OBJECTIVE: To investigate the significance of HALP score as a prognostic indicator for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM). METHODS: Clinical data of 62 newly diagnosed MM patients in our hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The difference in age, sex, DS stage, R-ISS stage, M protein type, serum creatinine (Scr), β₂-microglobulin (β₂-MG), blood calcium, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), hemoglobin (Hb), albumin (ALB), platelet count (PLT), and absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) between patients with low and high HALP scores were analyzed. The prognostic value of the above indexes in newly diagnosed MM patients was analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: The optimal cut-off value of HALP score was 41 determined by X-tile software. Based on this, 62 patients were divided into a high HALP group (HALP>41, n=25) and a low HALP group (HALP≤41, n=37). The proportion of patients with Hb≥100 g/L in the high HALP group was significantly higher than that in the low HALP group (P <0.05). The median overall survival (OS) time of patients in the high HALP group and low HALP group were 29 (9-39) months and 20 (4-29) months, respectively, with statistically significant difference between the two groups (P <0.01). Univariate analysis showed that R-ISS stage, ALB, Hb, ALC and HALP were closely related to the prognosis of patients (P <0.05). COX regression multivariate analysis showed that R-ISS stage Ⅲ (HR=4.443, 95%CI : 1.480-13.343，P =0.008) and HALP≤41(HR=8.823, 95%CI : 1.858-41.910，P =0.006) were independent risk factors for shortened OS in newly diagnosed MM patients. The median OS of patients with high HALP at R-ISS stage Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of patients with low HALP at the same stage, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). CONCLUSION HALP score can be used as a prognostic indicator for newly diagnosed MM patients.
Humans ; Multiple Myeloma/diagnosis* ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; beta 2-Microglobulin ; Lymphocyte Count

Objective Cell cycle-associated protein 1 (Caprin-1) is closely related to the development and progression of cancer. This study aimed to explore the expression of Caprin-1 in the clinical glioma specimen and its influence on the biological char-acteristics of the glioma cell line. Methods Brain tissue specimens were collected from 29 glioma patients and 2 normal humans that died of accidental trauma. A stably transfected U251 cell line with overex-pressed Caprin-1 was established,and the U251 cells were transfected with the pEGFP-C1 plasmid (the negative control group), or the pEGFP-C1-Caprin-1 plasmid (the experimental group), or left un-transfected (the blank control group). The expressions of Caprin-1 mRNA and protein in the cells were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot, and the proliferation and migration of the cells exam-ined by scratch test and Transwell assay,respectively. Results The expression of Caprin-1 was upregulated with the increased grade of glioma,145.9±22.0,444.4±110.0,and 1661.0±54.5 in WHO gradeⅡ,Ⅲ,andⅣglioma,respectively,significantly higher than in the normal brain tissue (P<0.05). Both the mRNA and protein expressions of Caprin-1 were remarkably higher in the experimental group (1.70±0.19 and 1.07±0.09) than in the blank control(0.89±0.10 and 0.52±0.04) and negative control(0.98±0.08 and 0.58± 0.03) (P<0.05).The A value was also markedly higher in the former group(2.55±0.14) than in the latter two(1.40±0.06 and 1.35± 0.04) (P<0.01),and so were the count of migrated cells(526.00±42.19 vs 289.00±29.24 and 279.00±32.48,P<0.01) and the ex-pression of CyclinD1 (0.60±0.05 vs 0.13±0.03 and 0.15±0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion The expression of Caprin-1 in the U251 cells was upregulated with the increased WHO grade of glioma,and the overexpression of Caprin-1 accelerated the proliferation and mi-gration of the U251 cells.

The anhydrite and gypsum are the main sulfate minerals during evaporation of seawater or lake.They record the information about relative hydrogeology and the composition of mother liquor.Boron is diffluent element, and often occurs in all kinds of evaporites.Presently, the boron isotope has been applied widely in mineral deposits forming, geochemistry and palaeoenvironment.However, there is little research about characteristic of boron isotope in anhydrite and gypsum minerals, because of the low content of boron and micro-solubility in water and hydrochloric acid.This study developed a method of extracting and purifying boron in anhydrite and gypsum by phase transformation and ion-exchange.Firstly, the samples were mixed with ammonium hydrogen carbonate to transform the calcium sulfate to calcium carbonate.And diluted hydrochloric acid (1 mol/L) was added to resolve calcium carbonate.The percent conversion was about 85%in the first stage, and up to complete resolution by repeating this process.Secondly, boron specific ion-exchange resin ( Amberlite IRA 743 ) was used to gather the boron ions fully and further refined the samples with more than 1 μg of boron by anionic and cationic resin mixed by Ion Exchange Ⅱ and Dowex 50 W × 8.Finally, according to the modified method by He, the values of boron isotope were determined by TIMS.The boron content is analytically pure gypsum was 3.501 ± 0.128 μg/g ( n=12 , RSD=3.6%) and the average recovery was 100.47%.Besides, the δ11B value of analytically pure gypsum added with NIST SRM 951 was 17.98‰±0.21‰ (n=3, RSD=1.2%).This method has good repeatability and can meet the requirements of boron isotopic measurement of anhydrite and gypsum.