BACKGROUND:In recent years,postmenopausal osteoporosis has been widely concerned by the society.With the gradual deepening of the research on animal models,animal models have become an important means of modern traditional Chinese medicine research as well as the experimental basis.Therefore,it is particularly important to understand the current status,hotspots,and development trend of the research on animal models.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the research status,hotspots,and development trend of animal models of postmenopausal osteoporosis at home and abroad,and to provide a certain theoretical foundation and reference basis for subsequent research.METHODS:Using"Subject=Postmenopausal osteoporosis AND Subject line=Mouse+Rabbit+Dog+Pig+Sheep+Monkey+Fish+Laboratory animals+Animal experimentation"in Chinese as the search formula,we searched for relevant literature published from January 1,1999 to October 1,2023 in CNKI and WanFang databases.Meanwhile,the articles published from January 1,1999 to October 1,2023 in the Web of Science Core Collection database were searched using"TS=(Postmenopausal osteoporosis)AND TS=(mouse OR mice OR rat OR rabbit OR dog OR swine OR pig OR sheep OR monkey OR fish OR flies OR"laboratory animal"OR"experiment animal"as the search formula.CiteSpace software was applied to visualize and analyze the authors,institutions,countries,keywords,and literature co-citations.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)After analyzing and screening,1 238 documents were included in the CNKI and WanFang databases,and 3 419 documents were included in the Web of Science Core Collection database.The overall number of articles issued since 1999 has been on an upward trend,with the highest research centrality in the United States,the highest number of articles issued in China.Moreover,the institution with the highest research centrality is the University of California.(2)After removing the keywords directly related to the article topics and synthesizing the co-occurrence frequency and centrality,"biomechanics,""Zuo Gui Wan,""alendronate,""breast cancer,"and"biochemical indicators"are in the core of the research field.(3)According to the analysis of co-citations,among the top 10 cited documents,5 of them are related to the treatment measures and clinical efficacy of postmenopausal osteoporosis.(4)Based on the analysis of keywords and co-cited literature,investigations on osteoblast formation and the mechanism of bone formation,the mechanism of metabolomics,the treatment of traditional Chinese medicine,signaling pathway,parathyroid hormone treatment,and sclerostin antibody treatment are the hot research topics now and the future research trends.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of breast-conserving surgery(BCS)after neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NC)for triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC).Methods One hundred and thirty-two TNBC patients who were admitted to The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from Jun.2014 to Jun.2017 were divided into NC group(62 patients who received NC followed by BCS)and control group(70 patients who received only conventional standard BCS).The response rate was calculated for patients in the NC group.The general clinicopathological data of the 2 groups were compared.The disease-free survival(DFS)of the 2 groups was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method,and the effect of NC followed by BCS on the DFS was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression method.Results The response rate of patients in the NC group was 96.8%(60/62).There were no differences in age,histological grade,axillary lymph node status or Ki67 index between the 2 groups(all P＞0.05),and the maximum tumor diameter after NC in the NC group was similar to that of the control group(P＞0.05).The ratio of intraventricular cancerous thrombus invasion cases was higher in the NC group than in the control group(P＜0.01).The 1-,3-,and 5-year DFS rates in the NC group were 100%(62 cases),93.5%(58 cases),and 69.4%(43 cases),respectively,with a mean of 55.5 months;the 1-,3-,and 5-year DFS rates in the control group were 100%(70 cases),95.7%(67 cases),and 72.9%(51 cases),respectively,with a mean of 55.6 months;and there was no difference in DFS between the 2 groups(P＞0.05).Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that BCS after NC was not a risk factor for DFS in patients with TNBC(hazard ratio=1.133,95%confidence interval 0.600-2.139,P=0.701).Conclusion The response rate to NC is high in TNBC patients,and the treatment strategy of BCS after NC is feasible.

[Objective]To investigate the prognostic role of radiotherapy in women aged 70 years or older with breast cancer.[Methods]A total of 311 women aged 70 years or older with breast cancer undergoing breast-conserving surgery in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University between February 28,2011 and February 28,2021,were divided into two groups:183 patients in the control group were given postoperative radiotherapy,and 128 patients in the case group were not treated by radiotherapy.The nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test or χ2 test was used to compare the general clinicopathological data of the two groups,the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test to analyze the disease-free survival(DFS)and overall survival(OS),multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model to examine the factors affecting DFS and OS.Additional subgroup analysis was performed.[Results]There were no statistically significant differences between the control and case groups in age,T-stage,N-stage,tumor clinical stage,estrogen receptor(ER),progesterone receptor(PR)and human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2(HER2)statuses,Ki-67,tumor histological grade,tumor pathological type,and whether they received adjuvant chemotherapy or postoperative endocrine therapy(all P>0.05).The median follow-up was 110.0(95%CI:98.9,121.1)months for the control group and 93.0(95%CI:86.1,100.0)months for the case group.Differences between the two groups in DFS rate were significant(92.9%vs.85.2%,P=0.024),but in OS rate insignificant(92.3%vs.88.3%,P=0.199).Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that T-stage,N-stage(N2 and N3),HER2 status,Ki-67,tumor histological grade(grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ),and no radiotherapy were independent risk factors for DFS in elderly breast cancer patients(all P<0.05),while ER status was an independent protective factor(P<0.05).The independent risk factors for OS in elderly breast cancer patients included tumor stage,N-stage(N2 and N3),HER2 status,and Ki-67(all P<0.05),and ER status was an independent protective factor(P<0.05).Subgroup analysis revealed that in elderly hormone receptor(HR)-negative breast cancer patients,the median follow-ups of the control and case groups were 123.0(95%CI:116.8,129.2)months and 88.0(95%CI:75.2,100.8)months,respectively,with a statistically significant difference both in DFS(91.3%vs.68.6%,P=0.008)and OS rates(89.1%vs.71.4%,P=0.027).[Conclusions]Post-breast-conserving radiotherapy provides a limited survival benefit in the overall elderly breast cancer patients,but a significant survival benefit in the elderly HR-negative breast cancer patients,which suggests the need for a prospective randomized controlled trial of a stratified step-down strategy for radiotherapy in elderly breast cancer patients.

BACKGROUND:Although obesity is associated with osteoarthritis,it remains unclear whether visceral adipose tissue has a causal relationship with osteoarthritis. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the causal relationship between visceral adipose tissue and osteoarthritis using two-sample Mendelian randomization methods. METHODS:A total of 221 single nucleotide polymorphisms strongly associated with visceral adipose tissue without linkage disequilibrium were screened from the genome-wide association study (GWAS). Pooled data for osteoarthritis were derived from a large genome-wide association analysis that included up to 826690 subjects (177517 osteoarthritis patients and 649173 controls) from nine different populations. We conducted two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses to assess the causal associations between visceral adipose tissue and early-onset any-site osteoarthritis (before age 45),any-site osteoarthritis,knee osteoarthritis,hip osteoarthritis,knee or hip osteoarthritis,spinal osteoarthritis,thumb osteoarthritis,and finger osteoarthritis. Inverse variance weighting was employed as the primary Mendelian randomization analysis method,with weighted median and MR-Egger methods used for supplementary clarification. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Inverse variance weighting results revealed a positive causal effect of visceral adipose tissue on eight types of osteoarthritis:early-onset any-site osteoarthritis[odds ratio (OR)=1.91,95％ confidence interval (CI):1.64-2.24,P=6.04×10-16],any-site osteoarthritis (OR=1.44,95％ CI:1.38-1.49,P=3.65×10-75),knee osteoarthritis (OR=1.87,95％ CI:1.75-2.00,P=1.29×10-79),hip osteoarthritis (OR=1.34,95％ CI:1.24-1.45,P=2.84×10-14),knee or hip osteoarthritis (OR=1.71,95％ CI:1.62-1.80,P=2.97×10-83),spinal osteoarthritis (OR=1.42,95％ CI:1.31-1.54,P=8.89×10-17),thumb osteoarthritis (OR=1.26,95％ CI:1.10-1.44,P=6.21×10-4),and finger osteoarthritis (OR=1.29,95％ CI:1.13-1.49,P=2.68×10-4). Sensitivity analyses showed no heterogeneity,pleiotropy,or outliers in the causal effects of visceral adipose tissue on the eight types of osteoarthritis. These findings indicate that visceral adipose tissue is a risk factor of osteoarthritis,and excessive visceral adipose tissue may increase the risk of osteoarthritis.

BACKGROUND:In recent years,with the deepening of macrophage research,researchers have found that the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory functions of macrophage polarization play a crucial role in the occurrence and progression of osteoarticular diseases.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the current status,hotspots,and development trends of macrophage polarization in osteoarticular diseases in order to provide reference for the subsequent scientific research work.METHODS:Using TS=("polarization of macrophages or macrophage polarization or macrophages polarization")AND TS=("arthritis or osteoarthritis or osteoporosis or degeneration intervertebral disc or necrosis of femoral head or rheumatoid arthritis")as the search formula,relevant literature addressing macrophage polarization in osteoarticular diseases were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection SCI-Expanded from January 01,2014 to June 01,2024.Citespace 6.3.R1 software was used for visual analysis of the publishing countries/regions,institutions,authors,journals,citation reference,and keywords,and then knowledge maps were drawn.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)A total of 420 papers were included after analysis and retrieval.The overall trend of publication volume is rising.The country with the highest volume and degree centrality is China.The institution with the most publications is Shanghai Jiao Tong University.The author with the most publications is Cai Daozhang.The journal with the most publications is International Immunopharmocology.(2)By integrating the frequency and centrality of keywords and excluding keywords directly related to the topic,it is known that the core keywords in this field are apoptosis,cartilage,differentiation,gene expression,and cytokines.(3)In the co-citation analysis of papers,among the top 10 cited documents,7 papers discuss the pathogenesis or therapeutic potential of macrophages in diseases,2 papers focus on the development of drugs or materials targeting macrophage polarization,and 1 paper reviews the current status of arthritis research.(4)Combining the co-citation analysis of papers and keywords,the current research hotspots focus on synergistic effect,the occurrence and regulatory mechanisms of polarization,the mechanism of transcriptomics,and the impact on related diseases and targeted tissues.As well,developing biomaterials with the function of regulating macrophage polarization and regulating the phenotype of macrophage polarization through drug targeting delivery systems may become the future research trends.

BACKGROUND:In recent years,postmenopausal osteoporosis has been widely concerned by the society.With the gradual deepening of the research on animal models,animal models have become an important means of modern traditional Chinese medicine research as well as the experimental basis.Therefore,it is particularly important to understand the current status,hotspots,and development trend of the research on animal models.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the research status,hotspots,and development trend of animal models of postmenopausal osteoporosis at home and abroad,and to provide a certain theoretical foundation and reference basis for subsequent research.METHODS:Using"Subject=Postmenopausal osteoporosis AND Subject line=Mouse+Rabbit+Dog+Pig+Sheep+Monkey+Fish+Laboratory animals+Animal experimentation"in Chinese as the search formula,we searched for relevant literature published from January 1,1999 to October 1,2023 in CNKI and WanFang databases.Meanwhile,the articles published from January 1,1999 to October 1,2023 in the Web of Science Core Collection database were searched using"TS=(Postmenopausal osteoporosis)AND TS=(mouse OR mice OR rat OR rabbit OR dog OR swine OR pig OR sheep OR monkey OR fish OR flies OR"laboratory animal"OR"experiment animal"as the search formula.CiteSpace software was applied to visualize and analyze the authors,institutions,countries,keywords,and literature co-citations.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)After analyzing and screening,1 238 documents were included in the CNKI and WanFang databases,and 3 419 documents were included in the Web of Science Core Collection database.The overall number of articles issued since 1999 has been on an upward trend,with the highest research centrality in the United States,the highest number of articles issued in China.Moreover,the institution with the highest research centrality is the University of California.(2)After removing the keywords directly related to the article topics and synthesizing the co-occurrence frequency and centrality,"biomechanics,""Zuo Gui Wan,""alendronate,""breast cancer,"and"biochemical indicators"are in the core of the research field.(3)According to the analysis of co-citations,among the top 10 cited documents,5 of them are related to the treatment measures and clinical efficacy of postmenopausal osteoporosis.(4)Based on the analysis of keywords and co-cited literature,investigations on osteoblast formation and the mechanism of bone formation,the mechanism of metabolomics,the treatment of traditional Chinese medicine,signaling pathway,parathyroid hormone treatment,and sclerostin antibody treatment are the hot research topics now and the future research trends.

BACKGROUND:Although obesity is associated with osteoarthritis,it remains unclear whether visceral adipose tissue has a causal relationship with osteoarthritis. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the causal relationship between visceral adipose tissue and osteoarthritis using two-sample Mendelian randomization methods. METHODS:A total of 221 single nucleotide polymorphisms strongly associated with visceral adipose tissue without linkage disequilibrium were screened from the genome-wide association study (GWAS). Pooled data for osteoarthritis were derived from a large genome-wide association analysis that included up to 826690 subjects (177517 osteoarthritis patients and 649173 controls) from nine different populations. We conducted two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses to assess the causal associations between visceral adipose tissue and early-onset any-site osteoarthritis (before age 45),any-site osteoarthritis,knee osteoarthritis,hip osteoarthritis,knee or hip osteoarthritis,spinal osteoarthritis,thumb osteoarthritis,and finger osteoarthritis. Inverse variance weighting was employed as the primary Mendelian randomization analysis method,with weighted median and MR-Egger methods used for supplementary clarification. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Inverse variance weighting results revealed a positive causal effect of visceral adipose tissue on eight types of osteoarthritis:early-onset any-site osteoarthritis[odds ratio (OR)=1.91,95％ confidence interval (CI):1.64-2.24,P=6.04×10-16],any-site osteoarthritis (OR=1.44,95％ CI:1.38-1.49,P=3.65×10-75),knee osteoarthritis (OR=1.87,95％ CI:1.75-2.00,P=1.29×10-79),hip osteoarthritis (OR=1.34,95％ CI:1.24-1.45,P=2.84×10-14),knee or hip osteoarthritis (OR=1.71,95％ CI:1.62-1.80,P=2.97×10-83),spinal osteoarthritis (OR=1.42,95％ CI:1.31-1.54,P=8.89×10-17),thumb osteoarthritis (OR=1.26,95％ CI:1.10-1.44,P=6.21×10-4),and finger osteoarthritis (OR=1.29,95％ CI:1.13-1.49,P=2.68×10-4). Sensitivity analyses showed no heterogeneity,pleiotropy,or outliers in the causal effects of visceral adipose tissue on the eight types of osteoarthritis. These findings indicate that visceral adipose tissue is a risk factor of osteoarthritis,and excessive visceral adipose tissue may increase the risk of osteoarthritis.

BACKGROUND:In recent years,with the deepening of macrophage research,researchers have found that the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory functions of macrophage polarization play a crucial role in the occurrence and progression of osteoarticular diseases.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the current status,hotspots,and development trends of macrophage polarization in osteoarticular diseases in order to provide reference for the subsequent scientific research work.METHODS:Using TS=("polarization of macrophages or macrophage polarization or macrophages polarization")AND TS=("arthritis or osteoarthritis or osteoporosis or degeneration intervertebral disc or necrosis of femoral head or rheumatoid arthritis")as the search formula,relevant literature addressing macrophage polarization in osteoarticular diseases were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection SCI-Expanded from January 01,2014 to June 01,2024.Citespace 6.3.R1 software was used for visual analysis of the publishing countries/regions,institutions,authors,journals,citation reference,and keywords,and then knowledge maps were drawn.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)A total of 420 papers were included after analysis and retrieval.The overall trend of publication volume is rising.The country with the highest volume and degree centrality is China.The institution with the most publications is Shanghai Jiao Tong University.The author with the most publications is Cai Daozhang.The journal with the most publications is International Immunopharmocology.(2)By integrating the frequency and centrality of keywords and excluding keywords directly related to the topic,it is known that the core keywords in this field are apoptosis,cartilage,differentiation,gene expression,and cytokines.(3)In the co-citation analysis of papers,among the top 10 cited documents,7 papers discuss the pathogenesis or therapeutic potential of macrophages in diseases,2 papers focus on the development of drugs or materials targeting macrophage polarization,and 1 paper reviews the current status of arthritis research.(4)Combining the co-citation analysis of papers and keywords,the current research hotspots focus on synergistic effect,the occurrence and regulatory mechanisms of polarization,the mechanism of transcriptomics,and the impact on related diseases and targeted tissues.As well,developing biomaterials with the function of regulating macrophage polarization and regulating the phenotype of macrophage polarization through drug targeting delivery systems may become the future research trends.

Objective To design a wireless oxygen concentration monitoring device to solve the existing problems.Methods The device was composed of an oxygen sensor,an oxygen sensor line,an oxygen concentration monitoring host and a display terminal.HT67F489 was used as the main control chip,KE-25 oxygen concentration sensor was applied to collecting oxygen concentration data,and then through the T82 module wireless transmission of the data was executed to the display terminal of the App software.Results Clinical trials proved the measure value by the device was the same to that by the equipped meter,which facilitated the medical engineer find the faults in the shortest time.Conclusion The device gains advantages in easy installation,stable performances,high accuracy and anti-interference against physical environment,and thus has high social and economic benefits.