ObjectiveTo establish a geographical origin identification model for Foeniculi Fructus from Haiyuan， providing a new technical reference for the protection of Haiyuan's geo-authentic medicinal materials and its designation as a national geographical indication agricultural product. MethodsSamples of Foeniculi Fructus were collected from eight producing areas， including Minqin （Gansu）， Bozhou （Anhui）， Qingdao （Shandong）， Dezhou （Shandong）， Urumqi （Xinjiang）， Nujiang （Yunnan）， Gutuo （Inner Mongolia）， and Haiyuan （Ningxia）. Gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry （GC-IMS） was used to detect the volatile organic compounds （VOCs） in samples from these geographic origins. VOCs were qualitatively analyzed through dual matching with the National Institute of Standards and Technology （NIST） mass spectral database and the IMS drift time database. Using the Reporter module and Gallery Plot visualization tools within the LAV analytical platform， VOC fingerprint profiles characterizing geographic origins were constructed. A non-targeted analytical strategy was adopted， and 97 VOCs detected via GC-IMS were subjected to principal component analysis （PCA） and partial least squares discriminant analysis （PLS-DA） based on their differential distribution patterns to construct an origin identification model for Foeniculi Fructus from Haiyuan region. Key discriminative markers were screened using variable importance in projection （VIP） values greater than 1. ResultsA total of 97 VOCs were identified， including alcohols， aldehydes， ketones， esters， organic acids， terpenoids， ethers， alkenes， and benzenes. The PLS-DA model， based on VOCs data obtained by GC-IMS， effectively distinguished Foeniculi Fructus in Haiyuan region from those of other origins. During cross-validation， the model achieved a prediction parameter （Q²） of 0.976 and a goodness-of-fit parameter （R²） of 0.936， with no overfitting observed in permutation testing. Twelve key flavor markers with VIP > 1 were identified as characteristic indicators of Haiyuan origin. ConclusionA stable and highly predictive origin identification model for Foeniculi Fructus from Haiyuan was successfully established using GC-IMS technology， PLS-DA， and VIP-based marker screening. This model provides a novel technical strategy for accurately distinguishing Foeniculi Fructus in Haiyuan region from other regional varieties and offers new technical support for its protection as a geo-authentic medicinal material and a nationally designated geographical indication agricultural product in China.

ObjectiveTo establish a geographical origin identification model for Foeniculi Fructus from Haiyuan， providing a new technical reference for the protection of Haiyuan's geo-authentic medicinal materials and its designation as a national geographical indication agricultural product. MethodsSamples of Foeniculi Fructus were collected from eight producing areas， including Minqin （Gansu）， Bozhou （Anhui）， Qingdao （Shandong）， Dezhou （Shandong）， Urumqi （Xinjiang）， Nujiang （Yunnan）， Gutuo （Inner Mongolia）， and Haiyuan （Ningxia）. Gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry （GC-IMS） was used to detect the volatile organic compounds （VOCs） in samples from these geographic origins. VOCs were qualitatively analyzed through dual matching with the National Institute of Standards and Technology （NIST） mass spectral database and the IMS drift time database. Using the Reporter module and Gallery Plot visualization tools within the LAV analytical platform， VOC fingerprint profiles characterizing geographic origins were constructed. A non-targeted analytical strategy was adopted， and 97 VOCs detected via GC-IMS were subjected to principal component analysis （PCA） and partial least squares discriminant analysis （PLS-DA） based on their differential distribution patterns to construct an origin identification model for Foeniculi Fructus from Haiyuan region. Key discriminative markers were screened using variable importance in projection （VIP） values greater than 1. ResultsA total of 97 VOCs were identified， including alcohols， aldehydes， ketones， esters， organic acids， terpenoids， ethers， alkenes， and benzenes. The PLS-DA model， based on VOCs data obtained by GC-IMS， effectively distinguished Foeniculi Fructus in Haiyuan region from those of other origins. During cross-validation， the model achieved a prediction parameter （Q²） of 0.976 and a goodness-of-fit parameter （R²） of 0.936， with no overfitting observed in permutation testing. Twelve key flavor markers with VIP > 1 were identified as characteristic indicators of Haiyuan origin. ConclusionA stable and highly predictive origin identification model for Foeniculi Fructus from Haiyuan was successfully established using GC-IMS technology， PLS-DA， and VIP-based marker screening. This model provides a novel technical strategy for accurately distinguishing Foeniculi Fructus in Haiyuan region from other regional varieties and offers new technical support for its protection as a geo-authentic medicinal material and a nationally designated geographical indication agricultural product in China.

Objective To explore the effect of Echinetin(ECH)pretreatment on alleviating intestinal bar-rier dysfunction caused by severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Methods Totally 36 rats were randomly divided into Sham group,SAP group and SAP+ECH group,with 12 rats in each group.Pancreatitis was induced by retrograde injection of 3％sodium taurocholate into pancreatic duct.Histological examination was performed on the pancreas of experimental rats to determine whether the pancreatitis model of rats was successfully con-structed.Intestinal barrier function was evaluated by intestinal pathological scores,serum diamine oxidase(DAO)activity and endotoxin levels,and bacterial translocation in mesenteric lymph nodes.The mRNA and protein expression levels of tight junction proteins ZO-1 and occludin were detected by quantitative fluorescent PCR(qPCR)and Western blot,and the protein expression levels of high mobility frame-1 protein(HMGB1),Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)and protein kinase R(PKR)were detected by Western blot.Results ECH had no significant effect on the histological changes of pancreas,but could improve the intestinal mucosal barrier damage and membrane permeability associated with SAP.Although ECH does not affect the mRNA expres-sion levels of ZO-1 and occludin in ileum of SAP rats,it could significantly increase the expression levels of ZO-1 and occludin,and ECH treatment could significantly reduce the expression levels of HMGB1,TLR4 and PKR in ileum of SAP rats.Conclusion ECH can reduce the intestinal barrier dysfunction induced by SAP,and its effect on intestinal barrier function may be related to the inhibition of the HMGB1/TLR4/PKR pathway.

Objective To investigate the value of gut metabolites in predicting the development of severe acute pancreatitis(SAP),myocardial injury,and adverse outcomes in patients with acute pancreatitis(AP).Methods A total of 80 SAP patients admitted to Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine from April 2023 to April 2024 were selected as the severe group,and 80 non-severe AP patients were selected as the non-severe group.The levels of serum amylase,lipase,acetic acid,propionic acid,butyric acid,and total short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)in feces,serum bile acid(BA),trimethylamine n-oxide(TMAO),myocardial injury-related indicators[creatine kinase isoenzymes(CK-MB),cardiac troponin T(cTnT),N-terminal pro-b-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)],C-reactive protein(CRP),acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II(APACHE II)and bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis(BISAP)were compared between the two groups at admission.Patients in the severe group were followed up for 30 days and divided into a survival subgroup(n=61)and a non-survival subgroup(n=19)based on their prognosis.The levels of total SCFAs,BA,and TMAO were compared between these two subgroups.Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation of serum amylase,lipase,total SCFAs,BA,and TMAO levels with myocardial injury-related indicators and disease severity scores in all patients.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors for the occurrence of SAP.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was used to evaluate the predictive value of total SCFAs,BA,TMAO,and their combination for the occurrence of SAP.Results Compared with the non-severe group,the severe group had significantly lower levels of acetic acid,propionic acid,butyric acid,and total SCFAs(P<0.01),and significantly higher levels of BA,TMAO,CK-MB,cTnT,NT-proBNP,CRP,and APACHE II and BISAP scores.Within the severe group,the non-survival subgroup had significantly lower levels of total SCFAs(P<0.05)and significantly higher levels of BA and TMAO(P<0.05)compared to the survival subgroup.Spearman analysis showed that the levels of CK-MB,cTnT,NT-proBNP,CRP,and the APACHE II and BISAP scores were negatively correlated with total SCFAs levels and positively correlated with BA and TMAO levels(P<0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that total SCFAs,BA,and TMAO were independent influencing factors for the occurrence of SAP(P<0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve(AUC)for total SCFAs,BA,TMAO,and their combination in predicting the occurrence of SAP were 0.951,0.797,0.790,and 0.974,respectively(P<0.001).The AUC for the combination of the three markers was larger than that of any single marker,indicating good predictive efficacy.Conclusion The levels of gut metabolites SCFAs,BA,and TMAO in SAP patients are independent factors associated with myocardial injury and prognosis.

Objective To compare the effect of pressurized rapid intravenous drip of Shenfu and micro-pumping of dopamine on hypoperfusion in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of acute inferior wall myocardial infarction.Methods A total of 80 patients with acute inferior wall myocardial infarction treated with emergency PCI in Chest Pain Unit of Yantaishan Hospital of Yantai City from May 2014 to May 2015 were enrolled. Then these patients were divided into observation group (n=40,pressurized rapid intravenous drip of normal saline and Shenfu) and control group (n=40,pressurized intravenous drip of normal saline with the same pressure combined with micro-pumping of Dopamine) according to random number table. Blood pressure and heart rate per five minutes were observed and recorded before intravenous drug,five to forty minutes after intravenous drug. Besides,the incidence rates of malignant arrhythmia,vomitting,TIMI grade three flows after intrqvenous drug and major adverse cardiovascular events after 30 days of a follow-up were also observed and recorded.Results Systolic pressure,diastolic pressure and mean arterial pressure of patients between two groups all met and maintained to the expectation after treatment with significant differences between two groups (P<0.05). The incidence rates of malignant arrhythmia,nausea and vomitting in observation group were lower than those in control group with significant differences (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of TIMI grade three flows and the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events after 30 days of a follow-up (P>0.05).Conclusions When the hypoperfusion appears during PCI of acute inferior wall myocardial infarction,the pressurized rapid intravenous drip of Shenfu can improve hypoperfusion which is better than Dopamine in the effects of correcting hypotension and reducing the occurrence of adverse events.

Objective To explore the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution in rats with a single dose by orally administra‐tion of moxifloxacin .Methods Totally 60 rats were equally divided into 10 groups with orally administration moxifloxacin for 50 mg/kg .The lungs ,uterus ,ovaries (tube) ,kidney ,ureter and bladder tissues were collected at different time points (before give med‐icine and after 0 .25 ,0 .50 ,1 .00 ,2 .00 ,3 .00 ,4 .00 ,6 .00 ,8 .00 ,12 .00 ,24 .00 h) .The concentrations of moxifloxacin in tissues were determined by the established HPLC method and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by 3p97 .Results The established HPLC methods had good specificities ,and the linear range was between 0 .001 6-50 .000 0μg/mL for tissue sample .T1/2βof moxi‐floxacin were (13 .65 ± 3 .56) ,(12 .64 ± 2 .86) ,(13 .27 ± 3 .51) ,(13 .47 ± 3 .29) ,(14 .78 ± 2 .64) ,(11 .56 ± 1 .58)h in lung ,uterus , ureterine adnexa ,kidney ,ureter and bladder ;Cmax of moxifloxac in various tissues were (15 .61 ± 3 .58) ,(12 .48 ± 4 .57) ,(16 .18 ± 4 .21) ,(12 .65 ± 3 .17) ,(26 .68 ± 7 .42) ,(1 .13 ± 0 .58)μg/mL ;Tmax of moxifloxac in above tissues were (3 .15 ± 1 .24) ,(2 .66 ± 1 .74) ,(2 .97 ± 1 .65) ,(2 .58 ± 1 .36) ,(3 .47 ± 1 .84) ,(2 .46 ± 1 .87)h;AUC0 -t of moxifloxac in above tissues were (87 .2 ± 5 .41) , (70 .89 ± 4 .56) ,(92 .41 ± 7 .65) ,(88 .26 ± 6 .94) ,(170 .59 ± 21 .48) ,(14 .57 ± 5 .47)μg · h-1 · mL -1 .Conclusion Moxifloxacin had a higher concentration in ureterine adnexa and ureter by orally administration with single dose ,and it can maintain for a long time .

Objective To explore the clinical significance of integrated screening of RET in a Chinese multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A(MEN 2A)family and to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of prophy-lactic total thyroidectomy to MEN 2A-related medullary thyroid carcinoma ( MTC).Methods Medical history was obtained from 10 family members in a 3-generation south China family .Systemic investigations including bio-chemical tests, imaging examinations and germline RET screening were performed .3 asymptomatic mutation car-riers underwent prophylactic total thyroidectomy .Results RET screening showed a heterozygous missense muta-tion of TGC to CGC at codon 634 on exon 11 in 6 members(p.C634R), which was completely consistent with the clinical manifestations.There were 4 males and 2 females.The initial mean diagnostic age of 33.5 years(ranging from 19 years to 65 years) and the mean maximum diameter of MTC was 2.3 cm(ranging from 0.7 cm to 5.2 cm). Among them 3 members had palpable neck masses (1 case with diarrhea).Right total thyroidectomy +right level Ⅵlymph-node dissection with modified right neck dissection in one case , and bilateral total thyroidectomy +bilat-eral level Ⅵlymph-node dissection in 2 were performed .In other 3 asymptomatic mutation carriers , prophylactic total thyroidectomy +bilateral level Ⅵ lymph-node dissection were also performed .Among them, 1 case of a-symptomatic pheochromocytom ( PHEO) underwent cortical-sparing adrenalectomy before MTC .After the first op-eration, 4 patients still presented a high value of calcitonin , among whom 1 patient( T3N 1bM 0-1) underwent re-operation for 3 times after the initial operation and presented metastasis to bone after 130 months, taking vandet-anib orally up to now;2 patients underwent reoperation at 6 and 7 months after initial operation respectively (T1N 1bM0 and T2N 1bM0), and the other one patient was closely monitored and followed up for 22 months(T2N 1b M0).Moreover, The calcitonin levels dropped to normal in the other 2 asymptomatic cases(T1N0M0) who were followed up for 20 months.Conclusions Pedigree screening can work up an early diagnosis and improve the prognosis of MEN 2A.Integrated screening of RET and pre-operative calcitonin level measurement and prophylac-tic thyroidectomy for asymptomatic RET mutation carriers are reasonable and effective .

Objective To assess the memory function of hyperthyroid patients at different disease durations and investigate the value of cerebral blood flow (CBF) imaging in the detection of memory dysfunction in related regions.Methods Thirty-seven hyperthyroid patients (10 males,27 females; mean age (39.27± 10.58) years) and 28 healthy volunteers (8 males,20 females; mean age (35.80±9.41) years) were enrolled into this prospective study.The patients were divided into two subgroups: short duration group (duration ≤ 6 months; n =15),long duration group (duration ＞6 months ; n =22).Wechsler memory scale was used for memory assessment,and cancellation test was used for attention assessment.Self-rating depressions scale (SDS) and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) were used for mood disorder assessment.99Tcm-ECD SPECT CBF imaging was performed at rest for all patients and controls on the same day.SPM 2.0 was used to investigate the differences of rCBF between the two groups.Two independent samples t test was used for the comparisons of memory and attention scores between patients and controls,also between patients with short and long disease durations.Multiple stepwise regression was used for factor analysis of memory state.Results Scale total score (92.27±17.50 vs 101.75±11.70; t=-2.476)and memory quotient (91.32±17.76 vs 100.29±9.43 ; t =-2.421) were significant different between patients and controls (both P＜0.05).The scale total score and memory quotient in patients with long disease duration were significant lower than those of controls(88.77±16.69 vs 101.75±11.70,t=-3.231; 86.18±16.73 vs 100.29±9.43,t=3.770,both P＜0.05).The memory quotient was significant lower in patients with long disease duration than those with short disease duration(86.10± 17.13 vs 98.87± 17.00; t =2.212,P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in memory quotient and scale total score between short duration group and controls (t=-0.754,0.910,both P＞0.05).CBF was reduced in the limbic system of hyperthyroid patients and the involved area was larger in patients with long disease duration.Age,attention score,serum FT4 level and reduced CBF in left pulvina nuclei,left lateral geniculate body and right amygdale were the statistically significant factors for impaired memory function in hyperthyroid patients (b=-0.393-0.685,all P＜0.05).Conclusions Memory impairment could be significant in hyperthyroid patients with long disease duration.CBF imaging could reflect the degree of dysfunction at specific brain regions responsible for memory impairment in these patients.

AIM: To observe the expression of fractalkine, and its receptor, CX3CR1, in renal tissues of patients with diffuse proliferative lupus glomerulonephritis (WHO class IV), minimal glomerular abnormalities, and normal kidney. Meanwhile, the correlation among the expression of fractalkine, CX3CR1 and CD68-positive macrophages was investigated, and the role of fractalkine and CX3CR1 in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis was discussed. METHODS: The expressions of fractalkine, CX3CR1 and CD68 were detected immunohistochemically in kidney tissue sections obtained from twenty-one patients with WHO class IV lupus nephritis, eighteen cases with minimal glomerular abnormalities, and eight normal kidneys which were no abnormality under light microscope. RESULTS: (1) Fractalkine was generally indistinguishable in tissue sections from normal kidney and minimal glomerular abnormalities. CX3CR1-positive cells and CD68-positive macrophages were sparsely detected in the glomeruli and in the cortical interstitium. (2) There were considerable CX3CR1-positive cells and macrophages in both the glomeruli and the interstitium in sections from class IV lupus nephritis. The number of CX3CR1-positive cells significantly correlated with the number of macrophages in the glomeruli and in the interstitium respectively (r=0.956, P