Perimenopausal depression （PMD） is an affective disorder that occurs in women during the transition from sexual maturity to old age. It can induce various complications， such as insomnia and cognitive decline. The etiology of PMD is complex. Although multiple hypotheses have been proposed， there is still no unified theory that fully explains its pathogenesis. Research into its mechanisms relies heavily on animal experiments， and establishing reliable animal models is crucial for experimental studies. Appropriate animal models can better simulate human pathophysiological states， rapidly evaluate the efficacy and safety of drugs and intervention methods， grasp the essence of the disease， and uncover its intrinsic connections， thereby exploring more advanced intervention strategies. However， there is a lack of systematic review and summarization of literature related to model construction. Additionally， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， adhering to the principles of ''syndrome differentiation and treatment'' and ''holistic concept''， has shown significant efficacy in treating PMD. In recent years， research exploring and analyzing its therapeutic mechanisms has been increasing. Therefore， to gain a clearer and more comprehensive understanding of PMD animal modeling methods and the mechanisms of TCM， this paper reviewed Chinese and English literature on PMD animal models and mechanisms of TCM in PMD treatment. It summarized the construction methods of single-factor and multi-factor PMD models， and discussed the advantages and disadvantages of each modeling approach. Furthermore， it delved into the mechanisms of TCM intervention in PMD， revealing that TCM formulas primarily exert their effects by regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis， hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis， gut-brain axis， cell signaling pathways， neural circuits， hormone levels， and neurotransmitter levels. This review aims to provide a reference for future research in this field. In summary， by summarizing the progress in the methods for PMD animal model construction and the mechanisms of TCM， the paper seeks to offer new insights into the mechanistic research of TCM intervention in PMD.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Qiwei dongqingye powder （QDP） on bronchial asthma in mice. METHODS The mice were divided into blank group （normal saline）， model group （normal saline）， dexamethasone group （2 mg/kg）， and QDP low-， medium-， and high-dose groups （200， 400， 800 mg/kg）， with 14 mice in each group. Except for the blank group， mice in all other groups were given ovalbumin via intraperitoneal injection followed by aerosol inhalation to induce a bronchial asthma model. During the modeling process， mice in each group were administered corresponding drug solutions or normal saline intragastrically/intraperitoneally. After the last medication， the number of cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） of the mice was observed and counted； the pathological changes of the bronchus and lung tissue were observed； the levels of malondialdehyde （MDA）， nitric oxide （NO）， total superoxide dismutase （T-SOD）， and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） in the lung tissue of the mice were determined， and the level of interleukin-17 （IL-17） in the BALF and serum was determined. Transcriptomics was employed to predict and validate the mechanism of action of QDP against bronchial asthma. RESULTS Compared with the model group， the total cell count， neutrophil count， lymphocyte count， and macrophage counts in the BALF of the QDP high-dose group were all significantly reduced （ P ＜0.05）； the levels of MDA and NO in the lung tissue， and the levels of IL-17 in the BALF and serum were all decreased significantly （ P ＜0.05）； the levels of T-SOD and GSH-Px were significantly increased （ P ＜0.05）； the arrangement of lung tissue cells tended to normalize， with reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells and decreased exfoliation of bronchial simple columnar epithelial cells. The transcriptomic results revealed that the differentially expressed genes were B-cell receptor signaling pathway， nuclear factor κB （NF-κB） signaling pathway， ferroptosis signaling pathway， and others. Further validation revealed that， compared with the model group， the expression levels of NF-κB p65 and chemokine ligand 20， as well as the phosphorylation level of NF-κB inhibitor protein α， were significantly decreased in the lung tissues of the mice in all QDP groups （ P ＜0.05）. Conversely， the protein expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 （Nrf2） and heme oxygenase 1 （HO-1） were significantly increased （ P ＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS QDP can effectively alleviate bronchial asthma by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway， activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway， regulating oxidative stress， and reducing inflammatory responses.

As China accelerates its efforts in deep space exploration and long-duration space missions, including the operationalization of the Tiangong Space Station and the development of manned lunar missions, safeguarding astronauts’ physiological and cognitive functions under extreme space conditions becomes a pressing scientific imperative. Among the multifactorial stressors of spaceflight, microgravity emerges as a particularly potent disruptor of neurobehavioral homeostasis. Dopamine (DA) plays a central role in regulating behavior under space microgravity by influencing reward processing, motivation, executive function and sensorimotor integration. Changes in gravity disrupt dopaminergic signaling at multiple levels, leading to impairments in motor coordination, cognitive flexibility, and emotional stability. Microgravity exposure induces a cascade of neurobiological changes that challenge dopaminergic stability at multiple levels: from the transcriptional regulation of DA synthesis enzymes and the excitability of DA neurons, to receptor distribution dynamics and the efficiency of downstream signaling pathways. These changes involve downregulation of tyrosine hydroxylase in the substantia nigra, reduced phosphorylation of DA receptors, and alterations in vesicular monoamine transporter expression, all of which compromise synaptic DA availability. Experimental findings from space analog studies and simulated microgravity models suggest that gravitational unloading alters striatal and mesocorticolimbic DA circuitry, resulting in diminished motor coordination, impaired vestibular compensation, and decreased cognitive flexibility. These alterations not only compromise astronauts’ operational performance but also elevate the risk of mood disturbances and motivational deficits during prolonged missions. The review systematically synthesizes current findings across multiple domains: molecular neurobiology, behavioral neuroscience, and gravitational physiology. It highlights that maintaining DA homeostasis is pivotal in preserving neuroplasticity, particularly within brain regions critical to adaptation, such as the basal ganglia, prefrontal cortex, and cerebellum. The paper also discusses the dual-edged nature of DA plasticity: while adaptive remodeling of synapses and receptor sensitivity can serve as compensatory mechanisms under stress, chronic dopaminergic imbalance may lead to maladaptive outcomes, such as cognitive rigidity and motor dysregulation. Furthermore, we propose a conceptual framework that integrates homeostatic neuroregulation with the demands of space environmental adaptation. By drawing from interdisciplinary research, the review underscores the potential of multiple intervention strategies including pharmacological treatment, nutritional support, neural stimulation techniques, and most importantly, structured physical exercise. Recent rodent studies demonstrate that treadmill exercise upregulates DA transporter expression in the dorsal striatum, enhances tyrosine hydroxylase activity, and increases DA release during cognitive tasks, indicating both protective and restorative effects on dopaminergic networks. Thus, exercise is highlighted as a key approach because of its sustained effects on DA production, receptor function, and brain plasticity, making it a strong candidate for developing effective measures to support astronauts in maintaining cognitive and emotional stability during space missions. In conclusion, the paper not only underscores the centrality of DA homeostasis in space neuroscience but also reflects the authors’ broader academic viewpoint: understanding the neurochemical substrates of behavior under microgravity is fundamental to both space health and terrestrial neuroscience. By bridging basic neurobiology with applied space medicine, this work contributes to the emerging field of gravitational neurobiology and provides a foundation for future research into individualized performance optimization in extreme environments.

Objective To propose an image reconstruction method combining convolutinoal auto-encoder(CAE)and U-Net++network to solve the problems of ill-conditioned sensitivity matrix during cerebral blood flow impedance image reconstruction.Methods Firstly,the CAE model was optimized by introducing dense jump connections in the U-Net++network to enhance the perception of weak features in the sensitivity matrix.Secondly,the feature fusion mechanism in U-Net++network was combined to realize multi-scale fusion of the encoder and decoder in the CAE model,which improved the efficiency of feature transfer.Finally,the simulation data was used for pre-training and convolutional neural networks(CNN)was applied to predicting the conductivity,so as to implement high-precision image recontruction.In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method,the reconstruction results for five representative regions of blood flow changes were compared with those by the Tikhonov and conjugate gradient(CG)methods.Results When compared with the Tikhonov and CG methods,the proposed method had the average relative error decreased by 56.96%and 53.05%and the correlation coefficient increased by 19.37%and 5.79%for the reconstruction results of the five representative regions,respectively.The mean value of the structural similarity index by the proposed method was higher than 0.757 for the reconstruction results of the five regions,which was significantly higher than those by the other two methods.Conclusion The proposed method accurately reflects the size and location of blood flow changes in the brain region,enhances the precision and quality of image reconstruction and provides an effective solution for accurate reconstruction of cerebral blood flow impedance images.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(10):1-8]

The evolution of acupuncture anesthesia (AA) has spanned six decades. Cardiothoracic surgery serves as a representative case study to illustrate this evolution. Reflecting on its historical development, the use of AA in cardiothoracic surgery has advanced from basic AA procedures in the 1960s to combined acupuncture and drug anesthesia techniques in the early 1980s. Since 2005, the innovative use of non-intubation AA combined anesthesia has been implemented extensively in cardiothoracic surgery. As the medical industry continues to evolve, the techniques applied in AA have expanded to encompass the entire perioperative period in cardiothoracic surgery, leading to the introduction of the concept of modern AA. The use of AA in cardiothoracic surgery exemplifies the ongoing advances and integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine. Moving forward, it is imperative to enhance the theoretical framework of AA through the execution of rigorous multicenter clinical trials, to further strengthen the body of evidence supporting evidence-based medicine, and to finally explore the underlying mechanisms of AA. Please cite this article as: Wu XD, Wei XQ, Chen TY, Zhou WX, Wang K, Zhou J. From pioneering to innovation: A comprehensive review of acupuncture anesthesia in cardiothoracic surgeries. J Integr Med. 2025; 23(6):623-629.
Humans ; Acupuncture Analgesia/methods* ; Acupuncture Therapy/methods* ; Cardiac Surgical Procedures ; Anesthesia/methods* ; Thoracic Surgical Procedures

Objective To systematically evaluate the effectiveness and acceptability of antidepressant drugs in the treatment of postpartum depression(PPD).Methods The PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Database,VIP Journals of Chinese Scienc were searched,and Chinese Biomedical Literature Service System(SinoMed)database until November 2023.Screen randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of antidepressant drugs for the treatment of PPD.The treatment group was given antidepressant drugs,and the control group was given placebo or another antidepressant drug.Meta-analysis of effectiveness and acceptability is performed using Stata 17.0 software.Results A total of 27 RCTs with a total of 2 202 patients were included.The results of meta-analysis showed:The top three efficacy relative to placebo were mirtazapine[odds ratio(OR)=2.25,95％confidence interval(CI)=(1.20-3.30),P＜0.05],nortriptyline[OR=1.50,95％CI=(0.55-2.44),P＞0.05],venlafaxine[OR=1.35,95％CI=(0.13-2.56),P＞0.05].Acceptability is compared with placebo in the top three Chinese herbal medicine[OR=0.47,95％CI=(-0.72-1.66),P＞0.05],nortriptyline[OR=-0.08,95％CI=(-1.16-1.33),P＞0.05],venlafaxine[OR=-0.12,95％CI=(-1.47-1.24),P＞0.05].Conclusion Nortriptyline,venlafaxine,trazodone,and duloxetine are effective in treating PPD without obvious adverse drug reactions.

To effectively carry out community health education and prevention and control of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),we conducted a questionnaire survey on the awareness of COPD knowledge among residents aged 40 and above in Jiading District of Shanghai by using two-stage sampling method.We included 1 783 permanent residents in 4 districts and collected 1 666 valid questionnaires.The awareness rates of COPD name,pulmonary function test and related knowledge were 15.9%,11.9%and 17.2%,respectively.For the main symptoms of COPD,the awareness rate of sputum was the lowest(65.2%),of shortness of breath and dyspnea was the highest(78.4%).For the risk factors,the awareness rate of severe respiratory tract infection in childhood was the lowest(67.3%),of smoking was the highest(86.8%).Multiple response analysis showed that mobile phones and computers accounted for the highest proportion of acquiring knowledge of COPD(66.7%).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that low educational level,low monthly income,engaged in production and manufacturing,never or less exercise,no use of indoor air improvement measures,no wearing of masks in public places and no vaccination of influenza vaccine per year were associated with lower awareness rate of COPD.The community should improve the way and ability of health science popularization,and carry out health education for key groups.

Objective Summarize the clinical application and elevating the caudal end of suspension laryngoscope to deal with severe glottis exposure difficulties.Method A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 25 patients with severe dystotic glottic exposure(Cormack-Lehane grade Ⅲ or Ⅳ)who underwent laryngoscopy support surgery from January 2021 to January 2024,then analyze the intraoperative management and outcomes.Results In all the patients,after the angle of the suspension laryngoscope was adjusted to the maximum and the glottis could not be exposed satisfactorily,the caudal end of the suspension laryngoscope stent was lifted to obtain a larger tilt angle and field of view.After the caudal end of the stent was elevated by(11.50±6.31)cm,the glottis was exposed satisfactorily in 23 cases and the operation was performed successfully;In 2 cases,the laryngeal mask airway was used in conjunction with a fibrolaryngoscope and laryngeal forceps were used to extract the lesion step by step.Pharyngeal mucosal tearing and oozing of blood occurred in 24 cases,and the bleeding stopped after electrocoagulation;one case had loose and dislodged teeth.There were no significant changes in blood pressure and heart rate of patients before and after stent lifting(P＞0.05).Conclusion For the severe difficulty of glottis exposure during suspension laryngoscopic surgery,it can be dealt with by lifting the caudal end of the stent,which is a simple and effective method that does not cause serious complications and is worth clinical application.

Objective To explore the effect of 3D printing auxiliary stent on the operation of laryngeal microsurgery instrument.Methods Auxiliary stent of suspension laryngoscope was design and 3D printed.30 standardized training residents as experimental participants were randomly divided into conventional group and auxiliary stent group(15 in each group).The pig's larynx was used as a specimen,and the vocal folds were marked with localized staining.Participants performed operation on the stained areas of the vocal folds under suspension laryngoscope(60 times of grasping in 1 h).The conventional group performed operation unaided;The auxiliary stent group performed operation with the auxiliary stent as a support.Two senior chief physicians scored the participants'stability and accuracy.Results The operational stability scale score of the conventional group and the auxiliary stent group were(5.03±4.33)and(8.99±3.42),respectively;The operation accuracy rates were 58.4%(526/900)and 78.9%(710/900),respectively.The operation accuracy rate,operation stability of the auxiliary stent group were significantly higher than those in the conventional group,and the differences were significant(P<0.01).Conclusion The auxiliary stent can significantly improve the stability and accuracy of operation,which has highly application value.

Objective:To evaluate the impact of sutureless approach to the dorsal venous complex(DVC)combined with ro-botic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy on sexual function of patients with prostatic cancer.Methods:This study included 114 prostate cancer patients who underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy at our hospital from January 2021 to January 2024.The patients were randomly divided into a control group(n=57)and an observation group(n=57).The control group re-ceived conventional"figure-of-eight"suture ligation of the dorsal venous complex(DVC),while the observation group underwent di-rect DVC transection using monopolar electrocautery scissors after increasing pneumoperitoneum pressure.Surgical duration,intraopera-tive blood loss,positive surgical margin rates,and positive apical margin rates were recorded.The continence rates and rates of morn-ing erections at 1,3 and 6 months after the operation were compared between groups.Sexual function was assessed pre-operatively and at 6 months post-operation by using the IIEF-5 and PEDT.Results:The operative time in the observation group was significantly lon-ger than that in the control group([115.71±19.42]min vs[103.42±12.78]min,P＜0.05).While no significant differences were observed in intraoperative blood loss,positive surgical margin rate,or positive apical margin rate between the two groups(P＞0.05).At 3 and 6 months after the operation,the observation group exhibited higher urinary continence rates and morning erection re-covery rates compared to the control group(P＜0.05).Furthermore,at 6 months postoperatively,the observation group demonstrated significantly higher IIEF-5 scores and lower PEDT scores than those of control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The use of a suture-less DVC technique in robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy protects the post-operative sexual function in patients.