Background: Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is widely applied in dermatology for its regenerative effects; however, its clinical utility is limited by low stability and high production costs.To overcome these limitations, we developed a novel probiotic-derived epidermal growth factor (pEGF) by engineering Pediococcus pentosaceus CBT SL4 to express and secrete EGF. Objective: To investigate the anti-photoaging effects of topical pEGF in a ultraviolet B (UVB)-irradiated mice by assessing histological and molecular changes related to collagen synthesis, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Methods: SKH1 hairless mice were exposed to UVB for twelve weeks to induce photoaging and treated with topical 10% pEGF cream from week 9 to 12. Skin samples were analyzed using dermoscopy, histology, immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and proteomics to evaluate morphological and molecular alterations in ECM components and inflammatory markers. Results: Topical pEGF treatment improved skin texture and reduced wrinkles. Histological evaluation revealed that EGF significantly attenuated UVB-induced epidermal thickening and restored collagen density, with the strongest effects observed in the pEGF group. Molecular analysis showed downregulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs; MMP-1, MMP-3), upregulation of collagen (type I collagen, type III collagen) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs; TIMP-1, TIMP-2). Additionally, pEGF reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β) and oxidative stress markers. Conclusion pEGF demonstrated potent anti-photoaging effects through ECM restoration, inflammation modulation, and barrier reinforcement. These findings support the therapeutic potential of pEGF as a stable, cost-effective alternative to conventional EGF in dermatological applications.

BACKGROUND:Studies have found that crocin can inhibit the apoptosis of osteoarthritis chondrocytes,reduce the inflammatory response of osteoarthritis rats,promote bone formation and inhibit bone loss in osteoporotic rats,and has great application potential in cartilage and bone damage.OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of crocin hydrogel on chondrocytes and MC3T3-E1 cells.METHODS:Crocin hydrogels were prepared by Schiff base crosslinking method by adding different concentrations of crocin solution(0,15,20,and 25 mmol/L)into oxidized hyaluronic acid-oxidized chondroitin sulfate-type Ⅱ collagen mixed solution,and then four kinds of hydrogel extracts were prepared.Human chondrocytes were cultured with four kinds of crocin hydrogel extracts to detect glycosaminoglycan synthesis.Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay.Cell migration was detected by Transwell chamber assay.RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of SOX9,type Ⅱ collagen,and aggrecan in cells.Four kinds of crocin hydrogel extracts were co-cultured with MC3T3-E1 cells,respectively.Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay.RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of RUNX2,type Ⅰ collagen,alkaline phosphatase,and osteocalcin in cells.and the alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralized nodule formation after osteogenic differentiation.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)CCK-8 assay results showed that 15 and 20 mmol/L crocin hydrogel extract promoted the proliferation of chondrocytes,while 25 mmol/L crocin hydrogel extract inhibited the proliferation of chondrocytes.15,20,and 25 mmol/L crocin hydrogel extracts could all promote the migration of chondrocytes,increase the expression of SOX9,type Ⅱ collagen,aggrecan mRNA and glycosaminoglycan synthesis of chondrocytes in a dose-dependent manner.(2)15,20,and 25 mmol/L crocin hydrogel extract could promote the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells and increase the expression of RUNX2,type Ⅰcollagen,alkaline phosphatase,and osteocalcin mRNA in cells after osteogenic differentiation in a dose-dependent manner.15,20,and 25 mmol/L crocin hydrogel extract could increase the alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralized nodule formation of MC3T3-E1 cells after osteogenic induction differentiation.Among them,20 mmol/L crocin hydrogel extract is the most significant in improvement effect of the extract liquid.(3)The results show that crocin hydrogel can promote the proliferation and migration of chondrocytes and the synthesis of cartilage extracellular matrix,and enhance the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells.Among them,the comprehensive effect of 20 mmol/L crocin hydrogel is best.

Objective:To explore the influencing factors of the use of intravenous therapy specialist nurses and construct a theoretical framework, so as to provide reference for developing intervention measures and improving the use of intravenous therapy specialist nurses.Methods:The grounded theory research method was used. From July to August 2024, 17 intravenous therapy managers/specialist nurses from six ClassⅢ Grade A hospitals in Beijing City and Hebei Province were selected through purposive and theoretical sampling for semi-structured interviews. NVivo 12.0 was used for data analysis, including open, axial, and selective coding.Results:A total of 79 initial concepts were extracted and summarized into 25 domains, which were consolidated into five main domains, including organizational management and support, personal characteristics and professional identity, team collaboration and communication, work performance and incentive mechanisms, and external environment and opportunities. On this basis, a theoretical framework for factors influencing the use of intravenous therapy specialist nurses was constructed.Conclusions:This study constructs a theoretical framework for factors influencing the use of intravenous therapy specialist nurses. Managers can leverage this theoretical framework to develop targeted intervention strategies that enhance the effectiveness of intravenous therapy specialist nurses and optimize the allocation of nursing human resources.

Objective To investigate the relationship between triple motif protein(TRIM)3,TRIM44 and clinicopathological parameters and prognosis in human papillomavirus(HPV)positive cervical cancer tissues.Methods The cancer tissues and adjacent normal cervical tissues(≥2 cm from the resection margin of the cancer)of 158 patients with HPV positive cervical cancer admitted to the hospital from February 2019 to Feb-ruary 2021 were selected,and the cancer tissues of 100 patients with HPV negative cervical cancer admitted to the hospital during the same period were selected.The positive expression rates of TRIM3 and TRIM44 in cancer tissues of HPV positive cervical cancer patients and their adjacent normal cervical tissues,and cancer tissues of HPV negative cervical cancer patients were detected and compared by immunohistochemistry.The relationship between the positive expression rate of TRIM3 and TRIM44 and the clinicopathological parame-ters of HPV positive cervical cancer patients was analyzed.The 3-year cumulative survival rate of patients with negative/positive TRIM3 expression and negative/positive TRIM44 expression were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival curve.The influencing factors of the prognosis of HPV positive cervical cancer patients were analyzed by COX regression model.Results Compared with adjacent normal cervical tissues and HPV nega-tive cervical cancer tissues,the positive expression rate of TRIM3 in HPV positive cervical cancer tissues was significantly decreased(P＜0.05),and the patients expression rate of TRIM44 was significantly increased(P＜0.05).Compared with the patients with FIGO stage Ⅰ A-Ⅰ B and no lymph node metastasis,the pa-tients with FIGO stage Ⅱ A and lymph node metastasis,the positive rate of TRIM3 expression decreased sig-nificantly(P＜0.05),while the positive rate of TRIM44 expression increased significantly(P＜0.05).A total of 3 patients were lost during the 3-year follow-up among 158 HPV positive cervical cancer patients,and 155 patients were finally followed up.Kplan-Meier survival curve showed that,the 3-year cumulative survival rate in TRIM3 negative expression group was significantly lower than that in TRIM3 positive expression group(P＜0.05).The 3-year cumulative survival rate in TRIM44 positive expression group was significantly lower than that in TRIM44 negative expression group(P＜0.05).COX regression analysis showed that lymph node metastasis,FIGO stage,negative expression of TRIM3 and positive expression of TRIM44 were risk factors for the prognosis of HPV positive cervical cancer patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion The expression of TRIM3 is low and the expression of TRIM44 is high in HPV positive cervical cancer tissues,which is relate to lymph node metastasis,FIGO stage and decrease 3-year cumulative survival rate.

Objective To systematically understand the current situation of personnel disputes and put forward tar-geted opinions and suggestions,providing theoretical basis and data support for future research on personnel dis-putes in public hospitals.Methods Based on grounded theory and using NVivo 12 software,it makes a qualitative study on 374 second-instance judgments of personnel disputes in public hospitals retrieved from China Judgment Document Network.Results Through three-level coding of the judgments,found that personnel disputes in public hospitals had characteristic rules in three core nodes:the focus of the dispute(437 reference points),the applica-ble laws and regulations(1 005 reference points),and the winning party(374 reference points),among which the focus of the dispute was mostly the performance and termination of the employment contract.The applicable laws and regulations were mostly general laws and regulations,while the exclusive laws and regulations on personnel were lacking,and the winning parties were mostly hospitals.Conclusion Public hospitals can prevent and reduce the occurrence of personnel disputes from four aspects:strengthening the management of employment contracts,ful-ly fulfilling the obligation of informing establishing an in-hospital mediation mechanism and actively responding to dis-putes.

Objective:To explore the influencing factors of the use of intravenous therapy specialist nurses and construct a theoretical framework, so as to provide reference for developing intervention measures and improving the use of intravenous therapy specialist nurses.Methods:The grounded theory research method was used. From July to August 2024, 17 intravenous therapy managers/specialist nurses from six ClassⅢ Grade A hospitals in Beijing City and Hebei Province were selected through purposive and theoretical sampling for semi-structured interviews. NVivo 12.0 was used for data analysis, including open, axial, and selective coding.Results:A total of 79 initial concepts were extracted and summarized into 25 domains, which were consolidated into five main domains, including organizational management and support, personal characteristics and professional identity, team collaboration and communication, work performance and incentive mechanisms, and external environment and opportunities. On this basis, a theoretical framework for factors influencing the use of intravenous therapy specialist nurses was constructed.Conclusions:This study constructs a theoretical framework for factors influencing the use of intravenous therapy specialist nurses. Managers can leverage this theoretical framework to develop targeted intervention strategies that enhance the effectiveness of intravenous therapy specialist nurses and optimize the allocation of nursing human resources.

BACKGROUND:Studies have found that crocin can inhibit the apoptosis of osteoarthritis chondrocytes,reduce the inflammatory response of osteoarthritis rats,promote bone formation and inhibit bone loss in osteoporotic rats,and has great application potential in cartilage and bone damage.OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of crocin hydrogel on chondrocytes and MC3T3-E1 cells.METHODS:Crocin hydrogels were prepared by Schiff base crosslinking method by adding different concentrations of crocin solution(0,15,20,and 25 mmol/L)into oxidized hyaluronic acid-oxidized chondroitin sulfate-type Ⅱ collagen mixed solution,and then four kinds of hydrogel extracts were prepared.Human chondrocytes were cultured with four kinds of crocin hydrogel extracts to detect glycosaminoglycan synthesis.Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay.Cell migration was detected by Transwell chamber assay.RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of SOX9,type Ⅱ collagen,and aggrecan in cells.Four kinds of crocin hydrogel extracts were co-cultured with MC3T3-E1 cells,respectively.Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay.RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of RUNX2,type Ⅰ collagen,alkaline phosphatase,and osteocalcin in cells.and the alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralized nodule formation after osteogenic differentiation.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)CCK-8 assay results showed that 15 and 20 mmol/L crocin hydrogel extract promoted the proliferation of chondrocytes,while 25 mmol/L crocin hydrogel extract inhibited the proliferation of chondrocytes.15,20,and 25 mmol/L crocin hydrogel extracts could all promote the migration of chondrocytes,increase the expression of SOX9,type Ⅱ collagen,aggrecan mRNA and glycosaminoglycan synthesis of chondrocytes in a dose-dependent manner.(2)15,20,and 25 mmol/L crocin hydrogel extract could promote the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells and increase the expression of RUNX2,type Ⅰcollagen,alkaline phosphatase,and osteocalcin mRNA in cells after osteogenic differentiation in a dose-dependent manner.15,20,and 25 mmol/L crocin hydrogel extract could increase the alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralized nodule formation of MC3T3-E1 cells after osteogenic induction differentiation.Among them,20 mmol/L crocin hydrogel extract is the most significant in improvement effect of the extract liquid.(3)The results show that crocin hydrogel can promote the proliferation and migration of chondrocytes and the synthesis of cartilage extracellular matrix,and enhance the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells.Among them,the comprehensive effect of 20 mmol/L crocin hydrogel is best.

Objective To systematically understand the current situation of personnel disputes and put forward tar-geted opinions and suggestions,providing theoretical basis and data support for future research on personnel dis-putes in public hospitals.Methods Based on grounded theory and using NVivo 12 software,it makes a qualitative study on 374 second-instance judgments of personnel disputes in public hospitals retrieved from China Judgment Document Network.Results Through three-level coding of the judgments,found that personnel disputes in public hospitals had characteristic rules in three core nodes:the focus of the dispute(437 reference points),the applica-ble laws and regulations(1 005 reference points),and the winning party(374 reference points),among which the focus of the dispute was mostly the performance and termination of the employment contract.The applicable laws and regulations were mostly general laws and regulations,while the exclusive laws and regulations on personnel were lacking,and the winning parties were mostly hospitals.Conclusion Public hospitals can prevent and reduce the occurrence of personnel disputes from four aspects:strengthening the management of employment contracts,ful-ly fulfilling the obligation of informing establishing an in-hospital mediation mechanism and actively responding to dis-putes.

Background: Twenty-four-hour urinary free cortisol (UFC) measurement is the initial diagnostic test for Cushing’s syndrome (CS). We compared UFC determination by both direct and extraction immunoassays using Abbott Architect, Siemens Atellica Solution, and Beckman DxI800 with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In addition, we evaluated the value of 24-hr UFC measured by six methods for diagnosing CS. Methods: Residual 24-hr urine samples of 94 CS and 246 non-CS patients were collected.A laboratory-developed LC-MS/MS method was used as reference. UFC was measured by direct assays (D) using Abbott, Siemens, and Beckman platforms and by extraction assays (E) using Siemens and Beckman platforms. Method was compared using Passing–Bablok regression and Bland–Altman plot analyses. Cut-off values for the six assays and corresponding sensitivities and specificities were calculated by ROC analysis. Results: Abbott-D, Beckman-E, Siemens-E, and Siemens-D showed strong correlations with LC-MS/MS (Spearman coefficient r = 0.965, 0.922, 0.922, and 0.897, respectively), while Beckman-D showed weaker correlation (r = 0.755). All immunoassays showed proportionally positive bias. The areas under the curve were 0.975 for Abbott-D, 0.972 for LCMS/MS, 0.966 for Siemens-E, 0.948 for Siemens-D, 0.955 for Beckman-E, and 0.877 for Beckman-D. The cut-off values varied significantly (154.8–1,321.5 nmol/24 hrs). Assay sensitivity and specificity ranged from 76.1% to 93.2% and from 93.0% to 97.1%, respectively. Conclusions Commercially available immunoassays for measuring UFC show different levels of analytical consistency compared to LC-MS/MS. Abbott-D, Siemens-E, and Beckman-E have high diagnostic accuracy for CS.

Objective:To explore the relationship between the expressions of P21,P27 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)in glomerular mesangial tissue and poor renal prognosis in patients with immunoglobulin A(IgA)nephropathy.Methods:A total of 145 patients with IgA nephropathy treated in Xiaogan Central Hospital from April 2017 to August 2019 were selected as the research object.The expressions of P21,P27 and PCNA in glomerular mesangial tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry.All patients were followed up for 24 months,and the prognosis were counted.The expressions of P21,P27 and PCNA in glomerular mesangial tissue of patients with different prognosis were compared and the influencing factors of poor prognosis in patients with IgA nephropathy were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis.Results:The expression rates of P21,P27 and PCNA positive cells in glomerular mesangial tissue of patients with IgA nephropathy were(38.69±6.83)%,(55.94±8.08)%,(33.47±5.72)%,respectively.The incidence rete of poor prognosis in patients with IgA nephropathy was 17.24%,and the expression rates of P21 and PCNA positive cells in glomerular mesangial tissue of patients with poor prognosis were higher than those in good prognosis group(P<0.05),while the expression rate of P27 positive cells was lower than that in good prognosis group(P<0.05).Logistic multiple regression analysis showed that elevated diastolic blood pressure,increased 24 h proteinuria,mesangial cell proliferation,segmental glomerulosclerosis,renal tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis,crescentic body,increased expression rates of P21 and PCNA positive cells and decreased expression rate of P27 positive cells were all risk factors affecting the poor prognosis of patients with IgA nephropathy(P<0.05).Conclusion:There are positive expressions of P21,P27 and PCNA in glomerular mesangial tissue of IgA nephropathy.The expression rates of P21 and PCNA positive cells in glomerular mesangial tissue of of patients with poor prognosis of IgA nephropathy are higher than those with good prognosis,while the expression rate of P27 protein positive cells is lower than those with good prognosis,which are risk factors for poor prognosis of patients with IgA nephropathy.