Incidences of major feline viral diseases provide basic information for preventing viral disease in cats. Despite the growing interest in feline viral diseases, sero-surveillances have been lacking. In this study, we analyzed the diagnoses of feline viral diseases and conducted a sero surveillance of feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), feline calicivirus (FCV), feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1), and feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) in Korean cats. Of the 204 confirmed cases since 2015, the numbers of diagnoses for FPV, FIPV, FCV, feline influenza virus, and FHV-1 were 156, 32, 12, 3, and 1 case, respectively. In total, 200 sera, collected between 2019 and 2021, were screened for the presence of antibodies against FPV, 2 FCVs, FHV-1, and FIPV using a hemagglutination inhibition test and a virus-neutralizing assay (VNA). The overall seropositive rates in cats tested for FPV, the 2 FCVs, FHV-1, and FIPV were 92.5%. 42.0%, 37.0%, 52.0%, and 14.0%, respectively. A low correlation (r = 0.466) was detected between the VNA titers of 2 FCV strains. The highest incidence and seropositive rate of FPV reveal that FPV is circulating in Korean cats. The low r-value between 2 FCVs suggests that a new feline vaccine containing the 2 kinds of FCVs is required.

Schwannoma or neurilemmoma is a benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor that arises from Schwann cells. Approximately 25–45% of all schwannomas occur in the head and neck regions, and the intraoral presentation of these is only 1%. We report a rare case of a patient presenting tongue base schwannoma with characteristic imaging features on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Head ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neck ; Nerve Sheath Neoplasms ; Neurilemmoma ; Peripheral Nerves ; Schwann Cells ; Tongue

BACKGROUND: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is associated with the development of diabetic complications. However, it is unknown whether systemic VEGF treatment has any effects on the pancreatic islets in an animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: Anti-VEGF peptide (synthetic ATWLPPR, VEGF receptor type 2 antagonist) was injected into db/db mice for 12 weeks. We analyzed pancreatic islet morphology and quantified beta-cell mass. Endothelial cell proliferation and the severity of islet fibrosis were also measured. VEGF expression in isolated islets was determined using Western blot analysis. RESULTS: When anti-VEGF was administered, db/db mice exhibited more severe hyperglycemia and associated delayed weight gain than non-treated db/db mice. Pancreas weight and pancreatic beta-cell mass were also significantly decreased in the anti-VEGF-treated group. VEGF and VEGF receptor proteins (types 1 and 2) were expressed in the pancreatic islets, and their expression was significantly increased in the db/db group compared with the db/dm group. However, the elevated VEGF expression was significantly reduced by anti-VEGF treatment compared with the db/db group. The anti-VEGF-treated group had more prominent islet fibrosis and islet destruction than db/db mice. Intra-islet endothelial cell proliferation was also remarkably reduced by the anti-VEGF peptide. CONCLUSION: Inhibition of VEGF action by the VEGF receptor 2 antagonist not only suppressed the proliferation of intra-islet endothelial cells but also accelerated pancreatic islet destruction and aggravated hyperglycemia in a type 2 diabetes mouse model. Therefore, the potential effects of anti-VEGF treatment on pancreatic beta cell damage should be considered.
Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Diabetes Complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Endothelial Cells ; Endothelial Growth Factors ; Fibrosis ; Hyperglycemia ; Insulin-Secreting Cells ; Islets of Langerhans ; Mice ; Models, Animal ; Pancreas ; Proteins ; Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; Weight Gain

The rupture of the patellar tendon after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is rare but serious complication resulting in a severe dysfunction in the extension mechanism. There are a few reports on the treatment of this condition. However, there is still some controversy regarding the choice of proper management. There is no report of the patellar tendon augmentation or reconstruction in this condition in the Korean literature. We report a case of an old patellar tendon rupture in 70-year old patient that occurred at 5 months after a two stage revision for an infected TKA and was treated satisfactorily by delayed repair with augmentation using an Achilles allograft.
Aged ; Allografts* ; Arthroplasty* ; Humans ; Knee* ; Patellar Ligament* ; Rupture

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical results of a high-flex design (Scorpioflex(R), Stryker) in total knee arthroplasty with those of a non-high-flex design (Scorpio(R) PS type, Stryker). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-two knees with at least 120 degrees of further flexion preoperatively underwent total knee arthroplasty. Of the 52 knees, there were 35 knees in the high-flex design (HF group) and 17 knees in the non high-flex design (non-HF group). The clinical results were evaluated by postoperative further flexion at 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years and 3 years, as well as by Delta flexion, which means postoperative flexion improvement. The Knee Society Score and X-rays were evaluated preoperatively and at the 3-year follow-up. RESULTS: The HF group showed significantly greater flexion than the non-HF group at 3 months postoperatively (p=0.000). The delta flexion was also greater in the HF group at 3 months postoperatively (p=0.000). The Knee Society Score and X-rays were similar in the two groups at the final follow-up (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: High-flex total knee arthroplasty appears to facilitate greater flexion in the first 3 months postoperatively, but there is no significant difference between both groups with regard to the range of motion, clinical and radiographic variables after 3 months.
Arthroplasty* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Knee ; Range of Motion, Articular

PURPOSE: This study is to evaluate the results of arthroscopic treatment for an acutely infected total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and to determine the protocol for a successful arthroscopic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of 16 cases of acutely infected TKA treated at this institution, 7 cases treated with arthroscopic debridement were retrospectively reviewed. The indication for arthroscopic debridement was patients with a radiographically stable prosthesis and within 72 hours of the onset of symptoms. The necessity and method of the secondary procedures were determined using a follow up of the C-reactve protein (CRP) test and physical examination after the primary arthroscopic debridment. Successful treatment was defined as no recurrence or no re-operation by the final follow-up. RESULTS: All 7 cases were treated with a retention of the prosthesis. 3 cases were treated successfully with primary arthroscopic debridement only. Three cases were treated with open debridement after primary arthroscopic debridement. One case was treated with repeated arthroscopic debridement after primary arthroscopic debridement. CONCLUSION: Arthroscopic debridement is an effective treatment option for an acutely infected TKA within 72 hours of the onset of symptoms. A careful CRP follow up is suggested as the critical index to determine the secondary procedure for successful treatment of an acutely infected TKA by arthroscopic debridement.

PURPOSE: This study is to compare the size distribution of current total knee prostheses with a measurements of Korean knees. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 566 consecutive osteoarthritic knees were measured, intraoperatively, for anteroposterior(AP) dimension of medial and lateral condyle, and mediolateral(ML) dimension of distal femur and proximal tibia. The size distribution of 5 total knee arthroplasty(TKA) systems were compared with these measurements. RESULTS: Regarding femoral component, the numbers of available lateral AP sizes within +/-1SD of Korean knees were two in Genesis II, PFC-RPF, Scorpio and one in Advance MPK, LPS-Flex. Those of available ML sizes for +/-1SD range were two in all systems. Regarding tibial component, the numbers of available lateral AP sizes for +/-1SD range were four in Scorpio, three in LPS-Flex, PFC-RPF and two in Advance MPK, Genesis II. Those of available ML sizes for +/-1SD range were two in Advance MPK, Scorpio and one in the others. CONCLUSION: Korean-friendly total knee prostheses should incorporate the size distribution as well as the dimension of the Korean knees.
Femur ; Knee Prosthesis* ; Knee* ; Tibia

BACKGROUND: Although several hospital-based stroke studies were published, there has not been any reliable data representing the clinical characteristics of stroke in Korea. We analyzed the clinical characteristics of patients with ischemic stroke registered in the Korean Stroke Registry (KSR), which is the largest prospective hospital-based nation-wide stroke registry in Korea. METHODS: The KSR provided standardized protocols for collecting data, which includes the data of demographics, subtypes of stroke, risk factors, and neurological outcome at discharge. The brain imaging studies, including CT or MRI, were performed in all cases. RESULTS: KSR registered 10,811 patients of acute ischemic stroke between Nov. 2002 and Jun. 2004. The large-artery atherosclerosis was the most common subtype (37.3%), followed by small vessel occlusion (30.8%). Hypertension (65.4%) was the most common risk factor, followed by smoking (34.5%) and diabetes (28.3%). Although most of the hypertensive and diabetic patients had been diagnosed before the stroke, less than 45.4% and 32.5% of them were under regular control. The steno-occlusive lesion of extracranial carotid artery was only 29.3% and the ratio of intra- to extracranial artery disease was more than 2 in KSR. Only 20.5% of patients were admitted within 3 hours after stroke onset and 2.1% were treated with intravenous thrombolysis. In-hospital case-fatality was 5.2%, which is relatively comparable to those of previous studies. CONCLUSIONS: The KSR provided informative data in understanding the clinical characteristics of ischemic stroke in Korea. Further analysis of KSR will facilitate clinical trials and development of guidelines for the management of stroke patients.
Arteries ; Atherosclerosis ; Carotid Arteries ; Cerebrovascular Disorders ; Demography ; Epidemiology ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Korea ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neuroimaging ; Prospective Studies* ; Registries ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Stroke*

PURPOSE: This study is to establish a detailed anthropometric data of Korean female knee and to compare the data with current total knee prostheses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 476 consecutive osteoarthritic knees were measured intraoperatively about anteroposterior (AP) dimension of medial and lateral condyle, and mediolateral (ML) dimension of distal femur as well as proximal tibia. Dimensions of 5 total knee arthroplasty (TKA) systems were compared with these measurements. RESULTS: The AP dimension of medial and lateral condyle, and ML dimension of distal femur were 60.3+/-3.5 mm, 60.9+/-3.2 mm and 68.4+/-3.9 mm, respectively. Those of proximal tibia were 47.4+/-2.8 mm, 39.5+/-3.1 mm and 67.4+/-2.9 mm, respectively. Korean femurs below -1 standard deviation (SD) in lateral AP dimension had narrower ML dimension than femoral prostheses. And most femurs above -1 SD in lateral AP dimension had wider ML dimension than femoral prostheses. Korean tibias had wider ML dimension than tibial prostheses. CONCLUSION: Current total knee prostheses had tendency to ML overhang in small femurs and ML undercoverage in other femurs, and tendency to ML undercoverage or posterolateral overhang in tibias. Thus, Korean anthropometric data should be considered in Korean-friendly prostheses.
Arthroplasty ; Female* ; Femur ; Humans ; Knee Prosthesis ; Knee* ; Prostheses and Implants ; Tibia

PURPOSE: To validate the surgical principles by analyzing the cause of a correction loss after pedicle subtraction osteotomy in patients with a sagittal imbalance in the radiological aspects, retrospectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty cases were analyzed radiographycally according to the presence (Group A) or absence (Group B) of the lower mobile segment and anterior column support performed (Group A2) or not (Group A1), respectively. RESULTS: The overall correction loss of the total fused part appeared to increase in group A (p=0.025) and the degree of lordosis of the osteotomy site showed an almost zero correction loss in group A and B. No statistic difference of the correction loss of the upper segment of the osteotomy site between the two groups was found (p=0.138). The correction loss of the lower segment of osteotomy site increased statistically more in goup A (p=0.014). The correction loss in group A occurred more in the lower segment than in the upper segment and the correction loss of the lower segment in group A1 appeared to have a better correlation than group A2 (p=0.012). CONCLUSION: Correction loss occurs at the intervertebral disc of the mobile segment. It is considered desirable to have anterior column support to all lower segment of the osteotomy site, because the correction loss increases more in the lower segment than in the upper segment.
Animals ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc ; Lordosis ; Osteotomy* ; Retrospective Studies