Thyroid hormone receptors (THRs), a crucial nuclear receptor protein family, primarily consist of two categories: α receptors and β receptors. Among them, THRβ is the primary subtype of thyroid hormone that confers benefits to the liver. In the last two decades, there have been efforts to develop THRβ agonists that selectively yield beneficial effects on the liver, such as lowering triglycerides and cholesterol, while reducing adverse effects on the heart, muscle, and bone. This paper systematically reviews strategies to enhance the safety of THRβ agonists for the treatment of MASH, with a focus on improving the selectivity of THRα and increasing the distribution of the drug in the liver. Additionally, we explore the potential application of this target in addressing other medical indications.

OBJECTIVEDiscussion on utility and purposed value of obesity and abdomen obesity when body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR) used as indexes predicting hypertension, hyper-blood glucose, and both clusters, to provide scientific basis for the decision on the indexes and their cut-off points of obesity and abdomen obesity in Chinese people.

METHODSUsing the data of diabetes mellitus (DM) from epidemiological studies carried out in 11 provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities of China from July 1995 to June 1997. Partial relative analysis, logistic multi-factors regression analysis, interaction analysis were used. Relative risk (RR), attributable risk proportion (ARP) and population attributable risk proportion (PARP) of hypertension, hyper-blood glucose, and the both cluster as BMI, WC, WHR with the different cut off points were analysed.

RESULTS1) The correlations between BMI, WC and blood pressure, blood glucose were better than the WHR. 2) After adjusted by age, sex, occupation leisure physical activity, education degree and the family history of DM, the results suggested that BMI, WC, WHR were important predictive factors, with relative importance as BMI > WC > WHR. 3) There were augment interactions on BMI, WC and WHR with hypertension, hyper-blood glucose, with the interaction of BMI and WC in particular. Their pure attributable interaction proportion were from 5.95% to 29.34%. 4) The values of RR were about 2.5 when BMI >/= 23, >/= 24 and >/= 25, suggesting the relationship with exposure factors and diseases were with medium and high maleficent extent. Their ARP were from 0.580 to 0.623 with PARP from 0.259 to 0.425. The values of RR were from 2.06 to 3.08 as WC >/= 85 cm in males, WC >/= 80 cm in females while WC >/= 90 cm in males, WC >/= 80 cm in females, which suggested that the relationship with exposure factors and diseases were in medium and high maleficent extent. Their ARP were from 0.515 to 0.676 while PARP from 0.241 to 0.431.

CONCLUSIONSSince the maleficent extent of exposure factors to diseases, the acceptability for overweight and obesity in population, and the prevention and care for overweight and obesity were just in the introduction stage in China. The utility value of predicted hypertension, hyper-blood glucose in BMI and WC seemed to be better then in WHR. We suggested that BMI used as the obesity index, with the diagnostic cut-off point BMI >/= 24. WC as the abdomen obesity index. The diagnostic cut-off points are suggested to be WC >/= 85 cm in males, and WC >/= 80 cm in females.

Adult ; Aged ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Blood Pressure ; physiology ; Body Constitution ; Body Mass Index ; Diastole ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Hypertension ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; physiopathology ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Systole

Objectives　To understand the quality of life ( QOL) in patients with diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance， and investigate factors affecting their QOL.Methods　Using the SF-36 instrument to assess QOL among 108 patients with diabetes mellitus， 109 patients with impaired glucose tolerance and 116 normal glucose tolerance subjects.Results　In subjects with diabetes mellitus， the proportion of general perceived health assessed to be excellent or good was 12.04%; as compared with the same-age people， the proportion assessed to be good or fairly good was 62.04%.In subjects with impaired glucose tolerance， the two proportions was 13.76% and 69.72% respectively.The total score attained excellent or good level was 72.23% and 83.49% respectively in patients with diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance.The mean score of multi-item dimensions assessment (ranged from 58.33 to 87.38) decreased in diabetes mellitus; the lowest score being emotional role functioning and the highest mean score being physical functioning.Compared with normal glucose tolerance subjects， the mean score of physical functioning， physical role functioning， general health perception， vitality and the total score in diabetes mellitus was significantly decreased;and compared with in impaired glucose tolerance patients， the mean score of vitality， mental health and the total score was significantly decreased in diabetes mellitus.The resulst of correlation analysis demonstrated that age， occupationl， duration of disease， number of symptoms and complications， level of fasting blood glucose and 2-hour past oral blood glucose affected the QOL of diabetes mellitus patients.Conclusions　The results suggested that to enhance the QOL in patients with diabetes mellitus， control of plasma glucose， pay attention to psychological treatment and measures related to diabetes mellitus with different characteristics must be early adopted.

Objectives　To understand the quality of life ( QOL) in patients with diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance， and investigate factors affecting their QOL.Methods　Using the SF-36 instrument to assess QOL among 108 patients with diabetes mellitus， 109 patients with impaired glucose tolerance and 116 normal glucose tolerance subjects.Results　In subjects with diabetes mellitus， the proportion of general perceived health assessed to be excellent or good was 12.04%; as compared with the same-age people， the proportion assessed to be good or fairly good was 62.04%.In subjects with impaired glucose tolerance， the two proportions was 13.76% and 69.72% respectively.The total score attained excellent or good level was 72.23% and 83.49% respectively in patients with diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance.The mean score of multi-item dimensions assessment (ranged from 58.33 to 87.38) decreased in diabetes mellitus; the lowest score being emotional role functioning and the highest mean score being physical functioning.Compared with normal glucose tolerance subjects， the mean score of physical functioning， physical role functioning， general health perception， vitality and the total score in diabetes mellitus was significantly decreased;and compared with in impaired glucose tolerance patients， the mean score of vitality， mental health and the total score was significantly decreased in diabetes mellitus.The resulst of correlation analysis demonstrated that age， occupationl， duration of disease， number of symptoms and complications， level of fasting blood glucose and 2-hour past oral blood glucose affected the QOL of diabetes mellitus patients.Conclusions　The results suggested that to enhance the QOL in patients with diabetes mellitus， control of plasma glucose， pay attention to psychological treatment and measures related to diabetes mellitus with different characteristics must be early adopted.