Objective To evaluate the efficacy of loose-leaf textbooks in nursing risk education for nursing interns.Methods A random number table was used to divide 120 nursing interns in the geriatric oncology department into intervention and control groups,with 60 in each group.The control group received standard clinical nursing instruction,while the intervention group was taught using loose-leaf teaching materials in addition to standard clinical instruction.Occupational risk cognition,pa-tient safety perception,theoretical scores,clinical skills scores,and teaching satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results The intervention group showed significantly higher scores in occupational risk cognition,patient safety perception,theo-retical achievement,clinical skills achievement,and teaching satisfaction compared to the control group(P＜0.05).Conclu-sion Loose-leaf textbooks enhance nursing interns' learning of occupational risks,improve patient safety perception,boost theo-retical and clinical skills performance,and increase teaching satisfaction.

Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the application effect of BOPPPS combined with case simulation teaching method in nursing risk education of nursing students.By comparing the traditional teaching methods,the in-fluence of BOPPPS combined with case simulation teaching method on nursing students' occupational risk cognition ability,pa-tient safety perception ability and teaching satisfaction was evaluated.Methods 100 cases of nursing students in geriatric oncol-ogy department were divided into observation group and control group,50 cases in each group.The control group used traditional teaching methods;the observation group adopted the teaching mode of BOPPPS combined with case teaching method.The occu-pational risk cognition ability,patient safety perception ability and satisfaction with teaching mode were compared between the two groups.Results The occupational risk cognitive ability,patient safety perception ability and teaching satisfaction of the observa-tion group were better than those of the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The application of BOPPPS combined with case simulation teaching method in nursing risk teaching of nursing students can improve their occupational risk cognition ability,pa-tient safety perception ability and teaching satisfaction.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of loose-leaf textbooks in nursing risk education for nursing interns.Methods A random number table was used to divide 120 nursing interns in the geriatric oncology department into intervention and control groups,with 60 in each group.The control group received standard clinical nursing instruction,while the intervention group was taught using loose-leaf teaching materials in addition to standard clinical instruction.Occupational risk cognition,pa-tient safety perception,theoretical scores,clinical skills scores,and teaching satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results The intervention group showed significantly higher scores in occupational risk cognition,patient safety perception,theo-retical achievement,clinical skills achievement,and teaching satisfaction compared to the control group(P＜0.05).Conclu-sion Loose-leaf textbooks enhance nursing interns' learning of occupational risks,improve patient safety perception,boost theo-retical and clinical skills performance,and increase teaching satisfaction.

Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the application effect of BOPPPS combined with case simulation teaching method in nursing risk education of nursing students.By comparing the traditional teaching methods,the in-fluence of BOPPPS combined with case simulation teaching method on nursing students' occupational risk cognition ability,pa-tient safety perception ability and teaching satisfaction was evaluated.Methods 100 cases of nursing students in geriatric oncol-ogy department were divided into observation group and control group,50 cases in each group.The control group used traditional teaching methods;the observation group adopted the teaching mode of BOPPPS combined with case teaching method.The occu-pational risk cognition ability,patient safety perception ability and satisfaction with teaching mode were compared between the two groups.Results The occupational risk cognitive ability,patient safety perception ability and teaching satisfaction of the observa-tion group were better than those of the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The application of BOPPPS combined with case simulation teaching method in nursing risk teaching of nursing students can improve their occupational risk cognition ability,pa-tient safety perception ability and teaching satisfaction.

Objective: This meta-analysis aims to refine the understanding of the optimal choice between different cage shapes in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) by systematically comparing perioperative data, radiological outcomes, clinical results, and complications associated with banana-shaped and straight bullet cages. Methods: A meticulous literature search encompassing PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, China Knowledge Network, and Wanfang Data was executed up to October 5, 2023. Inclusion criteria focused on studies comparing banana-shaped and straight bullet cages in TLIF. The quality of included studies was assessed using appropriate tools such as the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for nonrandomized studies. Rigorous evaluations were performed for radiographic outcomes, including disc height (DH), segmental lordosis (SL), lumbar lordosis (LL), subsidence, and fusion rates. Clinical outcomes were meticulously evaluated using visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and complications. Results: The analysis incorporated 7 studies, involving 573 patients (297 with banana-shaped cages, 276 with straight cages), all with NOS ratings exceeding 5 stars. No statistically significant differences were observed in operative time, blood loss, or hospitalization between the 2 cage shapes. Banana-shaped cages exhibited greater changes in DH (p = 0.001), SL (p = 0.02), and LL (p = 0.01). Despite statistically higher changes in ODI for straight cages (26.33, p < 0.0001), the actual value remained similar to banana-shaped cages (26.15). Both cage types demonstrated similar efficacy in VAS, complication rates, subsidence, and fusion rates. Conclusion Although banana-shaped cages can excel in restoring DH, SL, and LL, straight bullet cages can provide comparable functional improvements, pain relief, and complication rates.

Objective: This meta-analysis aims to refine the understanding of the optimal choice between different cage shapes in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) by systematically comparing perioperative data, radiological outcomes, clinical results, and complications associated with banana-shaped and straight bullet cages. Methods: A meticulous literature search encompassing PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, China Knowledge Network, and Wanfang Data was executed up to October 5, 2023. Inclusion criteria focused on studies comparing banana-shaped and straight bullet cages in TLIF. The quality of included studies was assessed using appropriate tools such as the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for nonrandomized studies. Rigorous evaluations were performed for radiographic outcomes, including disc height (DH), segmental lordosis (SL), lumbar lordosis (LL), subsidence, and fusion rates. Clinical outcomes were meticulously evaluated using visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and complications. Results: The analysis incorporated 7 studies, involving 573 patients (297 with banana-shaped cages, 276 with straight cages), all with NOS ratings exceeding 5 stars. No statistically significant differences were observed in operative time, blood loss, or hospitalization between the 2 cage shapes. Banana-shaped cages exhibited greater changes in DH (p = 0.001), SL (p = 0.02), and LL (p = 0.01). Despite statistically higher changes in ODI for straight cages (26.33, p < 0.0001), the actual value remained similar to banana-shaped cages (26.15). Both cage types demonstrated similar efficacy in VAS, complication rates, subsidence, and fusion rates. Conclusion Although banana-shaped cages can excel in restoring DH, SL, and LL, straight bullet cages can provide comparable functional improvements, pain relief, and complication rates.

Objective To investigate vascular remodeling and low-density lipoprotein(LDL)deposition,the growth and development trends of lateral branch plaques in bifurcated vessels,and the potential locations of subsequent plaque growth due to the presence of plaques.Methods An idealized model of bifurcated vessels was established and the distribution of wall shear stress before and after the growth of edge-branch plaques was obtained using computational fluid dynamics.Seven sections were intercepted in the areas of low shear stress:planes 1-3 were the low shear stress areas on the lateral branch before plaque formation,planes 4-5 were the proximal and distal edges of the plaque,and planes 6-7 were the lower shear stress areas of the plaque.Vascular remodeling and LDL deposition in the cross section were simulated.The growth and development trends of plaques are also discussed.Results Among planes 1-3,plane 2 produced obvious negative remodeling and the highest concentration of LDL deposition(102.266 mmol/L),thereby indicating that this was the initial location of the atherosclerotic plaque.Compared to plane 4,plane 5 produced more pronounced vascular remodeling,lumen narrowing,and the highest deposition concentration(110.17 mmol/L)after plaque formation,which indicated that the patch had a tendency for eccentric growth downstream.Compared to plane 6,plane 7(blood flow separation reattachment site)produced more negative remodeling and the highest deposition concentration(93.851 mmol/L),thereby indicating the possibility of new plaque formation near the reattachment point of blood flow separation.Conclusions Obvious vascular remodeling at low shear stress in the lateral branches leads to lumen stenosis and high LDL deposition,thus,forming atherosclerotic plaques.The lateral wall of the bifurcated blood vessels is the initial location of atherosclerotic plaque growth.After growth,the plaque tends to develop downstream,and subsequent plaques may form at the flow separation and reattachment points.

Objective: This meta-analysis aims to refine the understanding of the optimal choice between different cage shapes in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) by systematically comparing perioperative data, radiological outcomes, clinical results, and complications associated with banana-shaped and straight bullet cages. Methods: A meticulous literature search encompassing PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, China Knowledge Network, and Wanfang Data was executed up to October 5, 2023. Inclusion criteria focused on studies comparing banana-shaped and straight bullet cages in TLIF. The quality of included studies was assessed using appropriate tools such as the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for nonrandomized studies. Rigorous evaluations were performed for radiographic outcomes, including disc height (DH), segmental lordosis (SL), lumbar lordosis (LL), subsidence, and fusion rates. Clinical outcomes were meticulously evaluated using visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and complications. Results: The analysis incorporated 7 studies, involving 573 patients (297 with banana-shaped cages, 276 with straight cages), all with NOS ratings exceeding 5 stars. No statistically significant differences were observed in operative time, blood loss, or hospitalization between the 2 cage shapes. Banana-shaped cages exhibited greater changes in DH (p = 0.001), SL (p = 0.02), and LL (p = 0.01). Despite statistically higher changes in ODI for straight cages (26.33, p < 0.0001), the actual value remained similar to banana-shaped cages (26.15). Both cage types demonstrated similar efficacy in VAS, complication rates, subsidence, and fusion rates. Conclusion Although banana-shaped cages can excel in restoring DH, SL, and LL, straight bullet cages can provide comparable functional improvements, pain relief, and complication rates.

Objective: This meta-analysis aims to refine the understanding of the optimal choice between different cage shapes in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) by systematically comparing perioperative data, radiological outcomes, clinical results, and complications associated with banana-shaped and straight bullet cages. Methods: A meticulous literature search encompassing PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, China Knowledge Network, and Wanfang Data was executed up to October 5, 2023. Inclusion criteria focused on studies comparing banana-shaped and straight bullet cages in TLIF. The quality of included studies was assessed using appropriate tools such as the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for nonrandomized studies. Rigorous evaluations were performed for radiographic outcomes, including disc height (DH), segmental lordosis (SL), lumbar lordosis (LL), subsidence, and fusion rates. Clinical outcomes were meticulously evaluated using visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and complications. Results: The analysis incorporated 7 studies, involving 573 patients (297 with banana-shaped cages, 276 with straight cages), all with NOS ratings exceeding 5 stars. No statistically significant differences were observed in operative time, blood loss, or hospitalization between the 2 cage shapes. Banana-shaped cages exhibited greater changes in DH (p = 0.001), SL (p = 0.02), and LL (p = 0.01). Despite statistically higher changes in ODI for straight cages (26.33, p < 0.0001), the actual value remained similar to banana-shaped cages (26.15). Both cage types demonstrated similar efficacy in VAS, complication rates, subsidence, and fusion rates. Conclusion Although banana-shaped cages can excel in restoring DH, SL, and LL, straight bullet cages can provide comparable functional improvements, pain relief, and complication rates.

Objective: This meta-analysis aims to refine the understanding of the optimal choice between different cage shapes in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) by systematically comparing perioperative data, radiological outcomes, clinical results, and complications associated with banana-shaped and straight bullet cages. Methods: A meticulous literature search encompassing PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, China Knowledge Network, and Wanfang Data was executed up to October 5, 2023. Inclusion criteria focused on studies comparing banana-shaped and straight bullet cages in TLIF. The quality of included studies was assessed using appropriate tools such as the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for nonrandomized studies. Rigorous evaluations were performed for radiographic outcomes, including disc height (DH), segmental lordosis (SL), lumbar lordosis (LL), subsidence, and fusion rates. Clinical outcomes were meticulously evaluated using visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and complications. Results: The analysis incorporated 7 studies, involving 573 patients (297 with banana-shaped cages, 276 with straight cages), all with NOS ratings exceeding 5 stars. No statistically significant differences were observed in operative time, blood loss, or hospitalization between the 2 cage shapes. Banana-shaped cages exhibited greater changes in DH (p = 0.001), SL (p = 0.02), and LL (p = 0.01). Despite statistically higher changes in ODI for straight cages (26.33, p < 0.0001), the actual value remained similar to banana-shaped cages (26.15). Both cage types demonstrated similar efficacy in VAS, complication rates, subsidence, and fusion rates. Conclusion Although banana-shaped cages can excel in restoring DH, SL, and LL, straight bullet cages can provide comparable functional improvements, pain relief, and complication rates.