Real-time, noninvasive programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) testing using molecular imaging has enhanced our understanding of the immune environments of neoplasms and has served as a guide for immunotherapy. However, the utilization of radiotracers in the imaging of human brain tumors using positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) remains limited. This investigation involved the synthesis of [¹⁸F]AlF-NOTA-PCP2, which is a novel peptide-based radiolabeled tracer that targets PD-L1, and evaluated its imaging capabilities in orthotopic glioblastoma (GBM) models. Using this tracer, we could noninvasively monitor radiation-induced PD-L1 changes in GBM. [¹⁸F]AlF-NOTA-PCP2 exhibited high radiochemical purity (>95%) and stability up to 4 h after synthesis. It demonstrated specific, high-affinity binding to PD-L1 in vitro and in vivo, with a dissociation constant of 0.24 nM. PET/CT imaging, integrated with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, revealed significant accumulation of [¹⁸F]AlF-NOTA-PCP2 in orthotopic tumors, correlating with blood-brain barrier disruption. After radiotherapy (15 Gy), [¹⁸F]AlF-NOTA-PCP2 uptake in tumors increased from 9.51% ± 0.73% to 12.04% ± 1.43%, indicating enhanced PD-L1 expression consistent with immunohistochemistry findings. Fractionated radiation (5 Gy × 3) further amplified PD-L1 upregulation (13.9% ± 1.54% ID/cc) compared with a single dose (11.48% ± 1.05% ID/cc). Taken together, [¹⁸F]AlF-NOTA-PCP2 may be a valuable tool for noninvasively monitoring PD-L1 expression in brain tumors after radiotherapy.

Objective To explore the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic left renal vein stent implantation combined with microsurgical varicocelectomy in the treatment of nutcracker syndrome complicated with varicocele.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 50 patients with nutcracker syndrome complicated with varicocele admitted to our hospital during Nov.2018 and Jul.2023.All patients underwent laparoscopic left renal vein stent implantation combined with microsurgical varicocelectomy.Results Altogether 47 patients were followed up after operation,with a mean age of(21.45±3.84)years.All operations were successful,and gross hematuria,proteinuria,abdominal pain and other symptoms relieved within 3-7 days after surgery.Postoperative follow-up showed that no patients had serious complications or recurrence of clinical symptoms.Left renal vein ultrasound and CT showed that the blood flow of the left renal vein was restored,and the stent position was stable.Compared with those before surgery,the angle between the abdominal aorta and the superior mesenteric artery[(44.91±6.59)° vs.(22.58±6.61)°]and the diameter of the left renal vein at the angle[(6.03±0.99)mm vs.(1.87±0.46)mm]were significantly increased,and the blood flow velocity of the left renal vein at the angle[(48.77±14.79)cm/s vs.(102.53±41.15)cm/s]was significantly decreased,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.001).Scrotal ultrasound confirmed that there was no recurrence of varicocele 6 months after surgery,and the diameter of the spermatic vein was significantly reduced,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.001).Semen analysis showed that the sperm concentration[(60.27±48.45)×106/mL vs.(36.57±36.67)×106/mL,P=0.032]and percentage of rapid forward movement of sperm were significantly increased[(22.54±10.70)vs.(15.01±10.77),P=0.005],with statistically significant differences.The increase value of semen concentration[(23.7±41.48)×106/mL vs.(6.12±4.97)×106/mL,P=0.016)]increased after combined operation compared with left renal venous stenting alone,and there was no significant difference in the diameter of spermatic vein,inner diameter of renal vein and flow rate between the two surgical methods(P＞0.05).Conclusion Laparoscopic left renal vein stent implantation combined with microsurgical varicocelectomy is a minimally invasive,safe and effective method for the treatment of nutcracker syndrome complicated with varicocele.

Objective: In this study, the aim was to investigate the inhibitory effect of 6,6′-bieckol on the migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, and explore its potential molecular mechanisms. Methods: Cell migration was measured using a CCK8, wound healing, and transwell migration assay. Apoptosis was determined using an Annexin V/propidium iodide staining. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to examine the expression level of apoptosis-related proteins and EMT marker proteins. Results: The results showed that 6,6′-bieckol inhibited migration and induced apoptosis of NSCLC cells. Furthermore, 6,6′-bieckol had significantly up-regulated the E-cadherin and down-regulated Snail1 and Twist1 transcriptional levels. 6,6′-Bieckol might inhibit TGF-β-induced EMT by down-regulating Snail1 and Twist1 and up-regulating E-cadherin in lung cancer cells. Conclusion: It is suggested that 6,6′-bieckol has the potential to be developed as a therapeutic candidate for lung cancer.

Objective:By analyzing the clinical characteristics of anti-Ku antibody associated disease, this paper aims to improve the diagnosis and treatment level of it.Methods:The clinical symptoms, laboratory tests and prognosis of 40 anti-Ku-antibody positive patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from September 2017 to September 2019 were retrospectively collected, and then hierarchical clustering analyzed.Results:The average age of 40 anti-Ku positive patients was 48±18 years, and the male to female ratio was 1∶4. The average follow-up was (11±7) months, of which 2 cases were accompanied by malignant tumors and 3 cases died. Interstitial lung disease was most common and was found in 24 cases (60%). The most common disease was inflammatory myopathy (11 cases, 28%), followed by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (9 cases, 22%). According to hierarchical cluster analysis, the anti-Ku-antibodies positive patients were divided into 3 groups. Among them, group A had the highest incidence of pulmonary interstitial fibrosis (84%, P<0.01), and the lowest incidence of renal involvement (0, P<0.01), cytopenia (0, P<0.01), serositis (0, P<0.01). Although the incidence of anti-Jo-1 antibody positivity in group A was the highest (16%, P=0.44) but without statistically significant difference. The characters of group A were in line with inflammatory myopathy. Group C had the highest incidence of renal involvement (57%), lupus rash (71%), cytopenia (57%), low complement (71%) and lupus-related antibodies positivity ( P value were all<0.05), which was in line with SLE. These two groups had their own significant biological characteristics, and were rarely overlapped. Conclusion:Anti-Ku antibody appears in a wide spectrum of autoimmune diseases, among which inflammatory myopathy is the most common, followed by SLE. Patients with anti-Ku antibody rarely have SLE and myositis overlapped, and the overall prognosis is good, but it is necessary to be alert to complications, such as tumors.

Objective:To investigate the expressions of lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) and podoplanin (PDPN) in tongue squamous cell carcinoma and the correlation between LSD1 or PDPN and clinicopathological characteristics or prognosis.Methods:A total of 67 cases of tongue squamous cell carcinoma and corresponding paracancerous normal tissues in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2011 to January 2016 were selected. The expressions of LSD1 and PDPN in cancer and paracancerous tissues were detected by immunohistochemical method, and the patients were followed up for a long time to analyze the correlation between the expression of LSD1 or PDPN and clinicopathological characteristics or prognosis.Results:The expressions of LSD1 and PDPN in tongue squamous cell carcinoma tissues were higher than those in paracancerous tissues, and the differences were statistically significant ( Z=6.089, P<0.001; Z=5.781, P<0.001). The expression intensities of LSD1 and PDPN were significantly different in patients with different clinical stage ( χ2=11.487, P=0.001; χ2=8.111, P=0.004), lymph node metastasis ( χ2=4.772, P=0.029; χ2=6.206, P=0.013) and tumor size ( χ2=5.985, P=0.014; χ2=4.247, P=0.039). The expression intensity of LSD1 was also significantly different in patients with different degrees of differentiation ( χ2=6.660, P=0.010). In univariate analysis, LSD1 expression intensity was negatively correlated with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) ( χ2=18.930, P<0.001; χ2=16.257, P<0.001), PDPN expression intensity was negatively correlated with PFS and OS ( χ2=31.720, P<0.001; χ2=18.390, P<0.001), and tumor size was negatively correlated with PFS and OS ( χ2=5.326, P=0.021; χ2=8.843, P=0.003). Postoperative radiotherapy and clinical stage were positively and negatively correlated with OS respectively ( χ2=4.197, P=0.040; χ2=6.355, P=0.012). In multivariate analysis, LSD1 was an independent risk factor for PFS and OS ( HR=5.743, 95% CI: 1.012-32.579, P=0.048; HR=17.759, 95% CI: 2.303-136.916, P=0.006), PDPN was an independent risk factor for PFS ( HR=4.380, 95% CI: 1.258-15.254, P=0.020), postoperative radiotherapy was a protective factor for PFS and OS ( HR=0.374, 95% CI: 0.157-0.895, P=0.027; HR=0.218, 95% CI: 0.091-0.521, P=0.001), and clinical stage was an independent risk factor for OS ( HR=2.637, 95% CI: 1.107-6.280, P=0.029). In tongue squamous cell carcinoma tissues, the expression of LSD1 was positively correlated with that of PDPN ( rs=0.655, P<0.001). Conclusion:The expressions of LSD1 and PDPN in tongue squamous cell carcinoma are higher than those in adjacent tissues. LSD1 is an independent risk factor for PFS and OS, PDPN is an independent risk factor for PFS, clinical stage is an independent risk factor for OS, and postoperative radiotherapy is a protective factor for PFS and OS. There is a positive correlation between the expressions of LSD1 and PDPN in tongue squamous cell carcinoma, and they can both be used as independent predictors of prognosis in patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

A total of 71 patients with premature ejaculation (PE) received hydrochloride sertraline treatment for 8 weeks and their serum levels of leptin and 5-hydroxytrytamine (5-HT) were determined.Their ejaculation functions were assessed with intravaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT) and Chinese index of premature ejaculation (CIPE-5) value.The study was compared with 64 normal males as control.The baseline level of leptin in the trial group was obviously higher than the controls (P ＜ 0.05) while the level of 5-HT in the trial group far lower than the controls (P ＜ 0.05).At 8 weeks,the level of leptin dropped while the level of 5-HT rose in the trial group after treatment.Therefore a high serum level of leptin and a low serum level of 5-HT may become biological indicators for PE.

Objective To assess the outcomes of the surgical treatment of supination external rotation trimalleolar fractures,comparing the techniques of lateral plating and antiglide plating as described previously.Methods This is a retrospective review.A total of 31 patients meeting our inclusion criteria,with supination external rotation trimalleolar fractures surgically treated between 2009 and 2011,were studied.17 patients were treated with antiglide plating,whereas the remaining 14 patients underwent traditional lateral plating.They were followed up by a period ranging from 14 to 38 months(average,26 months).The functional results were evaluated with olerud and molander scoring system described previously.All the data including time to surgery,operating room time,tourniquet time,hospital stay and ankle joint function scores,were respectively analyzed in accordance with the complete randomized design t-test.Results There was no statistically significant in time to surgery,operating room,tourniquet time,hospital stay and ankle joint functional scores.Conclusions The outcome of the surgical management of supination external rotation trimalleolar fracture is comparable with both techniques.Our data do not support one technique over the other.

Objective To investigate the interrelationship between leptin and 5-hydroxy tryptamine (5-HT)and their significance in diagnosis of premature ejaculation(PE).Methods 71 cases with lifelong PE(the trial group)and 64 healthy males(the control group)were enrolled in this case-control study.Baseline recording of intravaginal ejaculation latency time(IELT) using a stop watch and Chinese Index of Premature Ejaculation-5 (CIPE-5) were done.The serum leptin and 5-HT levels were determined.Then the trial group were given sertraline hydrochloride for 8 weeks,while the control group were not given any medicine treatment in this period.Reassessment was done after 8 weeks.Results At the baseline,the leptin level in the trial group was obviously higher than the control group(P ＜ 0.05),while 5-HT level in the trial group was far lower than the control group(P ＜0.05).After 8 weeks,the leptin level of the trial group dropped and the difference had no statistical significance with that of the control group(P ＞0.05).5-HT level of the trial group rose to the level very close to that of the control group after the treatment.Conclusion The high level of serum leptin and low level of serum 5-HT were the meaningful biological indicators for PE,which can potentially be applied in PE diagnosis.

Fifty nine patients with premature ejaculation (PE) received sertraline treatment for 8 weeks.The average intravaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT) and the scores of Chinese index of premature ejaculation (CIPE) were evaluated and the fasting serum leptin levels were measured before and after treatment,all the values were compared with those of 64 normal male controls.The serum leptin levels were higher,the IELT and CIPE scores were lower in PE patients than those in normal controls before treatment.After 8 weeks of treatment with sertraline,the levels of serum leptin in PE patients decreased to normal levels,CIPE and IELT increased.The results indicate that serum leptin can be used as a bioindicator for diagnosis of premature ejaculation and assessment of therapeutic efficacy in PE patients.

OBJECTIVETo study anti-HIV activity and mechanism of Cynanchum otophyllum glucan sulfate in vitro.

METHODAnti-HIV-1 activity was detected with syncytial formation assay and quantitative P24 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); cytotoxicity was tested with MTT colorimetric assay. Antiviral mechanism was investigated by fusion inhibition, time of addition and pre-treatment experiments.

RESULTThe 50% inhibition concentrations (IC50) of PS20 for HIV-1(IIIB), HIV-1(Ada-M), and HIV-1(Bal), were 0.26, 0.46, 0.90 micromol x L(-1), respectively. Studies on antiviral mechanism of PS20 showed that target molecule may be viral envelope protein.

CONCLUSIONThe results suggested that PS20 had high anti-HIV activity and was worth to be studied further.

Anti-HIV Agents ; pharmacology ; Cell Fusion ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cynanchum ; chemistry ; Glucans ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; HIV-1 ; drug effects ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; drug effects