Objective To investigate the effects of indirect moxibustion on the expressions of DNA methyltransferases(DNMT)and methylation of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)promoter region in uterine tissues of rats with primary dysmenorrhea(PD);To explore the mechanism of epigenetic regulation of indirect moxibustion on PD model rats.Methods A total of 32 female SD rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group,indirect moxibustion group and Western medicine group,with 8 rats in each group.The PD model with cold dampness stagnation syndrome was established using ice-water baths combined with estradiol benzoate and oxytocin.Starting from the first day of modeling,the indirect moxibustion group received salt-partitioned moxibustion at"Shenque"and ginger-partitioned moxibustion at"Guanyuan"for 20 min,while the Western medicine group was gavaged ibuprofen solution.Both interventions were given once a day for 10 days.On day 11,writhing responses were observed and scored after oxytocin injection,Western blot and RT-qPCR were used to detect protein and mRNA expression of BDNF,DNMT3A and DNMT3B in uterine tissue,immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the positive expressions of DNMT3A and DNMT3B in uterine tissue.The DNA methylation of BDNF promoter region in uterine tissue was detected by sulfite sequencing.Results Compared with the blank group,the writhing latency was shortened and the writhing score increased in the model group(P<0.01);the protein and mRNA expressions of BDNF,DNMT3A and DNMT3B in uterine tissue increased(P<0.01),the positive expressions of DNMT3A and DNMT3B increased(P<0.01),and the DNA methylation rate in BDNF promoter region decreased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the writhing latency was lengthened and the writhing score decreased in the indirect moxibustion group and Western medicine group(P<0.05,P<0.01);the protein and mRNA expressions of BDNF,DNMT3A and DNMT3B in uterine tissue decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01),the positive expressions of DNMT3A and DNMT3B decreased(P<0.01),and the DNA methylation rate in BDNF promoter region increased(P<0.01).Conclusion Indirect moxibustion at"Shenque"and"Guanyuan"may inhibit the transcription of BDNF by increasing the DNA methylation level of BDNF promoter region,and reduce the expression of BDNF,so as to relieve the pain of PD rats.

Objective To investigate the effects of indirect moxibustion on the expressions of DNA methyltransferases(DNMT)and methylation of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)promoter region in uterine tissues of rats with primary dysmenorrhea(PD);To explore the mechanism of epigenetic regulation of indirect moxibustion on PD model rats.Methods A total of 32 female SD rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group,indirect moxibustion group and Western medicine group,with 8 rats in each group.The PD model with cold dampness stagnation syndrome was established using ice-water baths combined with estradiol benzoate and oxytocin.Starting from the first day of modeling,the indirect moxibustion group received salt-partitioned moxibustion at"Shenque"and ginger-partitioned moxibustion at"Guanyuan"for 20 min,while the Western medicine group was gavaged ibuprofen solution.Both interventions were given once a day for 10 days.On day 11,writhing responses were observed and scored after oxytocin injection,Western blot and RT-qPCR were used to detect protein and mRNA expression of BDNF,DNMT3A and DNMT3B in uterine tissue,immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the positive expressions of DNMT3A and DNMT3B in uterine tissue.The DNA methylation of BDNF promoter region in uterine tissue was detected by sulfite sequencing.Results Compared with the blank group,the writhing latency was shortened and the writhing score increased in the model group(P<0.01);the protein and mRNA expressions of BDNF,DNMT3A and DNMT3B in uterine tissue increased(P<0.01),the positive expressions of DNMT3A and DNMT3B increased(P<0.01),and the DNA methylation rate in BDNF promoter region decreased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the writhing latency was lengthened and the writhing score decreased in the indirect moxibustion group and Western medicine group(P<0.05,P<0.01);the protein and mRNA expressions of BDNF,DNMT3A and DNMT3B in uterine tissue decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01),the positive expressions of DNMT3A and DNMT3B decreased(P<0.01),and the DNA methylation rate in BDNF promoter region increased(P<0.01).Conclusion Indirect moxibustion at"Shenque"and"Guanyuan"may inhibit the transcription of BDNF by increasing the DNA methylation level of BDNF promoter region,and reduce the expression of BDNF,so as to relieve the pain of PD rats.

Lung cancer is the malignant tumor with the highest mortality rate in the world. Radiotherapy plays an important role in the comprehensive treatment of lung cancer. With the continuous advancement of radiotherapy technology and equipment, it has become one of the effective therapeutic options for lung cancer. In recent years, artificial intelligence technology has developed rapidly and has been widely applied in clinical practice, especially in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer imaging. The image database can be obtained by sorting and summarizing the images, which can be used in clinical work and scientific research. In this article, the application of artificial intelligence in lung cancer radiotherapy imaging and lung cancer imaging database was reviewed, aiming to provide reference for the construction of artificial intelligence radiotherapy imaging database for lung cancer.

Radiotherapy is one of the most important components of cancer treatment. Image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) is the mainstream tool in the precision radiation oncology. Magnetic resonance (MR) accelerator can perform MRI for tumors during radiotherapy, deliver real-time tracing and monitoring of tumors and thus realize the MRI-guided adaptive radiotherapy. Here, the latest research status and clinical application of MR accelerator in lung cancer were reviewed.

Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) is a well-known tropical tree indigenous to Southeast Asia. Its fruit's pericarp abounds with a class of isoprenylated xanthones which are referred as mangostins. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that mangostins and their derivatives possess diverse pharmacological activities, such as antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, anticarcinogenic, antiatherogenic activities as well as neuroprotective properties in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This review article provides a comprehensive review of the pharmacological activities of mangostins and their derivatives to reveal their promising utilities in the treatment of certain important diseases, mainly focusing on the discussions of the underlying molecular targets/pathways, modes of action, and relevant structure-activity relationships (SARs). Meanwhile, the pharmacokinetics (PK) profile and recent toxicological studies of mangostins are also described for further druggability exploration in the future.
Animals ; Anti-Infective Agents ; pharmacology ; Anticarcinogenic Agents ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Cardiovascular Agents ; pharmacology ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Garcinia mangostana ; chemistry ; Humans ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Xanthones ; pharmacology

To make clear of the absorbed components of Tianzhusan (TZS) and its possible mechanism in preventing vascular dementia (VD), the rats' models of VD were prepared by a permanent ligation of the bilateral common carotid arteries. After 60 days, rats were administrated with TZS for 0.1 g x kg(-1), and the volume is 0.02 mL x g(-1). After 3 days, the medicated serum was prepared and detected by UPLC, and then we predicted the possible chemical structure of the absorbed components of TZS. According to the absorbed components, the potential targets of TZS were found by ligand profiling of Discovery Studio 3.5. All of these target genes were submitted to DAVID onine for gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). The 5 absorbed components of TZS have been predicted, and four of them have been identified as parishin B, parishin C, parishin, pennogenin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosy-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucoside. Through reverse finding targets, we got 861 pharmacophore models and 9 pathways from KEGG, BIOCARTA after document verification. These results showed that the efficacy mechanism of TZS on VD perhaps were be related with these absorbed components and pathways. If the traditional herbs could be proved effective by efficacy tests, the serum pharmacochemistry, computer-aided drug design, system biology and other technologies can be used in the next experiments, which will be beneficial to fast discovery of material basis and mechanisms of traditional medicine coming form ethnic minorities.
Animals ; Dementia, Vascular ; prevention & control ; Drug Discovery ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Gastrodia ; chemistry ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Trillium ; chemistry

To construct and express the fusion protein that combines Trichinella spiralis heat shock protein 70 with excretory-secretory antigen Ts87, restriction enzyme EcoRⅠ site was applied to fuse Ts-Hsp70 with Ts87.The target genes were inserted into plasmid pET28-a ( +), and transformed into E.coli.BL21 (DE3).After expression and purification, the fusion protein rTs-Hsp70-Ts87 was characterized by SDS-PAGE and Western blot.The results showed that the fusion gene was 2 721 bp.The results of PCR, enzyme digestion and sequencing analysis showed that the recombinant plasmid was affirmed to be successfully constructed.The fusion protein rTs-Hsp70-Ts87 was expressed with IPTG induction and purified by Ni-affinity chromatography and refolded.The results of SDS-PAGE and Western blot indicated that molecular weight of the protein is about 100 kDa, and it could be recognized by anti His-tag monoclonal antibody, anti-rTs-Hsp70 immune serum and anti-rTs87 immune serum.In conclusion, T.spiralis recombinant fusion protein rTs-Hsp70-Ts87 was constructed and expressed successfully, which had laid the groundwork for further research.

Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of using orthogonal kilo voltage fluoroscopic imaging(OKVFI)for setup correction in image guided radiotherapy of the liver.Methods After positioned the patients with liver cancer implanted with silver rings on the accelerator equipped with kilo voltage X-ray volume imaging(XVI),averaged OKVFI and cone beam CT(CBCT) volumetric images were acquired.A total of 90 datasets of averaged OKVFI and 90 datasets of volumetric images for 10 patients were obtained.The couch shifts obtained by the matching between OKVFI and digitally reconstructed radiograph were compared tu those achieved by the registration between CBCT and 4D reference average CT.On the comparison of the two different matching metheds.the Pearson coefficient was used to analyzed the correlation and Bland-Altman analysis to discern the consistence.Results The Pearson coefficient of correlation for the patient position shifts were R2=0.821.0.771 and 0.909 in the left-right (LR),anterior-posterior(AP)and superior-inferior(SI)directions respectively.95% CI were-2.30 -1.53(LR),-2.06-3.01(AP)and-2.69-1.53(SI)respectively.Within a±3 mm tolerance were 97.78%.95.56%and 96.67%respectively.Conclusions OKVFI has hish correlation and consistence with CBCT image on the setup correction.It is feasible to implement position correction with OKVFI in clinic practice.

OBJECTIVETo establish a highly expressing and replicating hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome transgenic mouse models for screening anti-HBV drugs and investigating the pathogenesis of hepatitis B.

METHODSElongated HBV genome as the investigated gene was transducted into the pronuclei of the fertilized eggs of mice by the technique of microinjection, then the eggs were transplanted into the oviducts of the pseudopregnant mice. All the newborn mice were screened and identified by PCR and Southern blot detecting genomic DNA in tail tissue, then the positive mice were examined plasma HBsAg, HBeAg by ELISA and plasma HBV DNA by Southern blot.

RESULTSAmong the 61 offsprings, 18 were positive for tail tissue HBV DNA examination, 7 of which were positive for replication and expression detection.

CONCLUSIONTransgenic mice with elongated HBV genome possess high efficiency of replication and expression, which can be used for further investigation.

Animals ; DNA Replication ; DNA, Viral ; genetics ; Disease Models, Animal ; Genome, Viral ; Hepatitis B ; virology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; genetics ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; genetics ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; genetics ; Virus Replication