Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles of clinically isolated Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis in hospitals across China from 2015 to 2021,and provide evidence for rational use of antimicrobial agents.Methods Data of H.influenzae and M.catarrhalis strains isolated from 2015 to 2021 in CHINET program were collected for analysis,and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion method or automated systems according to the uniform protocol of CHINET.The results were interpreted according to the CLSI breakpoints in 2022.Beta-lactamases was detected by using nitrocefin disk.Results From 2015 to 2021,a total of 43 642 strains of Haemophilus species were isolated,accounting for 2.91％of the total clinical isolates and 4.07％of Gram-negative bacteria in CHINET program.Among the 40 437 strains of H.influenzae,66.89％were isolated from children and 33.11％were isolated from adults.More than 90％of the H.influenzae strains were isolated from respiratory tract specimens.The prevalence of β-lactamase was 53.79％in H.influenzae strains.The H.influenzae strains isolated from children showed higher resistance rate than the strains isolated from adults.Overall,779 strains of H.influenzae did not produce β-lactamase but were resistant to ampicillin(BLNAR).Beta-lactamase-producing strains showed significantly higher resistance rates to these antimicrobial agents than the β-lactamase-nonproducing strains.Of the 16 191 M.catarrhalis strains,80.06％were isolated from children and 19.94％isolated from adults.M.catarrhalis strains were mostly susceptible to both amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and cefuroxime,evidenced by resistance rate lower than 2.0％.Conclusions The emergence of antibiotic-resistant H.influenzae due to β-lactamase production poses a challenge for clinical anti-infective treatment.Therefore,it is very important to implement antibiotic resistance surveillance for H.influenzae and guide rational antibiotic use.All local clinical microbiology laboratories should actively improve antibiotic susceptibility testing and strengthen antibiotic resistance surveillance for H.influenzae.

Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles of clinically isolated Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis in hospitals across China from 2015 to 2021,and provide evidence for rational use of antimicrobial agents.Methods Data of H.influenzae and M.catarrhalis strains isolated from 2015 to 2021 in CHINET program were collected for analysis,and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion method or automated systems according to the uniform protocol of CHINET.The results were interpreted according to the CLSI breakpoints in 2022.Beta-lactamases was detected by using nitrocefin disk.Results From 2015 to 2021,a total of 43 642 strains of Haemophilus species were isolated,accounting for 2.91％of the total clinical isolates and 4.07％of Gram-negative bacteria in CHINET program.Among the 40 437 strains of H.influenzae,66.89％were isolated from children and 33.11％were isolated from adults.More than 90％of the H.influenzae strains were isolated from respiratory tract specimens.The prevalence of β-lactamase was 53.79％in H.influenzae strains.The H.influenzae strains isolated from children showed higher resistance rate than the strains isolated from adults.Overall,779 strains of H.influenzae did not produce β-lactamase but were resistant to ampicillin(BLNAR).Beta-lactamase-producing strains showed significantly higher resistance rates to these antimicrobial agents than the β-lactamase-nonproducing strains.Of the 16 191 M.catarrhalis strains,80.06％were isolated from children and 19.94％isolated from adults.M.catarrhalis strains were mostly susceptible to both amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and cefuroxime,evidenced by resistance rate lower than 2.0％.Conclusions The emergence of antibiotic-resistant H.influenzae due to β-lactamase production poses a challenge for clinical anti-infective treatment.Therefore,it is very important to implement antibiotic resistance surveillance for H.influenzae and guide rational antibiotic use.All local clinical microbiology laboratories should actively improve antibiotic susceptibility testing and strengthen antibiotic resistance surveillance for H.influenzae.

Objective In this study, ecological monitoring data of ticks in Changzhou City(2021-2024)were analyzed to understand the composition, distribution, density, and seasonal trends of the different species and thereby provide a scientific basis for tick-borne disease control strategies. Methods Parasitic ticks were monitored via host surface examination, whereas questing ticks were monitored using the flagging method. Results In total,1 506 ticks(636 parasitic,870 questing), belonging to 1 family,2 genera, and 5 species, were collected. Haemaphysalis longicornis(1 389)was the dominant species, followed by Hae. flava(111), Hae. phasiana(3), Amblyomma testudinarium(2), and Hae. hystricis(1). The parasitic tick index was 1.89 (goats as the dominant hosts), whereas the questing tick density was 0.65 individuals/(cloth flag·100 m) (forest parks as the dominant habitat). Tick activity peaked in July. Conclusions Hae. longicornis is the dominant species in Changzhou City, with activity peaking in July. As these ticks pose a significant public health risk, targeted control measures are recommended.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

Objective: To determine the knowledge of influenza, pneumonia, herpes zoster and related vaccines, willingness to vaccinate under multiple payment scenarios, and corresponding risk factors among people over 50 years old in Minhang District of Shanghai. Methods: A total of 1 672 respondents aged 50-69 from 13 communities/towns in Minhang district of Shanghai were included in this study using a stratified random sampling strategy on December 2020. The knowledge of influenza, pneumonia, herpes zoster and vaccines was investigated using a questionnaire, and the differences in the willingness under multiple payment scenarios were determined using chi-square test. The consistency in the willingness under multiple payment scenarios was compared using Cohen's Kappa and the risk factors of the willingness was determined using ordinal logistic regression. Results: The average age of 1 672 respondents was (60.48±5.96) years old, including 777 (46.47%) males and 895 (53.53%) females. A total of 1 350 subjects (80.74%) had local household registration in Shanghai. The proportion of the willingness to vaccinate for themselves, spouses, and parents under any payment scenario was determined to be 80.6% (influenza vaccine), 81.5% (pneumonia vaccine), and 74.0% (herpes zoster vaccine). The willingness to vaccinate against influenza and pneumonia under multiple payment scenarios remained stable (Kappa value ≥0.6), while that against herpes zoster infection was inconsistent (Kappa value ≤0.35). Logistic regression analysis showed that respondents who had higher knowledge of influenza and influenza vaccine [OR (95%CI): 1.111 (1.054-1.170), 1.182 (1.126-1.240), respectively], aged 50-59 [1.305 (1.085-1.531)] and local household registration in Shanghai [1.372 (1.079-1.721)] had higher willingness to vaccinate against influenza, while males had lower willingness [0.733 (0.551-0.910)]. Respondents who had higher knowledge of pneumonia and pneumonia vaccine [OR (95%CI): 1.837 (1.152-2.517), 2.217 (1.541-2.893), respectively] had higher willingness to receive pneumonia vaccine. Respondents aged 50-59 [1.327 (1.059-1.537)] and with local household registration in Shanghai [2.497 (1.417-4.400)] were more likely to be vaccinated against herpes zoster, while those with middle school degree or below [0.664 (0.396-0.992)] and high school degree [0.559 (0.324-0.964)] were less likely to be vaccinated. Conclusion: Among people aged over 50 years old in Minhang district of Shanghai, the willingness to vaccinate for themselves, spouses, and parents against influenza, pneumonia and herpes zoster infection is quite different under multiple payment scenarios, especially for herpes zoster vaccine.
Aged ; China ; Female ; Herpes Zoster/prevention & control* ; Herpes Zoster Vaccine ; Humans ; Influenza Vaccines ; Influenza, Human/prevention & control* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonia/prevention & control* ; Vaccination

METHODS: To establish the acquired aplastic anemia mouse model through the X-ray irradiation in combination with lymphocytes injection. AA Group: the purified Pan T lymphocytes from the spleen of C57BL/6J mice were enriched and injected to the mice through tail vein(5×10 RESULTS: Compared with 4, 5 Gy irradiated mice in AA groups, the survival time of 3 Gy irradiated AA groups was significantly prolonged. 3, 4 and 5 Gy X-ray irradiation combined with Pan T lymphocyte injection could successfully induced severe reduction of red blood cells, blood neutrophils, and platelets, severe reduction of bone marrow nucleated cells, severe bone marrow hematopoietic failure, and the significant expansion of T lymphocytes ratio in the bone marrow. CD4 CONCLUSION 3, 4 and 5 Gy X-ray irradiation combined with 5×10
Anemia, Aplastic ; Animals ; Bone Marrow ; Bone Marrow Cells ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL

The present study is to establish a quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker(QAMS) for determining contents of seven compositions in Alismatis Rhizoma, alismoxide, alisol C 23-acetate, alisol A, alismol, alisol B, alisol B 23-acetate and 11-deoxy-alisol B. Six relative correction factors(RCFs) of alismoxide, alisol C 23-acetate, alisol A, alismol, alisol B and 11-deoxy-alisol B were established in the UPLC method with alisol B 23-acetate as the internal standard, which was to calculate the mass fraction of each. The mass fraction of seven effective constituents in Alismatis Rhizoma was calculated by the external standard method(ESM) at the same time. Compared with the content results determined by the ESM and QAMS, the feasibility and accuracy of QAMS method were verified. Within the linear range, the RCFs of alismoxide, alisol C 23-acetate, alisol A, alismol, alisol B, 11-deoxy-alisol B were 0.946, 4.183, 0.915, 1.039, 0.923 and 1.244, respectively, with good repeatability in different experimental conditions. There was no significant difference between the QAMS method and ESM method. Then, QAMS method was applied to determination of the different degree Alismatis Rhizoma from different areas. As a result, the concentrations of 7 components have differences in different areas, but no significant differences in different grades. The QAMS method is feasible and accurate for the determination of the seven chemical compositions, and which can be used for quality control of Alismatis Rhizoma.
Alismatales ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Phytochemicals ; analysis ; Rhizome ; chemistry

ABSTRACT:Objective To investigate the nursing methods of artificial lens implantation by three points suspension in the treatment of aphakic eye.Methods 12 cases with aphakic eyes were included in this study.XLSTABI -SKY foldable artificial lens was implanted by suspension of three points in the second phase,and all the patients was followed-up by more than six months. Preparation before operations,human-based nursing during operations and individualized nursing after operations were done and complications were observed.Results Through the operation and special nursing,each patient got a better corrected visual acuity than that before operation,en-dothelial decompensation and endophthalmitis of artificial artificial lens were not observed.Conclu-sion Special nursing and education for patients with implantation of foldable artificial lens sus-pended by three points could improve visual acuity and satisfactory consequences.

ABSTRACT:Objective To investigate the nursing methods of artificial lens implantation by three points suspension in the treatment of aphakic eye.Methods 12 cases with aphakic eyes were included in this study.XLSTABI -SKY foldable artificial lens was implanted by suspension of three points in the second phase,and all the patients was followed-up by more than six months. Preparation before operations,human-based nursing during operations and individualized nursing after operations were done and complications were observed.Results Through the operation and special nursing,each patient got a better corrected visual acuity than that before operation,en-dothelial decompensation and endophthalmitis of artificial artificial lens were not observed.Conclu-sion Special nursing and education for patients with implantation of foldable artificial lens sus-pended by three points could improve visual acuity and satisfactory consequences.