regarding fairness and justice in the use of the technology.

BACKGROUND:Micro-robots have the characteristics of small size,flexibility,and strong targeting,and can complete complex tasks in a single or clustered manner in a narrow environment.With the continuous optimization of materials,preparation processes,and driving approaches,they have shown increasingly important application value in the field of biomedicine. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the application of field-driven micro-robots in medical field and to look forward to their application prospect. METHODS:Using"microrobots,nanorobots,drivers,biomedical,medical"as Chinese keywords and"microrobots,micro-robots,nanorobots,micromachine,microswimmer,medical"as English keywords,WanFang Data and PubMed databases were searched,respectively.The search time range was from January 2010 to January 2024,and a small number of long-term articles were included.Through reading the titles and preliminarily screening the abstracts,the repetitive studies,low-quality journals,and irrelevant literature were excluded.After reading the entire text,66 papers were finally included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Field-driven medical micro-robots mainly include magnetic,optical,thermal,ultrasonic,and multi-mixed factor-driven robots.Field-driven robots have been used in intestinal diagnosis,drug targeting therapy,and stem cell therapy.Medical micro-robots are currently only used in a small number of clinical applications,but most of which are still in the theoretical and experimental stages.Medical micro-robots will face many challenges in future,such as large-scale preparation,precise control of micro-robots,recycling or degradation in vivo,whether the materials used will cause adverse reactions to the human body,and the related minimally invasive medical procedures.

Objective Using meta-analysis to identify the risk factors for slow-flow or no-reflow during percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)in patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction(AMI).Methods A computerized retrieval of academic papers concerning the risk factors for slow-flow or no-reflow during PCI in patients with ST-segment elevation AMI from the databases of CNKI,Wanfang Database,VIP,SinoMed,PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,and Cochrane Library was conducted.The retrieval time period was from the establishment of the database to January 2024.In order to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the study,two independent reviewers screened the literature according to the preset inclusion and exclusion criteria,extracted key data,and strictly evaluated the quality of the literature.RevMan5.4 software was used to make meta-analysis.Results A total of 23 articles with a total of 9 780 cases were included in this analysis.The results of meta-analysis showed that reperfusion time ≥6 h(OR=1.52),preoperative TIMI blood flow≤level-Ⅰ(OR=1.12),heavy thrombus burden(OR=1.60),advanced age(OR=1.56),diabetes(OR=1.83),preoperative Killip grade≥Ⅲ(OR=2.52),long target vessel disease(OR=1.95),and collateral flow≤level-Ⅰ(OR=1.61)were the risk factors for slow-flow or no-reflow during PCI in patients with ST-segment elevation AMI.Preoperative systolic blood pressure＜90 mmHg(OR=1.17)and high white blood cell(WBC)count(OR=1.27)were not the risk factors for slow-flow or no-reflow during PCI in patients with ST-segment elevation AMI.Conclusion Reperfusion time ≥ 6 h,preoperative TIMI blood flow≤level-Ⅰ,heavy thrombus burden,advanced age,diabetes,preoperative Killip grade≥level-Ⅲ,long target vessel lesion,and collateral blood flow≤level-Ⅰ are the independent risk factors for slow-flow or no-reflow during PCI in patients with ST-segment elevation AMI.