Background/Aims: Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) frequently occurs in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly when influenced by factors such as abdominal infections, IBD flare-ups, or surgical procedures. The implications of PVT range from immediate issues such as intestinal ischemia to long-term concerns including portal hypertension and its complications. However, there is a notable gap in comprehensive studies on PVT in IBD, especially with the increasing incidence of IBD in Asia. This research aimed to evaluate the clinical features and outcomes of PVT in patients with IBD at a leading hospital in South Korea. Methods: This retrospective analysis reviewed adult patients diagnosed with both IBD and PVT from 1989 to 2021 at a renowned South Korean medical center. The study focused on patient characteristics, specifics of PVT, administered treatments, and outcomes, all confirmed through enhanced CT scans. Results: A total of 78 patients met the study’s criteria. Notably, only 20.5% (16/78) were treated with oral anticoagulants; however, a vast majority (96.2%; 75/78) achieved complete radiographic resolution (CRR). When comparing patients receiving anticoagulants to those who did not, a significant preference for anticoagulant use was observed in cases where the main portal vein was affected, as opposed to just the left or right veins (p = 0.006). However, multivariable analysis indicated that neither anticoagulant use nor previous surgeries significantly impacted CRR. Conclusions Patients with IBD and PVT generally had favorable outcomes, regardless of anticoagulant use.

Background/Aims: Proprotein-converting enzyme subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors act more promptly and efficiently than statins and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study aimed to assess the short-term effects of perioperative administration of a single-dose PCSK9 inhibitor in patients with ACS. Methods: This study included 789 consecutive patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ACS. The primary clinical endpoint was the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) within one month, including cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, unanticipated revascularization, stroke, stent thrombosis, and rehospitalization for ischemic causes or heart failure. Results: PCSK9 inhibitors were administered to 201 of 789 patients. MACEs occurred in eight patients (4.0%) in the treated group and 60 patients (10.2%) in the non-treated group for one month (hazard ratio 0.38, 95% confidence interval 0.18 to 0.80, p = 0.010). The benefit of PCSK9 inhibitors in terms of MACEs was greater in the subgroup of patients treated more than 1 hour before PCI than in the subgroup treated less than 1 hour before PCI or treated after PCI and in the non-treated group. Conclusions In patients undergoing PCI for ACS, the risk of MACEs was lower in those treated with perioperative single-dose PCSK9 inhibitors than in those in the untreated group. This benefit was especially noticeable in the subgroups treated > 1 hour before PCI than in those treated less than 1 hour before PCI or after PCI, regardless of the clinical presentation of ACS.

Background/Aims: Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) frequently occurs in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly when influenced by factors such as abdominal infections, IBD flare-ups, or surgical procedures. The implications of PVT range from immediate issues such as intestinal ischemia to long-term concerns including portal hypertension and its complications. However, there is a notable gap in comprehensive studies on PVT in IBD, especially with the increasing incidence of IBD in Asia. This research aimed to evaluate the clinical features and outcomes of PVT in patients with IBD at a leading hospital in South Korea. Methods: This retrospective analysis reviewed adult patients diagnosed with both IBD and PVT from 1989 to 2021 at a renowned South Korean medical center. The study focused on patient characteristics, specifics of PVT, administered treatments, and outcomes, all confirmed through enhanced CT scans. Results: A total of 78 patients met the study’s criteria. Notably, only 20.5% (16/78) were treated with oral anticoagulants; however, a vast majority (96.2%; 75/78) achieved complete radiographic resolution (CRR). When comparing patients receiving anticoagulants to those who did not, a significant preference for anticoagulant use was observed in cases where the main portal vein was affected, as opposed to just the left or right veins (p = 0.006). However, multivariable analysis indicated that neither anticoagulant use nor previous surgeries significantly impacted CRR. Conclusions Patients with IBD and PVT generally had favorable outcomes, regardless of anticoagulant use.

Background/Aims: Proprotein-converting enzyme subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors act more promptly and efficiently than statins and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study aimed to assess the short-term effects of perioperative administration of a single-dose PCSK9 inhibitor in patients with ACS. Methods: This study included 789 consecutive patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ACS. The primary clinical endpoint was the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) within one month, including cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, unanticipated revascularization, stroke, stent thrombosis, and rehospitalization for ischemic causes or heart failure. Results: PCSK9 inhibitors were administered to 201 of 789 patients. MACEs occurred in eight patients (4.0%) in the treated group and 60 patients (10.2%) in the non-treated group for one month (hazard ratio 0.38, 95% confidence interval 0.18 to 0.80, p = 0.010). The benefit of PCSK9 inhibitors in terms of MACEs was greater in the subgroup of patients treated more than 1 hour before PCI than in the subgroup treated less than 1 hour before PCI or treated after PCI and in the non-treated group. Conclusions In patients undergoing PCI for ACS, the risk of MACEs was lower in those treated with perioperative single-dose PCSK9 inhibitors than in those in the untreated group. This benefit was especially noticeable in the subgroups treated > 1 hour before PCI than in those treated less than 1 hour before PCI or after PCI, regardless of the clinical presentation of ACS.

Purpose: Pediatric papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is recommended to perform aggressive surgery to reduce the risk of recurrence.This study was designed to evaluate the concurrent association between multifocality, bilaterality, and the risk of recurrence in pediatric PTC. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study included pediatric patients (age <19 years) who underwent total thyroidectomy for PTC between 1996 and 2014 in a single tertiary center. Clinicopathological parameters were analyzed to evaluate the prevalence of multifocality, bilaterality, recurrence, and their association. Results: We analyzed 58 pediatric patients with PTC. There was no factor related to the presence of multifocality or bilaterality in multivariate analysis. Also, in univariate analysis, multifocality and bilaterality were not independent risk factors of each other’s presentation (p=0.061 and p=0.061, respectively). Recurrence was observed in 19 (32.8%) patients. In multivariate analysis of recurrence, clear cell subtype, multifocality, and gross extrathyroidal extension (ETE) were independent risk factors (p=0.027, p=0.035, and p=0.038, respectively). Most recurrences (68.4%) happened during the first 4 years of follow-up after the initial thyroidectomy. Conclusion Multifocality and bilaterality were not independent risk factors of each other’s presentation; however, multifocality was the risk factor for recurrence in pediatric PTC. For pediatric PTC, close monitoring for recurrence within the initial 4 years is recommended, particularly in patients with clear cell subtype, multifocality, and gross ETE.

Background/Aims: Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) frequently occurs in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly when influenced by factors such as abdominal infections, IBD flare-ups, or surgical procedures. The implications of PVT range from immediate issues such as intestinal ischemia to long-term concerns including portal hypertension and its complications. However, there is a notable gap in comprehensive studies on PVT in IBD, especially with the increasing incidence of IBD in Asia. This research aimed to evaluate the clinical features and outcomes of PVT in patients with IBD at a leading hospital in South Korea. Methods: This retrospective analysis reviewed adult patients diagnosed with both IBD and PVT from 1989 to 2021 at a renowned South Korean medical center. The study focused on patient characteristics, specifics of PVT, administered treatments, and outcomes, all confirmed through enhanced CT scans. Results: A total of 78 patients met the study’s criteria. Notably, only 20.5% (16/78) were treated with oral anticoagulants; however, a vast majority (96.2%; 75/78) achieved complete radiographic resolution (CRR). When comparing patients receiving anticoagulants to those who did not, a significant preference for anticoagulant use was observed in cases where the main portal vein was affected, as opposed to just the left or right veins (p = 0.006). However, multivariable analysis indicated that neither anticoagulant use nor previous surgeries significantly impacted CRR. Conclusions Patients with IBD and PVT generally had favorable outcomes, regardless of anticoagulant use.

Background/Aims: Proprotein-converting enzyme subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors act more promptly and efficiently than statins and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study aimed to assess the short-term effects of perioperative administration of a single-dose PCSK9 inhibitor in patients with ACS. Methods: This study included 789 consecutive patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ACS. The primary clinical endpoint was the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) within one month, including cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, unanticipated revascularization, stroke, stent thrombosis, and rehospitalization for ischemic causes or heart failure. Results: PCSK9 inhibitors were administered to 201 of 789 patients. MACEs occurred in eight patients (4.0%) in the treated group and 60 patients (10.2%) in the non-treated group for one month (hazard ratio 0.38, 95% confidence interval 0.18 to 0.80, p = 0.010). The benefit of PCSK9 inhibitors in terms of MACEs was greater in the subgroup of patients treated more than 1 hour before PCI than in the subgroup treated less than 1 hour before PCI or treated after PCI and in the non-treated group. Conclusions In patients undergoing PCI for ACS, the risk of MACEs was lower in those treated with perioperative single-dose PCSK9 inhibitors than in those in the untreated group. This benefit was especially noticeable in the subgroups treated > 1 hour before PCI than in those treated less than 1 hour before PCI or after PCI, regardless of the clinical presentation of ACS.

Purpose: Pediatric papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is recommended to perform aggressive surgery to reduce the risk of recurrence.This study was designed to evaluate the concurrent association between multifocality, bilaterality, and the risk of recurrence in pediatric PTC. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study included pediatric patients (age <19 years) who underwent total thyroidectomy for PTC between 1996 and 2014 in a single tertiary center. Clinicopathological parameters were analyzed to evaluate the prevalence of multifocality, bilaterality, recurrence, and their association. Results: We analyzed 58 pediatric patients with PTC. There was no factor related to the presence of multifocality or bilaterality in multivariate analysis. Also, in univariate analysis, multifocality and bilaterality were not independent risk factors of each other’s presentation (p=0.061 and p=0.061, respectively). Recurrence was observed in 19 (32.8%) patients. In multivariate analysis of recurrence, clear cell subtype, multifocality, and gross extrathyroidal extension (ETE) were independent risk factors (p=0.027, p=0.035, and p=0.038, respectively). Most recurrences (68.4%) happened during the first 4 years of follow-up after the initial thyroidectomy. Conclusion Multifocality and bilaterality were not independent risk factors of each other’s presentation; however, multifocality was the risk factor for recurrence in pediatric PTC. For pediatric PTC, close monitoring for recurrence within the initial 4 years is recommended, particularly in patients with clear cell subtype, multifocality, and gross ETE.

The use of miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) has yielded successful outcomes in late adolescence and early adulthood, particularly in correcting transverse maxillary discrepancies and enhancing airway expansion. This report presents three cases of children at different dentition stages treated with MARPE. In one patient with severe crowding, MARPE enabled dental alignment without the need for premolar extractions. Additionally, MARPE combined with facemask therapy improved the patient’s facial profile, resulting in high patient and guardian satisfaction. These cases highlight MARPE’s potential as an effective treatment for maxillary discrepancies and severe arch length discrepancies in children.