2.Obstetric Outcomes of Jehovah’s Witness Women Under Patient Blood Management: A Single-center, Propensity Score–Matched Cohort Study in Korea
Jeong-Won OH ; Seug Yun YOON ; Jeong Jae LEE ; Kyu Yeon CHOI ; Seong Soon KWON
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health 2026;59(2):143-151
Objectives:
Patient blood management (PBM) is increasingly recognized as an essential strategy in obstetric care for reducing transfusion-related risks and improving maternal safety. Jehovah’s Witness (JW) women, who categorically refuse blood transfusion, represent a unique clinical population in which to evaluate the effectiveness of PBM. This study aimed to assess obstetric outcomes of JW women compared with non-JW women at a PBM-based center in Korea.
Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed delivery outcomes and PBM practices among JW women (n=205) with singleton pregnancies and non-JW women (n=601) who were matched at a 1:3 ratio using propensity scores at Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital between 2018 and 2023. The primary outcomes included obstetric morbidities, with particular attention to complications related to postpartum hemorrhage and the interventions used for its management.
Results:
JW women were more likely to receive intravenous iron administration (7.3 vs. 2.8%, p=0.008) and had higher hemoglobin (Hb) levels during the first trimester (12.6±1.1 vs. 11.8±3.4 g/dL, p=0.012) than non-JW women. Blood loss during cesarean section and the incidence of severe postpartum anemia (Hb <7 g/dL) were lower among JW women; however, these differences did not reach statistical significance. In the hemorrhage-related high-risk subgroup, JW women were managed according to PBM protocols without transfusion, and their obstetric outcomes were comparable to those observed in non-JW women.
Conclusions
This study identified no significant differences in hemorrhage-related obstetric outcomes between JW and non-JW women at a PBM-based center. The systematic application of PBM enables safe delivery in transfusion-restricted settings and may reduce reliance on blood transfusion while maintaining maternal safety.
3.WWP2 ubiquitin ligase promotes colorectal cancer progression by targeting p53 for degradation:an experimental study
Seung-Jun LEE ; Han-Gil KIM ; Young-Tae JU ; Young-Sool HAH ; Jeongyun HWANG ; Jihun CHOI ; Jin-Kyu CHO ; Chi-Young JEONG ; Young-Joon LEE ; Ji-Ho PARK ; Ju-Yeon KIM ; Jae-Myung KIM ; Seung-Jin KWAG
Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research 2026;110(5):331-346
Purpose:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, necessitating the identification of novel therapeutic targets. The E3 ubiquitin ligase WW domain-containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 2 (WWP2) has been implicated in various cancers, yet its specific role and underlying molecular mechanisms in CRC are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the functional role of WWP2 in CRC progression and to elucidate its regulatory mechanisms.
Methods:
WWP2 expression was evaluated in CRC patient tissues and cell lines using immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting. The biological functions of WWP2 were assessed using in vitro assays for cell proliferation, migration, and invasion following adenovirus-mediated overexpression. The molecular mechanism was investigated by analyzing the protein expression levels of p53 and its downstream target, p21, via western blot. An in vivo xenograft mouse model was used to confirm the oncogenic role of WWP2.
Results:
WWP2 expression was significantly upregulated in CRC tissues. Overexpression of WWP2 promoted CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Mechanistically, increased WWP2 expression led to a marked reduction in the protein levels of the tumor suppressor p53. Consequently, the expression of the p53 downstream target, the cell cycle inhibitor p21, was also suppressed. In the xenograft model, WWP2 overexpression significantly enhanced tumor growth.
Conclusion
Our findings demonstrate that WWP2 functions as an oncogene in CRC. It promotes cancer progression by destabilizing the tumor suppressor p53 and downregulating p21. This study highlights the WWP2-p53-p21 axis as a potential novel therapeutic target for CRC.
4.Primary Intradural Extramedullary Ewing Sarcoma of the Thoracic Spine With Leptomeningeal and Brain Metastases:A Case Report and Literature Review
Achmad Harun MUCHSIN ; Woochan PARK ; Yu Jung KIM ; Koung Jin SUH ; Jeong Min SEO ; Kyu Sang LEE ; Keun-Yong EOM ; Seung-Jae HYUN
Brain Tumor Research and Treatment 2026;14(2):102-108
A 43-year-old woman presented with bilateral lower extremity weakness due to an intradural extramedullary spinal cord tumor. Surgery revealed Ewing sarcoma, a rare presentation known as primary intradural extramedullary Ewing sarcoma (PIEES). Despite initial treatment with radiation and chemotherapy, tumor recurrence occurred after 17 months. Further interventions included additional surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. The disease progressed to leptomeningeal metastases along the spinal cord, prompting various treatments including targeted spinal radiation and systemic therapies. Brain metastases subsequently developed, necessitating whole-brain radiation and intrathecal chemotherapy. This case highlights the aggressive nature of PIEES, its potential for widespread leptomeningeal metastasis, and the challenges in its management, underscoring the need for multidisciplinary approaches in treating this rare and aggressive malignancy.
5.Prognostic Comparison of Long-Term Outcomes and Nodal Recurrence for Persistent and Recurrent Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Yung Jee KANG ; Ji-Hoon KIM ; Ji Ye LEE ; Sun Wook CHO ; Young Joo PARK ; Kyu-Eun LEE ; Su-Jin KIM ; Hanaro PARK ; Sung Joon PARK ; Soon-Hyun AHN ; Eun-Jae CHUNG
Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology 2026;19(2):185-193
Objectives:
. Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) has a favorable prognosis. However, indeterminate lymph nodes (LNs) are common, making it challenging to distinguish recurrent from persistent DTC. Previous studies have not specifically compared the prognosis between recurrent and persistent DTC. Therefore, we aimed to compare prognosis and oncologic characteristics between these two groups.
Methods:
. This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a single tertiary care institution and included 265 patients with DTC (recurrent, 109; persistent, 156) who underwent reoperation between November 1, 1999, and August 31, 2018, for structural disease. Patients with distant metastasis at the time of initial diagnosis were excluded. Clinical and oncological characteristics, patterns of LN metastasis, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were compared between the two groups. For DFS, time zero was defined as the date of the second operation.
Results:
. Recurrent DTC had a higher incidence of central LN metastasis (P=0.003), infield recurrence (P<0.001), and distant metastasis (P<0.001). In contrast, persistent DTC more frequently exhibited lateral LN metastasis (P=0.003) and outfield recurrence (P<0.001). The most common site of neck LN metastasis was ipsilateral level VI/VII (51.4%) in recurrent DTC and ipsilateral level IV (43.0%) in persistent DTC. Ten-year DFS was significantly lower in recurrent DTC than in persistent DTC (41.0% vs. 67.9%; P<0.001). Recurrent DTC, older age, a higher number of metastatic LNs at the second operation (first reoperation), and R1/R2 resection at the second operation were associated with decreased DFS. OS did not significantly differ between recurrent and persistent DTC (P=0.160).
Conclusion
. Recurrent DTC is associated with poorer DFS than persistent DTC, although OS does not significantly differ between the two groups.
6.Clinical Guideline for the Use of Biodegradable Rectal Spacers During Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer
Hyun Ho HAN ; Jong Kyou KWON ; Do Kyung KIM ; Jin Hyung JEON ; Chan Woo WEE ; Jae Ho CHO ; Ji Hee JUNG ; A Young YOO ; Jae Young JOUNG ; Gee Hyun SONG ; Seung Ju LEE ; Won PARK ; Chan Kyo KIM ; Young Seok KIM ; Yeon Joo KIM ; Ah Ram CHANG ; Jae Sik KIM ; Sung Hwan BAE ; Byoung Kyu HAN ; Kang Su CHO
Journal of Urologic Oncology 2026;24(1):3-12
Purpose:
Radiotherapy (RT) remains a cornerstone of curative treatment for localized and locally advanced prostate cancer. However, dose escalation to improve tumor control is often constrained by the proximity of the rectum, which increases the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary toxicities. Biodegradable rectal spacers inserted between the prostate and rectum have emerged as an effective approach to reduce rectal radiation exposure. This guideline provides evidence-based recommendations on indications, contraindications, procedural standards, and clinical management for biodegradable rectal spacer insertion during prostate cancer RT.
Materials and Methods:
This guideline was developed by a multidisciplinary expert panel through a systematic review of the literature, analysis of international guidelines (National Comprehensive Cancer Network, European Association of Urology, American Society for Radiation Oncology), and expert consensus among radiation oncologists, radiologists, and urologists with clinical experience in spacer insertion. The strength of each recommendation and the level of evidence were classified according to the modified GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) system.
Results:
Spacer insertion is conditionally recommended (Grade C, Level I) for patients receiving definitive external-beam RT without rectal invasion. It reduces the high-dose rectal irradiation volume (V70–75) by >50%, decreases acute GI toxicity, and helps maintain bowel-related quality of life. However, the benefit for late severe toxicity (grade 2 or higher) remains debated in recent meta-analyses. Contraindications include rectal invasion, anatomical inaccessibility, infection, and material hypersensitivity. Procedures should be performed under local anesthesia in a sterile environment by trained physicians. Short-course antibiotics and simulator-based training, including completion of multiple supervised cases, are advised.
Conclusion
Biodegradable rectal spacer insertion is clinically validated and effective in reducing acute rectal toxicity. Although pivotal trials demonstrated a favorable procedural safety profile, real-world postmarket data include reports of rare but severe procedural complications. This guideline provides standardized recommendations tailored to Korean clinical practice while remaining consistent with international standards, emphasizing the importance of operator training and careful patient selection.
7.Early Administration of Nelonemdaz May Improve the Stroke Outcomes in Patients With Acute Stroke
Jin Soo LEE ; Ji Sung LEE ; Seong Hwan AHN ; Hyun Goo KANG ; Tae-Jin SONG ; Dong-Ick SHIN ; Hee-Joon BAE ; Chang Hun KIM ; Sung Hyuk HEO ; Jae-Kwan CHA ; Yeong Bae LEE ; Eung Gyu KIM ; Man Seok PARK ; Hee-Kwon PARK ; Jinkwon KIM ; Sungwook YU ; Heejung MO ; Sung Il SOHN ; Jee Hyun KWON ; Jae Guk KIM ; Young Seo KIM ; Jay Chol CHOI ; Yang-Ha HWANG ; Keun Hwa JUNG ; Soo-Kyoung KIM ; Woo Keun SEO ; Jung Hwa SEO ; Joonsang YOO ; Jun Young CHANG ; Mooseok PARK ; Kyu Sun YUM ; Chun San AN ; Byoung Joo GWAG ; Dennis W. CHOI ; Ji Man HONG ; Sun U. KWON ;
Journal of Stroke 2025;27(2):279-283
8.Effect of Combined Treatment of Metoclopramide With Platinum-Based Drugs on Apoptosis in AMC-HN4 Cells
Jong Won PARK ; Seon Min WOO ; Jong In JEONG ; Jae Man LEE ; Ji Won LEE ; Dong Eun KIM ; Taeg Kyu KWON
Korean Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 2025;68(3):113-120
Background and Objectives:
Metoclopramide is an antagonist of dopamine D2 receptor and is capable of alleviating chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. However, its underlying mechanisms and function in improving the efficiency of chemotherapy are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the sensitizing effect of metoclopramide on the platinum-based drugs-mediated apoptosis in human head and neck cancer cells.Subjects and Method Apoptosis was analyzed using a cell-based cytometer. The protein expression and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) levels were assessed by Western blotting and real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively.
Results:
Metoclopramide sensitized the platinum-based drug (cisplatin and oxaliplatin)-mediated apoptosis in AMC-HN4 cells, but not in normal cells. Mechanistically, we found that metoclopramide decreased Mcl-1 protein expression through post-translational regulation. Moreover, the overexpression of Mcl-1 prevented apoptosis by combined treatment of metoclopramide and platinum-based drugs.
Conclusion
Metoclopramide induced proteasome-mediated Mcl-1 downregulation, resulting in increased sensitivity to platinum-based drugs.
9.High-Dose Rifampicin for 3 Months after Culture Conversion for Drug-Susceptible Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Nakwon KWAK ; Joong-Yub KIM ; Hyung-Jun KIM ; Byoung-Soo KWON ; Jae Ho LEE ; Jeongha MOK ; Yong-Soo KWON ; Young Ae KANG ; Youngmok PARK ; Ji Yeon LEE ; Doosoo JEON ; Jung-Kyu LEE ; Jeong Seong YANG ; Jake WHANG ; Kyung Jong KIM ; Young Ran KIM ; Minkyoung CHEON ; Jiwon PARK ; Seokyung HAHN ; Jae-Joon YIM
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 2025;88(1):170-180
Background:
This study aimed to determine whether a shorter high-dose rifampicin regimen is non-inferior to the standard 6-month tuberculosis regimen.
Methods:
This multicenter, randomized, open-label, non-inferiority trial enrolled participants with respiratory specimen positivity by Xpert MTB/RIF assay or Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture without rifampicin-resistance. Participants were randomized at 1:1 to the investigational or control group. The investigational group received high-dose rifampicin (30 mg/kg/day), isoniazid, and pyrazinamide until culture conversion, followed by high-dose rifampicin and isoniazid for 12 weeks. The control group received the standard 6-month regimen. The primary outcome was the rate of unfavorable outcomes at 18 months post-randomization. The non-inferiority margin was set at <6% difference in unfavorable outcomes rates. The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04485156)
Results:
Between 4 November 2020 and 3 January 2022, 76 participants were enrolled. Of these, 58 were included in the modified intention-to-treat analysis. Unfavorable outcomes occurred in 10 (31.3%) of 32 in the control group and 10 (38.5%) of 26 in the investigational group. The difference was 7.2% (95% confidence interval, ∞ to 31.9%), failing to prove non-inferiority. Serious adverse events and grade 3 or higher adverse events did not differ between the groups.
Conclusion
The shorter high-dose rifampicin regimen failed to demonstrate non-inferiority but had an acceptable safety profile.
10.Randomized Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Fexuprazan According to the Timing of Dosing in Patients With Erosive Esophagitis
Sang Pyo LEE ; In-Kyung SUNG ; Oh Young LEE ; Myung-Gyu CHOI ; Kyu Chan HUH ; Jae-Young JANG ; Hoon Jai CHUN ; Joong-Goo KWON ; Gwang Ha KIM ; Nayoung KIM ; Poong-Lyul RHEE ; Sang Gyun KIM ; Hwoon-Yong JUNG ; Joon Seong LEE ; Yong Chan LEE ; Hye-Kyung JUNG ; Jae Gyu KIM ; Sung Kook KIM ; Chong-il SOHN
Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility 2025;31(1):86-94
Background/Aims:
Fexuprazan, a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker, was developed for treating acid-related disorders. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of fexuprazan, unlike those of proton pump inhibitors, are independent of food effect. This study aims to evaluate differences in efficacy and safety of fexuprazan in patients with erosive esophagitis (EE) according to the timing of dosing.
Methods:
In this multicenter, open-label noninferiority study, patients who had typical reflux symptoms with endoscopically confirmed EE were randomized 1:1 to receive fexuprazan 40 mg daily 30 minutes before or after meal. Treatment was completed after 2 weeks or 4 weeks when healing was endoscopically confirmed. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with healed EE confirmed by endoscopy up to week 4. Safety endpoints included treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs).
Results:
In the prior-to-meal group (n = 89) and after-meal group (n = 86), 4-week EE healing rates were 98.77% and 100.00% (difference, 0.01%; 95% CI, –0.01% to 0.04%) and 2-week EE healing rates were 95.77% and 97.14% (difference, 0.01%; 95% CI, –0.05% to 0.07%), respectively. TEAEs were 9.78% and 8.70% in the prior-to-meal group and the after-meal group, respectively.
Conclusions
Non-inferiority analysis revealed that taking fexuprazan after meal was non-inferior to taking fexuprazan before meals in patients with EE. The frequency of adverse events was similar between the 2 study groups. The drug is safe and effective for healing EE regardless of the timing of dosing.

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