Background: Both medicolegal disputes and the incidence of cutaneous drug eruptions are increasing in Korea. We were unable to find research that surveyed the legal disputes involving drug eruption cases. Objective: This study investigates medical litigation associated with drug eruption cases in Korea. Methods: Judicial precedents on drug eruption cases were searched using the Supreme Court of South Korea’s Written Judgement Management System. General characteristics, results, suspected agents, and recognized negligence were analyzed. Results: From the search results, 50 cases were selected. Of these, 34 cases had severe cutaneous adverse reactions, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (n=25, 50.0%), and drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome (n=9, 18.0%). Antimicrobial agents (n=17, 34.0%), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (n=6, 12.0%), and anticonvulsants (n=6, 12.0%) were the most common drugs implicated. Death was reported in 15 patients (30.0%). In this sample, 22 cases (47.0%) were awarded to the plaintiff, and violation of the duty to inform patients of risks was the most common legal issue cited. Conclusion Clinicians should be aware of and advise patients of the potential for severe adverse reactions that can lead to negative outcomes and medicolegal disputes.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the obesity stress, weight bias and health care on Body Mass Index (BMI) in soldiers of non-combat area and to provide data for improving the quality of their life. METHODS: This research involved 165 soldiers working in non-combat area. Data collection was conducted from November 1 to 20, 2015. Statistical analysis of the collected data were t-test and ANOVA, Scheffé method post hoc analysis, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple liner regression using IBM SPSS 22.0. RESULTS: The mean score of obesity stress was moderate (19.05±5.28). The mean score of weight bias was 69.03 and health care was 2.41 points. There are a positive correlation between obesity stress and BMI (r=.19, p<.05). Weight bias (r=-.19, p<.01) and health care (r=-.26, p<.01) among the subjects had negative correlations with BMI. In a multiple liner regression, obesity stress (β=.18, p<.05), health care (β=-.18, p<.05) were associated with BMI. CONCLUSION: Based on the findings that obesity stress and health care influence BMI, there is a need to control stress and to properly set proper guidelines on health care for soldiers.
Bias (Epidemiology)* ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Data Collection ; Delivery of Health Care ; Humans ; Methods ; Military Personnel* ; Obesity*

WebChemDB is an integrated chemical database retrieval system that provides access to over 8 million publicly available chemical structures, including related information on their biological activities and direct links to other public chemical resources, such as PubChem, ChEBI, and DrugBank. The data are publicly available over the web, using two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) structure retrieval systems with various filters and molecular descriptors. The web services API also provides researchers with functionalities to programmatically manipulate, search, and analyze the data.
Databases, Chemical ; Subject Headings

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Considering the increasing age of the general population and the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC), this study examined the characteristics of CRC in the aged, by comparing the clinical, endoscopic and histologic findings of CRC of younger and old patients. METHODS: The records of 232 patients diagnosed with CRC from March 2003 to September 2004 were reviewed retrospectively. Two cohorts based on age, under and over 65 years, were compared for the patient and tumor characteristics. RESULTS: The bowel habit change was significant (p=0.018) and there was a high prevalence of hematochezia in the older patients. The rate of cancer detection via a routine checkup was higher in the younger patients (p=0.015). The incidence of right colon cancer increased with age, and substantially higher in females. More older patients had Dukes stage C disease (p=0.007), while more younger patients had stage D (p=0.022). The incidence of metastasis was high in those with right colon cancer (p=0.009), and significantly higher in female. In females, high-risk tumor such as mucinous or signet-ring was more common in the older patients. The older patients had significantly low CEA levels in the advanced stage. Synchronous CRC was more common in the older patients (8.1% vs. 3.4%) and was located within the adjacent segment. CONCLUSIONS: CRC must be considered when older patients present with changes in their bowel habits or hematochezia. The right colon must be examined closely in older patients, particularly in females. A metastasis should be checked in right colon cancer, particularly in females. In older patients, advanced disease should be considered even in those with a low CEA level, and synchronous CRC must be searched for in the same or adjacent segment to that of the primary cancer.
Aged* ; Cohort Studies ; Colon ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mucins ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND: Liquid-based cytology is currently known as an effective method, and cervical cytology has been shown to be especially effective from of malignancy detection. In our study, the cytological detection rates of the Thinprep (Liquid-based cytology) and conventional cytology (bronchial washing & brushing) for endobronchial lesions were compared. METHODS: Between July 2005 and September 2005, the data from 30 patients with respiration symptom, who had shown abnormal lesion on bronchoscopy, were collected. RESULTS: The bronchoscopic biopsy group was consisted of 30 cytodiagnosis specimens, 24 of which were confirmed to be malignant. The others were tuberculosis (4), bronchiectasis and bronchopulmonary fistula (1 each). Of the 24 malignant case, cancer or atypical cells were detected in 19, 17 and 12 of the Thinprep, brushing cytology and washing cytology cases, respectively. None one of the methods detected cancer cells in the non-malignant specimens. Washing cytology has shown sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 50, 100, 100 and 33.3% respectively. Brushing cytology has shown sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 70.8, 100, 100 and 46.2%, respectively. Thinprep has shown sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 79.2, 100, 100 and 54%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Thinprep (liquid-based cytology) showed better sensitivity and negative predictive values for the evaluation of lung cancer than conventional cytology. However a large-scale study will be needed in the future.
Biopsy ; Bronchiectasis ; Bronchoscopy* ; Cytodiagnosis ; Fistula ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Respiration ; Tuberculosis

PURPOSE: To determine incidence, characteristics and risk factors associated with intrauterine intraventricular hemorrhage(IU-IVH) among premature infants. METHODS: The medical records of infants with intraventricular hemorrhage(IVH) admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Asan Medical Center from January 1999 to June 2003 were reviewed retrospectively. Infants whose IVH with cystic change were detected within five days of life were defined as the IU-IVH group. The control group included those without any IVH. Various maternal and neonatal factors were evaluated between the IU-IVH and control groups, and risk factors for IU-IVH were identified using multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The incidence of IU-IVH was 49/1024(15.9%). Mothers who are younger, primiparous, use less antenatal steroid, and neonates with greater incidence of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, had higher incidences of IU-IVH compared to neonates with normal neurosonography. Risk factors associated with IU-IVH included neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and placenta infarct by placenta biopsy. Most infants with IU-IVH were > or =1,501 g, > or =34 weeks gestational age and had low grade IVH. The size of the cysts associated with IU-IVH remained the same or disappeared in 96 %. IU-IVH does not seem to affect short-term neurodevelopmental outcome although a longer period of follow-up is needed. Conculusion:IU-IVH occurred mostly in > or =1,501 g, > or =34 weeks infants with grade I IVH without developmental delays. However, the high incidence of total IVH merits more attention in terms of awareness of its existence as an unusual IVH among premature infants.
Biopsy ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gestational Age ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Logistic Models ; Medical Records ; Mothers ; Placenta ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

Imperforate hymen is a rare congenital malformation, but it can make hematocolpometra and complications. In most cases definite finding is noticed after menarche as retention of menstrual flow results in abdominal pain, distension of the lower abdomen and often in acute urinary retention. A case of imperforate hymen associated with hematocolpometra at age of 12 was treated satisfactorily by simple crucial incision of hymen and drained of about 450 cc of tarry blood. We present a case of imperforate hymen with a brief review of literatures concerned.
Abdomen ; Abdominal Pain ; Female ; Hymen* ; Menarche ; Urinary Retention

PURPOSE: To compare CT features of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) with those of lymphomas in the small intestine. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT findings of 11 pathologically confirmed GIST patients and 10 lymphoma patients were retrospectively reviewed. CT findings were analyzed with regard to location, size, margin, growth patterns, internal character, enhancement, invasion, vascular encasement, lymphadenopathy, intestinal obstruction and ascites. RESULTS:An extraluminal mass was present in 82% (9/11) of the GIST patients versus 30% (3/10) of the lymphoma patients. Circumferential wall thickening was observed in 80% (8/10) of the lymphoma patients (p<.05). Internal necrosis or gas was present in 73% (8/11) of the GIST patients versus 10% (1/10) of the lymphoma patients (p<.05). Inhomogeneous enhancement was observed in 63% (7/11) of the GIST patients compared to homogeneous enhancement in 90% (9/10) of the lymphoma patients (p<.05). Lymphadenopathy was only observed in 80% (8/10) of the lymphoma patients (p<.05). In other findings such as fatty infiltration, ascites and intestinal obstruction there were no statistically significant differences (p>.05). CONCLUSION: Features revealed by CT scans are highly useful in differentiating GIST from lymphoma of the small intestine. Extraluminal growth and internal necrosis or gas are more common in patients with GIST compared with lymphoma. CT features of circumferential wall thickening and associated lymphadenopathy are more common in patients with lymphoma.
Ascites ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors* ; Humans ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Intestine, Small* ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Lymphoma* ; Necrosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Kimura's disease is a rare, allergic, inflammatory disorder of unknown cause. Patients often present nontender subcutaneous swelling in the head and neck region. Lymphadenopathy, peripheral eosinophilia, and an elevated serum IgE are also present. Kimura's disease is easily mistaken for malignant tumor, and has been confused with angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE). The diagnosis is confirmed by a biopsy. Treatment options range from observation to surgical excision, steroid therapy, and radiotherapy. We summarize characteristics of clinical feature, laboratory results in six cases of Kimura's disease and report the results of treatment, including surgery and steroid therapy. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Between May 1999 and August 2003, six cases were diagnosized as Kimura's disease at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery at the Inha University. Six cases included four males and two females, with the mean age of 47.3 years. Preoperative evaluation included CT or MRI, CBC, and urine analysis. The study was done retrospectively. RESULT: Primary sites were two parotid glands, one submandibular gland, two neck lymph nodes, one scalp and cheek. Complete excision with steroid therapy was done in all cases. Five cases had peripheral eosinophilia. All cases reveal renal involvement, postsurgical complication or recurrence. CONCLUSION: Steroid therapy following surgical excision is the treatment of choice for definitive diagnosis and initial management. Kimura's disease must be included in the differential diagnosis of unusual head and neck mass because Kimura's disease is an unusual condition and it imitates the neoplastic or imflammatory condition in the head and neck.
Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia ; Biopsy ; Cheek ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Eosinophilia ; Female ; Head* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Neck* ; Otolaryngology ; Parotid Gland ; Radiotherapy ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Scalp ; Submandibular Gland

Endometriosis in the abdominal scar following cesarean section is very rare condition among the extrapelvic endometriosis. Abdominal wall endometriosis secondary to cesarean section is being reported in less than 0.5% of patients undergoing cesarean section and has a distinct presentation and treatment. Three patients with history of cesarean section presented with a painful, enlarging mass involving the cesarean section scar. The pain was cyclic and the strongest just prior to menstruation. These patients were treated with surgical excision and specimens had endometriosis confirmed by histopathology. We have experienced three cases of endometriosis in the abdominal scar following cesarean section. So, we report the cases with a brief review of the concerned literatures.
Abdominal Wall ; Cesarean Section* ; Cicatrix* ; Endometriosis* ; Female ; Humans ; Menstruation ; Pregnancy