AIM To study the chemical constituents from flower buds of Magnolia biondii Pamp.and their in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities.METHODS The 50% acetone extract from the flower buds of M.biondii was isolated and purified by Diaion HP-20,Toyopearl HW-40C,ODS and semi-preparative HPLC,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of these compounds were determined according to previous method established by research group.RESULTS Seventeen compounds were isolated and identified as crassifolioside(1),magnoloside B(2),rutin(3),isoquercitrin(4),quercetin(5),northalifoline(6),cordysinin B(7),thymidine(8),indazole(9),dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol(10),aesculetin(11),C-veratroylglycol(12),3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol(13),3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethanol(14),3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid(15),2,4,6-trimethoxyphenol(16),syringic acid(17).CONCLUSION Compounds 1-17 are isolated from this plant for the first time,none of which show acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities at the concentration of 20 μmol/L.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of first-episode and recurrent acute hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis (HTGP).Methods:The retrospective cohort study was con-ducted. The clinical data of 313 patients with HTGP admitted to 26 medical centers in China in the Chinese Acute Pancreatitis Clinical Research Group (CAPCTG)-PERFORM database from November 2020 to December 2021 were collected. There were 219 males and 94 females, aged 38(32,44)years. Of the 313 patients, 193 patients with first-episode HTGP were allocated into the first-episode group and 120 patients with recurrent HTGP were allocated into the recurrent group. Observation indica-tors: (1) propensity score matching and comparison of general data of patients between the two groups after matching; (2) comparison of severity and prognosis in the course of disease within 14 days between the two groups; (3) the association between recurrent HTGP and the risk of persistent organ failure (POF); (4) follow-up. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was conducted using the independent sample t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M( Q1, Q3), and comparison between groups was conducted using the Wilcoxon rank sum test. Count data were expressed as absolute numbers or percentages, and comparison between groups was conducted using the chi-square test. Comparison of ordinal data was conducted using the Wilcoxon rank sum test. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot the cumulative recurrence rate curve and Log-Rank test was used for survival analysis. The Logistic regression model was used for multivariate analysis, and continuous variables were converted into categorical variables according to the mean value or common criteria. Propensity score matching was performed by 1∶1 nearest neighbor matching method, with caliper value of 0.02. Paired t test or Wilcoxon rank sum test and McNemar′s test were used for comparison between matched groups. Results:(1) Propensity score matching and comparison of general data of patients between the two groups after matching. Of the 313 patients,208 cases were successfully matched, including 104 cases in the first-episode group and 104 cases in the recurrent group. After propensity score matching, there was no significant difference in demographic characteristics, severity of illness scores and laboratory test between the two groups ( P>0.05). The elimination of gender, acute physiology and chornic health evaluation (APACHE) Ⅱ score, computed tomography severity index score, systemic inflammatory response syndrome score, sequential organ failure assessment score, apolipoprotein E, C-reactive protein, creatinine, lactic acid dehydrogenase, procal-citonin confounding bias ensured comparability between the two groups. (2) Comparison of severity and prognosis in the course of disease within 14 days between the two groups. There were signifi-cant differences in POF and local complications between the first-episode group and the recurrent group ( P<0.05). (3) The association between recurrent HTGP and the risk of POF. Results of uncor-rected univariate analysis showed that there was no association between recurrent HTGP and the risk of POF ( odds ratio=0.78, 95% confidence interval as 0.46-1.30, P>0.05). Results of multivariate analysis after adjusting for covariates such as gender, age, APACHE Ⅱ score, C-reactive protein, triglyceride and total cholesterol showed that compared with first-episode HTGP, recurrent HTGP was associated with a higher risk of POF ( odds ratio=2.22, 95% confidence interval as 1.05-4.71, P<0.05). Results of subgroup analysis showed that age<40 years was associated with an increased risk of POF ( odds ratio=3.31, 95% confidence interval as 1.09-10.08, P<0.05). (4) Follow-up. Twelve of the 313 patients died during hospitalization, including 9 cases in the first-episode group and 3 cases in the recurrent group. The rest of 301 surviving patients, including 184 cases in the first-episode group and 117 cases in the recurrent group, were followed up for 19.2(15.5, 21.9)months. Results of follow-up showed that for 184 survived patients of the first-episode group, 164 cases were followed up and 24 cases experienced recurrence, for 117 survived patients of the recurrent group,29 cases experienced recurrence, showing a significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=4.67, P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared with first-episode HTGP, patients with recurrent HTGP are more prone to POF and local complications, and are more prone to recurrence after discharge. The risk of POF in recurrent HTGP patients is 2.22 times that of those with first-episode, and the risk is higher in patients with age <40 years.

Objective To analyze the risks and related influencing factors of early screening for lung cancer,and to study prognostic factors based on survival conditions,in order to ultimately provide baseline data for the prevention and treatment of lung cancer.Methods A cluster sampling method was used to select 40 to 75 year old registered residence residents in 10 districts and 6 counties of Zhengzhou City in 2020 as screening objects.Through voluntary participation and filling in evaluation questionnaires,high-risk groups of lung cancer were evalu-ated,and then three screening tests(tumor markers,low-dose spiral CT and lung function)were performed on high-risk groups.Finally,we will adopt an active and passive follow-up approach to collect information on diag-nosed lung cancer patients.Statistically describe the screening data and describe the epidemiological results of different characteristic populations;Using multivariate logistic regression method for statistical analysis,compare the differences in various results of different factors.Results 50128 cases of early screening for lung cancer in Zhengzhou City were evaluated in 2020,with a completion rate of 100.26%.The average age of the survey was(59.86±17.67)years old,and the gender ratio was 0.81∶1.The high-risk detection rate is 30.15%.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that males(smoking)(OR=5.43,95%CI:5.20～5.67),individuals with a history of tobacco exposure(OR=3.82,95%CI:3.67～3.98),first-degree relatives who had previously suffered from lung cancer(OR=12.06,95%CI:11.02～13.20),and other populations were more susceptible to lung cancer(all P<0.05).Conclusion Male(smoking),exposure to secondhand smoke,cancer in first-degree relatives,previous diagnosis of other tumors,symptoms of lung infection,"chest tightness,shortness of breath,and difficulty breathing in daily life",and"significant psychological trauma in the past 3 years"are independent risk factors for lung cancer,which should be given special attention and effective intervention measures should be taken.

Objective To explore the efficacy of a new anti-heart failure drug,Entresto,in the prevention of cardiotoxicity caused by doxorubicin(DOX).Methods Male adult ICR mice were randomly divided into three groups(n = 8):control group,DOX group and DOX plus Entresto group.Cardiac function of mice was measured by echocardiography.H9c2 cells were pretreated with Entresto(0-48 μmol/L)for 24 hours in the presence or absence of DOX(1 mmol/L),and then cell viability,oxidative stress,apoptosis and mitochondrial function were evaluated.Results As compared with the control group,leakage of CK,CK-MB and LDH increased significantly in the DOX group(P<0.01),and left ventricular systolic dysfunction occurred.Entresto administration reversed these changes in the DOX group.The level of ROS and the number of apoptotic cells in cardiomyocytes in the DOX plus Entresto group were lower than those in the DOX group(P<0.05).As compared with the DOX group,the level of ROS and the number of apoptotic cells in H9c2 cells decreased significantly in the Entresto plus DOX group(P<0.05),and mitochondrial membrane potential increased significantly(P<0.05).Entresto reversed the inhibitory effect of DOX on SIRT1/PGC-1α/MFN2 signaling pathway.Conclusions Entresto improves DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting ROS-mediated oxidative stress and apoptosis,and its mechanism may be related to SIRT1/PGC-1α/MFN2 signal transduction pathway.

BACKGROUND:At present,lumbar interbody fusion is widely used in the treatment of a variety of lumbar diseases.However,how to reduce postoperative complications such as pseudarthrosis formation,screw loosening and fracture,and cage failure remains a serious challenge. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the effect of total lumbar range of motion on the stress or strain of bone grafts,cage,and screw-rod system,so as to better guide patients to carry out lumbar activities to reduce the risks of pseudarthrosis formation and instrumentation failure. METHODS:An intact human L1-S1 finite element model was constructed using Mimics,3-Matic,HyperMesh,and Abaqus software and the transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion was simulated.The average strain of the interbody bone grafts and the peak stresses of the cage and screw-rod system were compared before and after applying the bending moment,and the changing trend with the total range of motion was analyzed.The stress nephogram was drawn to observe the stress distribution. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with applying the vertical compression load alone,the average strain of the interbody bone grafts,peak stresses of the cage and screw-rod system after applying bending moment increased by 2.6%-55.3%,65.6%-166.8%,and 36.0%-353.4%,respectively.(2)With the increase of total range of motion,the average strain of the interbody bone grafts increased nonlinearly and produced the maximum value under left and right axial rotation,while the peak stresses of the cage and screw-rod system increased linearly and produced the maximum value under left and right lateral bending.(3)The stress distribution of the interbody bone grafts and cage was related to the loading condition.The stress of the screw-rod system was mainly concentrated in the interfaces of the screw-bone and screw-rod.(4)Therefore,increasing axial rotation activity after operation may reduce the risk of pseudarthrosis formation,while reducing lateral bending activity may reduce the failure of the cage and screw-rod system.

BACKGROUND:This meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy of high-dose glucose-insulin-potassium(GIK)therapy on clinical outcomes in acute coronary syndrome(ACS)patients receiving reperfusion therapy. METHODS:We searched the PubMed,Web of Science,MEDLINE,Embase,and Cochrane Library databases from inception to April 26,2022,for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that compared high-dose GIK and placebos in ACS patients receiving reperfusion therapy.The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events(MACEs). RESULTS:Eleven RCTs with 884 patients were ultimately included.Compared with placebos,high-dose GIK markedly reduced MACEs(risk ratio[RR]0.57,95％confidence interval[95％CI]:0.35 to 0.94,P=0.03)and the risk of heart failure(RR 0.48,95％CI:0.25 to 0.95,P=0.04)and improved the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)(mean difference[MD]2.12,95％CI:0.40 to 3.92,P=0.02)at 6 months.However,no difference was observed in all-cause mortality at 30 d or 1 year.Additionally,high-dose GIK was significantly associated with increased incidences of phlebitis(RR 4.78,95％CI:1.36 to 16.76,P=0.01),hyperglycemia(RR 9.06,95％CI:1.74 to 47.29,P=0.009)and hypoglycemia(RR 6.50,95％CI:1.28 to 33.01,P=0.02)but not reinfarction,hyperkalemia or secondary reperfusion.In terms of oxidative stress-lowering function,high-dose GIK markedly reduced superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity but not glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)or catalase(CAT)activity. CONCLUSION:Patients with ACS receiving reperfusion therapy exhibited a reduction in MACEs and good oxidative stress-lowering efficacy in response to high-dose GIK.Moreover,with a higher incidence of complications such as phlebitis,hyperglycemia,and hypoglycemia.Furthermore,there were no observed survival benefits associated with high-dose GIK.More trials with long-term follow-up are still needed.

BACKGROUND:This meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy of high-dose glucose-insulin-potassium(GIK)therapy on clinical outcomes in acute coronary syndrome(ACS)patients receiving reperfusion therapy. METHODS:We searched the PubMed,Web of Science,MEDLINE,Embase,and Cochrane Library databases from inception to April 26,2022,for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that compared high-dose GIK and placebos in ACS patients receiving reperfusion therapy.The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events(MACEs). RESULTS:Eleven RCTs with 884 patients were ultimately included.Compared with placebos,high-dose GIK markedly reduced MACEs(risk ratio[RR]0.57,95％confidence interval[95％CI]:0.35 to 0.94,P=0.03)and the risk of heart failure(RR 0.48,95％CI:0.25 to 0.95,P=0.04)and improved the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)(mean difference[MD]2.12,95％CI:0.40 to 3.92,P=0.02)at 6 months.However,no difference was observed in all-cause mortality at 30 d or 1 year.Additionally,high-dose GIK was significantly associated with increased incidences of phlebitis(RR 4.78,95％CI:1.36 to 16.76,P=0.01),hyperglycemia(RR 9.06,95％CI:1.74 to 47.29,P=0.009)and hypoglycemia(RR 6.50,95％CI:1.28 to 33.01,P=0.02)but not reinfarction,hyperkalemia or secondary reperfusion.In terms of oxidative stress-lowering function,high-dose GIK markedly reduced superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity but not glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)or catalase(CAT)activity. CONCLUSION:Patients with ACS receiving reperfusion therapy exhibited a reduction in MACEs and good oxidative stress-lowering efficacy in response to high-dose GIK.Moreover,with a higher incidence of complications such as phlebitis,hyperglycemia,and hypoglycemia.Furthermore,there were no observed survival benefits associated with high-dose GIK.More trials with long-term follow-up are still needed.

BACKGROUND:This meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy of high-dose glucose-insulin-potassium(GIK)therapy on clinical outcomes in acute coronary syndrome(ACS)patients receiving reperfusion therapy. METHODS:We searched the PubMed,Web of Science,MEDLINE,Embase,and Cochrane Library databases from inception to April 26,2022,for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that compared high-dose GIK and placebos in ACS patients receiving reperfusion therapy.The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events(MACEs). RESULTS:Eleven RCTs with 884 patients were ultimately included.Compared with placebos,high-dose GIK markedly reduced MACEs(risk ratio[RR]0.57,95％confidence interval[95％CI]:0.35 to 0.94,P=0.03)and the risk of heart failure(RR 0.48,95％CI:0.25 to 0.95,P=0.04)and improved the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)(mean difference[MD]2.12,95％CI:0.40 to 3.92,P=0.02)at 6 months.However,no difference was observed in all-cause mortality at 30 d or 1 year.Additionally,high-dose GIK was significantly associated with increased incidences of phlebitis(RR 4.78,95％CI:1.36 to 16.76,P=0.01),hyperglycemia(RR 9.06,95％CI:1.74 to 47.29,P=0.009)and hypoglycemia(RR 6.50,95％CI:1.28 to 33.01,P=0.02)but not reinfarction,hyperkalemia or secondary reperfusion.In terms of oxidative stress-lowering function,high-dose GIK markedly reduced superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity but not glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)or catalase(CAT)activity. CONCLUSION:Patients with ACS receiving reperfusion therapy exhibited a reduction in MACEs and good oxidative stress-lowering efficacy in response to high-dose GIK.Moreover,with a higher incidence of complications such as phlebitis,hyperglycemia,and hypoglycemia.Furthermore,there were no observed survival benefits associated with high-dose GIK.More trials with long-term follow-up are still needed.

BACKGROUND:This meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy of high-dose glucose-insulin-potassium(GIK)therapy on clinical outcomes in acute coronary syndrome(ACS)patients receiving reperfusion therapy. METHODS:We searched the PubMed,Web of Science,MEDLINE,Embase,and Cochrane Library databases from inception to April 26,2022,for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that compared high-dose GIK and placebos in ACS patients receiving reperfusion therapy.The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events(MACEs). RESULTS:Eleven RCTs with 884 patients were ultimately included.Compared with placebos,high-dose GIK markedly reduced MACEs(risk ratio[RR]0.57,95％confidence interval[95％CI]:0.35 to 0.94,P=0.03)and the risk of heart failure(RR 0.48,95％CI:0.25 to 0.95,P=0.04)and improved the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)(mean difference[MD]2.12,95％CI:0.40 to 3.92,P=0.02)at 6 months.However,no difference was observed in all-cause mortality at 30 d or 1 year.Additionally,high-dose GIK was significantly associated with increased incidences of phlebitis(RR 4.78,95％CI:1.36 to 16.76,P=0.01),hyperglycemia(RR 9.06,95％CI:1.74 to 47.29,P=0.009)and hypoglycemia(RR 6.50,95％CI:1.28 to 33.01,P=0.02)but not reinfarction,hyperkalemia or secondary reperfusion.In terms of oxidative stress-lowering function,high-dose GIK markedly reduced superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity but not glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)or catalase(CAT)activity. CONCLUSION:Patients with ACS receiving reperfusion therapy exhibited a reduction in MACEs and good oxidative stress-lowering efficacy in response to high-dose GIK.Moreover,with a higher incidence of complications such as phlebitis,hyperglycemia,and hypoglycemia.Furthermore,there were no observed survival benefits associated with high-dose GIK.More trials with long-term follow-up are still needed.

BACKGROUND:This meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy of high-dose glucose-insulin-potassium(GIK)therapy on clinical outcomes in acute coronary syndrome(ACS)patients receiving reperfusion therapy. METHODS:We searched the PubMed,Web of Science,MEDLINE,Embase,and Cochrane Library databases from inception to April 26,2022,for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that compared high-dose GIK and placebos in ACS patients receiving reperfusion therapy.The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events(MACEs). RESULTS:Eleven RCTs with 884 patients were ultimately included.Compared with placebos,high-dose GIK markedly reduced MACEs(risk ratio[RR]0.57,95％confidence interval[95％CI]:0.35 to 0.94,P=0.03)and the risk of heart failure(RR 0.48,95％CI:0.25 to 0.95,P=0.04)and improved the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)(mean difference[MD]2.12,95％CI:0.40 to 3.92,P=0.02)at 6 months.However,no difference was observed in all-cause mortality at 30 d or 1 year.Additionally,high-dose GIK was significantly associated with increased incidences of phlebitis(RR 4.78,95％CI:1.36 to 16.76,P=0.01),hyperglycemia(RR 9.06,95％CI:1.74 to 47.29,P=0.009)and hypoglycemia(RR 6.50,95％CI:1.28 to 33.01,P=0.02)but not reinfarction,hyperkalemia or secondary reperfusion.In terms of oxidative stress-lowering function,high-dose GIK markedly reduced superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity but not glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)or catalase(CAT)activity. CONCLUSION:Patients with ACS receiving reperfusion therapy exhibited a reduction in MACEs and good oxidative stress-lowering efficacy in response to high-dose GIK.Moreover,with a higher incidence of complications such as phlebitis,hyperglycemia,and hypoglycemia.Furthermore,there were no observed survival benefits associated with high-dose GIK.More trials with long-term follow-up are still needed.