Purpose: We investigated whether the use of a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor (PDE5i) after robot assited radical prostatectomy has a survival benefit over non-use patients because there are controversial results on the association between PDE5i use and survival outcomes for prostate cancer patients in literature. Materials and Methods: We designed a retrospective, matched, large-sample cohort study of 5,545 patients who underwent robot assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) during 2013–2021 in a single institute. The exclusion criteria was patients who were aged >70 years at surgery, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification grade 4 or 5, history of other malignancies, patients who started PDE5i 6 months after survery and patients with follow up period less than 24 months after surgery. Among the 1,843 included patients, 1,298 were PDE5i users, and 545 were PDE5i non-users. We performed propensity score matching (PSM) of PDE5i users (n=529) with non-users (n=529) by adjusting for the variables of age, Gleason grade group, pathological T stage, preoperative ASA physical status grade, and International Index of Erectile Function score. Results: There were no significant difference in patient characteristics according to PSM. Kaplan–Meier curve revealed the difference of overall survival for PDE5i users and non-users (clustered log-rank test p<0.05). In a stratified Cox regression analysis, PDE5i use after RARP was associated with improved overall survival and reduced risk of death (hazard ratio 0.43; confidence interval 0.24–0.79; p=0.007). The limitation of this study was that the indication for the prescription of PDE5i was not given. Conclusions PDE5i administration after RARP were associated with overall survival of patients with prostate cancer. A further randomized control trial may reveal whether routine use of PDE5i after prostatectomy can improve survival of prostate cancer patient.

Background: There are limited data regarding the extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs) associated with pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Korea. We aimed to investigate the clinical features and factors associated with the development of EIMs in Korean children and adolescents with IBD. Methods: This multicenter, retrospective study was conducted from 2010 to 2017. Baseline clinicodemographic, laboratory findings, disease activity, disease phenotypes, and EIMs were investigated. Results: A total of 172 patients were included. One-hundred thirty-seven (79.7%) had Crohn's disease (CD), and 35 (20.3%) had ulcerative colitis (UC). EIMs occurred in 42 patients (24.4%). EIMs developed in 34/137 diagnosed with CD (24.8%), and in 8/35 diagnosed with UC (22.9%), during a median follow-up duration of 3.2 (interquartile range, 1.9–5.4) years for CD and 3.0 (1.0–4.0) years for UC, respectively. Arthritis/arthralgia was most commonly observed (n = 15, 35.7%), followed by stomatitis/oral ulcer (n = 10, 23.8%), hepatitis (n = 5, 11.9%), nephritis (n = 4, 9.5%), pancreatitis (n = 2, 4.8%), erythema nodosum (n = 2, 4.8%), pyoderma gangrenosum (n = 1, 2.4%), primary sclerosing cholangitis (n = 1, 2.4%), uveitis (n = 1, 2.4%), and ankylosing spondylitis (n = 1, 2.4%). A significant difference in disease severity based on the Paris classification (P = 0.011) and ESR at diagnosis (P = 0.043) was observed between the EIM positive and negative group in patients with UC. According to logistic regression analyses, S1 disease severity based on the Paris classification was the only factor that was significantly associated with the development of EIMs (odds ratio, 16.57; 95% confidence interval, 2.18–287.39; P = 0.017). Conclusion Severe disease activity based on the Paris classification in pediatric patients with UC was significantly associated with EIM development. As disease severity in the Paris classification is a dynamic parameter, treatment should be focused on disease control to minimize the occurrence of EIMs in Korean children and adolescents with UC.

Background and Objectives: Fungus ball is the most common type of fungal sinusitis commonly associated with good prognosis. However, postoperative results depending on the extent of the lesion has not been investigated. This study aimed to identify differences in postoperative results depending on the location and extent of the fungus ball.Subjects and Method Medical records of 165 patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery and who were diagnosed with fungus balls by biopsy from 2010 to 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were classified into four grades according to the location and extent of the fungus ball based on their endoscopic and CT findings. Poor outcome is defined as any pathologic signs such as nasal secretion, granulation, and polyps or narrowing of the natural ostium observed postoperatively according to Kennedy’s criteria, whereas good outcome is defined as absence of pathologic signs. Results: A total of 23 patients were Grade 1, 38 Grade 2, 67 Grade 3, and 37 Grade 4. Grades 1 and 2 were mostly asymptomatic. However, as the location of the fungus ball became closer to the natural ostium, patients complained postnasal drip and purulent discharge. Grades 3 and 4, who have much severe and more extensive lesions than those of Grades 1 and 2, had poor outcome (p=0.007) and took longer time to completely recover (p<0.001). Conclusion Wound healing was delayed and poor when the fungus ball was located closer to the natural ostium of the maxillary sinus. Therefore, preoperative consultation using endoscopic and CT findings could be useful for predicting their postoperative results.

Chryseobacterium indologenes (C. indologenes) is a nonmotile, gram-negative bacillus that is widely distributed in nature. Generally considered nonpathogenic, C. indologenes rarely infects humans and is not normally present in the human microflora. C. indologenes infections have been observed in cases of peritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated peritonitis, although the incidence of these infections is low. Although C. indologenes is generally susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, piperacillin-tazobactam, and cefepime, no guidelines have been established for the treatment of PD-associated peritonitis. Here we report the first case of PD-associated peritonitis in Korea with C. indologenes identified as the sole etiologic agent. The patient recovered after intraperitoneal antibiotic treatment without the need for Tenckhoff catheter removal.
Bacillus ; Catheters ; Chryseobacterium ; Ciprofloxacin ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Levofloxacin ; Peritoneal Dialysis ; Peritonitis ; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the factors related to cancer screening behaviors (CSB). METHODS: The 2014 Korean Community Health Survey used for analysis. The dependent variable was CSB, and the independent variables were demographic, health behavioral, and regional factor. Propensity score matching (PSM) used to control health behavior and regional factors, which were influencing CSB. For statistical analysis, chi-square test and logistic regression analysis used. RESULTS: Logistic regression analysis after PSM showed that gender, age, marital status, educational level, monthly household income, employment type, alcohol drinking, smoking, body mass index group, chronic disease, and subjective health status influenced the CSB, there were statistical differences. CONCLUSIONS: To improve cancer screening (CS), it is necessary to educate individuals on the need for CS and to carry out a personalized CS program based on an individual's demographic status and health behavior.
Alcohol Drinking ; Body Mass Index ; Chronic Disease ; Demography ; Diagnostic Self Evaluation ; Early Detection of Cancer* ; Employment ; Family Characteristics ; Health Behavior ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Marital Status ; Propensity Score ; Smoke ; Smoking

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the factors related to cancer screening behaviors (CSB).METHODS: The 2014 Korean Community Health Survey used for analysis. The dependent variable was CSB, and the independent variables were demographic, health behavioral, and regional factor. Propensity score matching (PSM) used to control health behavior and regional factors, which were influencing CSB. For statistical analysis, chi-square test and logistic regression analysis used.RESULTS: Logistic regression analysis after PSM showed that gender, age, marital status, educational level, monthly household income, employment type, alcohol drinking, smoking, body mass index group, chronic disease, and subjective health status influenced the CSB, there were statistical differences.CONCLUSIONS: To improve cancer screening (CS), it is necessary to educate individuals on the need for CS and to carry out a personalized CS program based on an individual's demographic status and health behavior.
Alcohol Drinking ; Body Mass Index ; Chronic Disease ; Demography ; Diagnostic Self Evaluation ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Employment ; Family Characteristics ; Health Behavior ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Marital Status ; Propensity Score ; Smoke ; Smoking

Chryseobacterium indologenes (C. indologenes) is a nonmotile, gram-negative bacillus that is widely distributed in nature. Generally considered nonpathogenic, C. indologenes rarely infects humans and is not normally present in the human microflora. C. indologenes infections have been observed in cases of peritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated peritonitis, although the incidence of these infections is low. Although C. indologenes is generally susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, piperacillin-tazobactam, and cefepime, no guidelines have been established for the treatment of PD-associated peritonitis. Here we report the first case of PD-associated peritonitis in Korea with C. indologenes identified as the sole etiologic agent. The patient recovered after intraperitoneal antibiotic treatment without the need for Tenckhoff catheter removal.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the factors related to cancer screening behaviors (CSB). METHODS: The 2014 Korean Community Health Survey used for analysis. The dependent variable was CSB, and the independent variables were demographic, health behavioral, and regional factor. Propensity score matching (PSM) used to control health behavior and regional factors, which were influencing CSB. For statistical analysis, chi-square test and logistic regression analysis used. RESULTS: Logistic regression analysis after PSM showed that gender, age, marital status, educational level, monthly household income, employment type, alcohol drinking, smoking, body mass index group, chronic disease, and subjective health status influenced the CSB, there were statistical differences. CONCLUSIONS To improve cancer screening (CS), it is necessary to educate individuals on the need for CS and to carry out a personalized CS program based on an individual's demographic status and health behavior.

Methanol poisoning is a medical emergency that requires rapid elimination of the toxin and its metabolites for recovery. The danger of methanol results from the accumulation of its toxic metabolite formic acid. This accumulation may result in the development of metabolic acidosis, visual impairment, and damage to the basal ganglia. Extracorporeal treatment is recommended in severe cases of methanol poisoning with coma, seizure, new vision deficits, metabolic acidosis, high serum anion gap, elevated methanol concentrations or impaired kidney function. Although the serum methanol concentration is helpful in determining the use of extracorporeal treatment, methanol assays are not standard laboratory tests in Korea. Herein, we report a case of methanol poisoning in which the patient's clinical improvement was confirmed using serum and urine methanol levels.
Acid-Base Equilibrium ; Acidosis ; Basal Ganglia ; Coma ; Emergencies ; Extracorporeal Circulation ; Kidney ; Korea ; Methanol* ; Osmolar Concentration ; Poisoning* ; Renal Replacement Therapy* ; Seizures ; Vision Disorders

Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) is an important cause of reversible acute kidney injury and pathologically characterized by inflammatory infiltrate in the renal interstitium. Solanum nigrum (S. nigrum) is a medicinal plant member of the Solanaceae family. Although S. nigrum has been traditionally used to treat various ailments such as pain, inflammation, and fever, it has also been reported to have a toxic effect, resulting in anticholinergic symptoms. However, there have been no reports of AIN caused by S. nigrum. Here, we report the first case of biopsy-confirmed AIN after ingestion of S. nigrum. The patient was successfully treated using corticosteroid therapy.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Eating ; Fever ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Nephritis, Interstitial* ; Plants, Medicinal ; Solanaceae ; Solanum nigrum* ; Solanum*