In-depth study of the components of polymyxins is the key to controlling the quality of this class of antibiotics. Similarities and variations of components present significant analytical challenges. A two-dimensional (2D) liquid chromatography-mass spectrometr (LC-MS) method was established for screening and comprehensive profiling of compositions of the antibiotic colistimethate sodium (CMS). A high concentration of phosphate buffer mobile phase was used in the first-dimensional LC system to get the components well separated. For efficient and high-accuracy screening of CMS, a targeted method based on a self-constructed high resolution (HR) mass spectrum database of CMS components was established. The database was built based on the commercial MassHunter Personal Compound Database and Library (PCDL) software and its accuracy of the compound matching result was verified with six known components before being applied to genuine sample screening. On this basis, the unknown peaks in the CMS chromatograms were deduced and assigned. The molecular formula, group composition, and origins of a total of 99 compounds, of which the combined area percentage accounted for more than 95% of CMS components, were deduced by this 2D-LC-MS method combined with the MassHunter PCDL. This profiling method was highly efficient and could distinguish hundreds of components within 3 h, providing reliable results for quality control of this kind of complex drugs.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a refractory disease that can lead to severe destruction of the jaw. As there is no standard protocol for treating MRONJ, various treatments have been studied. Teriparatide has been used as an adjunct therapy for MRONJ. However, its effectiveness has not been sufficiently demonstrated for use as a standard treatment for MRONJ. This study aimed to demonstrate the efficacy of teriparatide in treating MRONJ by presenting two successfully treated cases. Each patient received teriparatide therapy with surgical intervention. The appropriateness of teriparatide use was evaluated based on the patient’s systemic condition, and the administration of teriparatide was supervised by a physician.Complete resolution of the lesion was observed clinically and radiographically in both patients. The first patient underwent implant placement at the lesion site. Due to its anabolic properties and ability to stimulate bone remodeling, teriparatide is an effective adjunctive pharmacological treatment for bone healing before and after surgery with associated beneficial effects on bone and mucosal healing.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a refractory disease that can lead to severe destruction of the jaw. As there is no standard protocol for treating MRONJ, various treatments have been studied. Teriparatide has been used as an adjunct therapy for MRONJ. However, its effectiveness has not been sufficiently demonstrated for use as a standard treatment for MRONJ. This study aimed to demonstrate the efficacy of teriparatide in treating MRONJ by presenting two successfully treated cases. Each patient received teriparatide therapy with surgical intervention. The appropriateness of teriparatide use was evaluated based on the patient’s systemic condition, and the administration of teriparatide was supervised by a physician.Complete resolution of the lesion was observed clinically and radiographically in both patients. The first patient underwent implant placement at the lesion site. Due to its anabolic properties and ability to stimulate bone remodeling, teriparatide is an effective adjunctive pharmacological treatment for bone healing before and after surgery with associated beneficial effects on bone and mucosal healing.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a refractory disease that can lead to severe destruction of the jaw. As there is no standard protocol for treating MRONJ, various treatments have been studied. Teriparatide has been used as an adjunct therapy for MRONJ. However, its effectiveness has not been sufficiently demonstrated for use as a standard treatment for MRONJ. This study aimed to demonstrate the efficacy of teriparatide in treating MRONJ by presenting two successfully treated cases. Each patient received teriparatide therapy with surgical intervention. The appropriateness of teriparatide use was evaluated based on the patient’s systemic condition, and the administration of teriparatide was supervised by a physician.Complete resolution of the lesion was observed clinically and radiographically in both patients. The first patient underwent implant placement at the lesion site. Due to its anabolic properties and ability to stimulate bone remodeling, teriparatide is an effective adjunctive pharmacological treatment for bone healing before and after surgery with associated beneficial effects on bone and mucosal healing.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to find an optimal delivery route for clinical trials of intrathecal cell therapy for spinal cord injury in preclinical stage.METHODS: We compared in vivo distribution of Cy5.5 fluorescent dye in the spinal cord region at various time points utilizing in vivo optical imaging techniques, which was injected into the lateral ventricle (LV) or cisterna magna (CM) of rats.RESULTS: Although CM locates nearer to the spinal cord than the LV, significantly higher signal of Cy5.5 was detected in the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord region at all time points tested when Cy5.5 was injected into the LV. In the LV injection Cy5.5 signal in the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord was observed within 12 hours after injection, which was maintained until 72 hours after injection. In contrast, Cy5.5 signal was concentrated at the injection site in the CM injection at all time points.CONCLUSION: These data suggested that the LV might be suitable for preclinical injection route of therapeutics targeting the spinal cord to test their treatment efficacy and biosafety for spinal cord diseases in small animal models.
Animals ; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy ; Cisterna Magna ; Fluorescence ; Lateral Ventricles ; Models, Animal ; Optical Imaging ; Rats ; Spinal Cord ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Treatment Outcome

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the diagnostic availability and to examine the co-relation between pedobaragraphy and radiography of pediatric flexible flatfoot. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventeen patients and ten normal children were studied. In radiographic evaluation, the talo-1st metatarsal angle was measured on anteroposterior radiographs; and the talo-1st metatarsal angle, the talo-horizontal angle, the calcaneal pitch, and the talocalcaneal angle were measured on lateral radiographs. In pedobarography, foot pressures were subdivided into eight areas for measurement of contact time, ratio of measured area and to investigate the relation between the degree of the medial deviation of the Center of pressure line and the radiographic measurements. RESULTS: Flat foot group and normal group showed statistically significant difference in every angle measured in lateral radiographs. The foot pressure ratios of the lateral sides in forefoot and the medial and lateral sides of midfoot and the medial side of hindfoot between the flexible flatfoot group and normal group showed statistically significant difference in pedobarography and ratio of contact area in forefoot and hindfoot showed significant change in statistics but no changes in contact time. The relation between pedobarography and radiography was investigated: foot pressure of the medial and lateral side of forefoot and the talocalcaneal angle showed significant relation in statistics and foot pressure of the medial and lateral side of mid foot and every angle measured in lateral radiographs showed significant relation in statistics. Contact time of midfoot and every radiographic value measured in lateral radiograph showed significant relation in statistics and contact area of forefoot and midfoot showed significant relation with every radiographic value measured in lateral radiographs. In addition, medial deviation of center of pressure line showed significant relation in statistics with talus-first metatarsal angle measured on anteroposterior radiographs and talo-horizontal angle and talus-first metatarsal angle measured on lateral radiographs. CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed correlation between radiologic methods and pedobarography in diagnosis of pediatric flexible flatfoot and pedobarography is an useful tool in quantitative and qualitative analysis of the degree of foot deformity and medial deviation of center of pressure line.
Child ; Diagnosis ; Flatfoot* ; Foot ; Foot Deformities ; Humans ; Metatarsal Bones ; Radiography

We report here on a case of a neurogenic tumor of the neck with an uncertain origin on the preoperative evaluation. A 67-year-old woman with a palpable mass in the left side of the neck was referred to our hospital. The mass had slowly grown over 7 years and her dyspnea had gradually become more severe over the recent 6 months. Computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed an 8 cm sized solid mass that abutted the trachea and the esophagus without invasion, but the origin of the mass was not clearly identified. During surgical exploration, we identified that the tumor was located in the esophageal muscle layer. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the tumor cells were positive for S-100 protein, which confirmed a diagnosis of schwannoma.
Aged ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential* ; Dyspnea ; Esophagus ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neck ; Neurilemmoma ; S100 Proteins ; Thyroid Gland ; Trachea

PURPOSE: Primary thyroid mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is a very rare subgroup of thyroid lymphoma, accounting for about 6 to 28% of all primary thyroid lymphomas. The purpose of this study was to evaluate its clinicopathological features and treatment outcomes. METHODS: We identified seven patients with thyroid MALT lymphoma who were treated between January 1997 and December 2007, and reviewed their clinicopathological features and follow-up outcomes. RESULTS: There were five female and two male patients, and their mean age was 73 years. All patients presented with palpable neck mass. Two patients had hoarseness and dyspnea. All patients had a history of Hashimoto's thyroiditis with a mean of 175 months. Malignant lymphoma was suspected in only three patients using core needle biopsy. Four patients underwent thyroidectomy in the absence of preoperative pathologic confirmation, and histologic diagnosis was obtained after surgery. As initial treatment, complete surgical resection was performed in five patients, radiotherapy in one, and a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy in one. Six patients were alive for the mean follow-up period of 66 months and one patient died of unrelated causes. There were neither recurrences nor disease-specific mortalities. CONCLUSION: When primary thyroid MALT lymphoma occurs in the thyroid or is confined to the neck, it responds well to local treatment such as surgical resection and external beam radiation therapy.
Accounting ; Biopsy, Large-Core Needle ; Dyspnea ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hoarseness ; Humans ; Lymphoid Tissue ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone ; Male ; Neck ; Recurrence ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroidectomy ; Thyroiditis

PURPOSE: Although several reports have been published regarding the coexistence of hyperparathyroidism and papillary thyroid carcinomas, concurrence of parathyroid adenoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma is extremely rare. The aim of this study was to describe experiences with concurrent parathyroid adenoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma. METHODS: Seven patients with concurrent parathyroid adenoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma were identified between January 2006 and December 2007, and their medical records were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: Of the seven patients identified, three were male and four were female; their mean age was 53.6 years. None of the patients presented with symptomatic hyperparathyroidism preoperatively. On laboratory findings, four patients had mild to moderate hypercalcemia, but serum parathyroid hormone concentrations were high in all patients. Preoperative imaging showed suspicious features of diseased parathyroid glands in four patients; two upon ultrasonography and computed tomography together and two upon ultrasonography only. The coexistence of parathyroid adenoma did not affect the extent of thyroid surgery. Laboratory values after surgery returned to within normal ranges in all patients. CONCLUSION: It is important not only to analyze serum calcium levels but also to carefully interpret imaging studies in order to identify asymptomatic hyperparathyroidism when performing thyroid cancer surgery.
Calcium ; Carcinoma ; Humans ; Hypercalcemia ; Hyperparathyroidism ; Male ; Medical Records ; Parathyroid Glands ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Parathyroid Neoplasms ; Reference Values ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Neoplasms

PURPOSE: Although several reports have been published regarding the coexistence of hyperparathyroidism and papillary thyroid carcinomas, concurrence of parathyroid adenoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma is extremely rare. The aim of this study was to describe experiences with concurrent parathyroid adenoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma. METHODS: Seven patients with concurrent parathyroid adenoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma were identified between January 2006 and December 2007, and their medical records were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: Of the seven patients identified, three were male and four were female; their mean age was 53.6 years. None of the patients presented with symptomatic hyperparathyroidism preoperatively. On laboratory findings, four patients had mild to moderate hypercalcemia, but serum parathyroid hormone concentrations were high in all patients. Preoperative imaging showed suspicious features of diseased parathyroid glands in four patients; two upon ultrasonography and computed tomography together and two upon ultrasonography only. The coexistence of parathyroid adenoma did not affect the extent of thyroid surgery. Laboratory values after surgery returned to within normal ranges in all patients. CONCLUSION: It is important not only to analyze serum calcium levels but also to carefully interpret imaging studies in order to identify asymptomatic hyperparathyroidism when performing thyroid cancer surgery.
Calcium ; Carcinoma ; Humans ; Hypercalcemia ; Hyperparathyroidism ; Male ; Medical Records ; Parathyroid Glands ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Parathyroid Neoplasms ; Reference Values ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Neoplasms