Pyroptosis,as a new programmed death mode,plays an important role in the development and progression of prostate cancer,and the drugs targeting the pyroptosis pathway,as a new therapeutic strategy,may produce a significant influence on the treat-ment of prostate cancer.However,the precise mechanism of cellular pyroptosis remains unclear,necessitating further investigation.This paper presents a summary of the role of cellular pyroptosis in prostate cancer over recent years.It includes a discussion of the mechanism of pyroptosis,its role in prostate cancer development,and its clinical applications.This will provide clinicians with a new strategy for treatment and drug development.

Objective To analyze the status of quality indicators(QI) on specimen acceptability and establish preliminary qual ity specification.Methods Web based External Quality Assessment system was used to collect data of laboratories partici pated in "Medical quality control indicators in clinical laboratory" from 2015 to 2017,including once in 2015 and 2017 and twice in 2016.Rate and sigma scales were used to evaluate incorrect sample type,incorrect sample container,incorrect fill level and anticoagulant sample clotted.The 25th percentile (P25) and 75th percentile (P75) of the distribution of each QI were employed to establish the high,medium and low specification.Results 5 346,7 593,5 950 and 6 874 laboratories sub mitted the survey results respectively.The P50 of biochemistry (except incorrect fill level),immunology and microbiology reach to 6σ.The P50 of clinical laboratory is 4 to 6σ except for incorrect sample container.There is no significant change of the continuous survey results.Based on results in 2017 to establish the quality specification,the P25 and P75 of the four QIs is 0 and 0.084 4 ％,0 and 0.047 6 ％,0 and 0.114 2 ％,0 and 0.078 4 ％,respectively.Conclusion According to the results of the survey,most laboratories had a faire performance in biochemistry,immunology and microbiology,and clinical laboratory needs to be strengthened.Laboratories should strengthen the laboratory information system construction to ensure the actual and reliable data collection,and make a long time monitoring to achieve a better quality.

The difficulty to eradicate the HIV-1, off-target effects together with the rapid emergence of multidrug-resistant strains have created an urgent need for more potent and less toxic therapies against other targets of HIV virus. From the point of view of medicinal chemistry, we summarizes and discusses current endeavours towards the discovery and development of novel inhibitors with various scaffolds or distinct mechanisms of action, and also provides examples illustrating new methodologies in medicinal chemistry that contribute to the identification of novel antiretroviral agents.

Objective To explore the value of the molecular probe USPIO-PEG-sLeX on nasopharyngeal carcinoma xenograft in nude mice.Methods The USPIO nanoparticles was synthesized by physical deposition method,and which was modified by PEG to synthesize USPIO-PEG-sLeX .The nude mice of nasopharyngeal carcinoma xenograft were divided into experimental and control groups.USPIO-PEG-sLeX and USPIO-PEG were injected into nude mice of experimental and control groups by caudal vein,respectively.MR T2 mapping imaging was scanned before and after the injection,and analyzed the changes of T2 values between experimental and control groups. Results USPIO-PEG-sLeX had a good representation.The non-enhanced T2 values between control and experimental group had no statistical significance (P >0.05).However,T2 values of the mice in two groups before and after injections were statistically significant (P <0.05);and T2 values of experimental group were much lower than that of the control group after the injection,additionally,the difference of enhanced rate between the two groups was statistically significant (P <0.05).Conclusion USPIO-PEG-sLeX magnetic nanoparticles is potential to be a targeted contrast agent to ELAM-1 expression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma,and can be valuable in non-invasive dynamic monitoring the expression of ELAM-1.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a methodology for determining indium in human whole blood,serum and urine by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry( ICP-MS). METHODS: The whole blood,serum and urine samples were diluted 10 times in 0. 01%( mass fraction) Triton X-100 plus 0. 50%( mass fraction) nitric acid solution,and the indium level was determined by ICP-MS. Rhodium standard solution was used as the internal standard control. RESULTS: The working curve obtained from measurement of whole blood,serum and urine of normal individuals was compared to the standard curve and showed no significant difference in quantitative analysis( P > 0. 05). The linearity range of indium concentration in whole blood,serum and urine was 0. 000-20. 000 μg / L,and all the correlation coefficients were greater than 0. 999 with a detection limit of 0. 144 μg / L. The recovery rates of whole blood,serum and urine were 87. 90%-95. 92%,91. 50%-94. 20% and 90. 40%-96. 57%,respectively. The relative standard deviations( RSDs) of within-run precision were 3. 81%-7. 05%,3. 75%-5. 90% and 4. 31%-6. 62%,respectively. The RSDs of between-run precision were 2. 90%-7. 10%,3. 80%-5. 92% and 4. 16%-5. 94%,respectively. Samples could be stored for at least 14 days under the temperature of- 20 ℃. The indium in whole blood,serum and urine of workers occupationally exposed to indium( exposure group,135 person-time) and control group workers( 120 person-time) were examined. Indium was detected for 17 person-time in whole blood and serum in the exposure group with a detection rate of 1. 26%. Indium was not detected in urine samples in exposure group. It was not detected in all samples in control group. CONCLUSION: This methodology has features of simple operation,high accuracy and good precision,which is suitable for the accurate quantitative analysis of indium in biological samples.

Objective To study the indication,feasibility and short-term efficacy of combined thoracoscopic and laparoscopic radical esophagectomy for the treatment of esophageal cancer.Methods Retrospective medical records analysis was conducted for 139 esophageal cancer patients who underwent combined thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy in our department from December 2009 to August 2011.The tumors were located in upper esophagus in 16 cases,middle esophagus in 107 cases,and lower esophagus in 16 cases.The surgery started with the thoracoscopic mobilization of thoracic esophagus and lymph nodes dissection,which were followed by the laparoscopic stomach mobilization and gastroesophageal anastomosis in left neck.Postoperative pathological staging identified stage Ⅰ esophageal cancer in 25 cases ( stage Ⅰ a:13 cases,stage Ⅰ b:12 cases),stage Ⅱ esophageal cancer in 71 cases,stage Ⅲ esophageal cancer in 31 cases ( stage Ⅲ a:16 cases,stage Ⅲ b:15 cases) and stage Ⅳ esophageal cancer in 12 cases.Results Except for open conversions in 4 cases (2.9％),all surgical operations were completed smoothly.Postoperative anastomotic leak was found in 6 cases(4.3％ ),chylothorax in 1 case(0.7％ ),arrhythmia in 4 cases(2.9％ ),and dumping syndrome in 1 case( 0.7％ ).All of these complicated cases fully recovered after conservative treatments.Postoperative lung infection was found 11 cases (7.9％),3 of whom required tracheotomy and assisted ventilation and 1 case died as a result of the infection (mortality rate:0.7％ ).Ten cases(7.2％ ) presented with hoarseness postoperatively.Out of the 139 cases,130 cases were successfully followed up with durations ranged from 1 to 20 months,during of time the esophageal cancer spread to liver in 2 cases,celiac lymph nodes in 4 cases,lung in 2 cases,and bone in 1 case.Ten cases died,and all remaining cases remained alive during the follow up.The one-year survival rate was 88.9％ for these cases.Conclusion Combined thoracoscopic and laparoscopic radical esophagectomy is a technically safe and feasible treatment for esophageal cancer.The short-term efficacy results are satisfactory.This technique is indicated not only for early and middle stage esophageal cancer,but also for some of the advanced esophageal cancer cases.

Cardiomyocytes can resist ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury through ischemic postconditioning (IPoC) which is repetitive ischemia induced during the onset of reperfusion. Myocardial ischemic preconditioning up-regulated protein 2 (MIP2) is a member of the WD-40 family proteins, we previously showed that MIP2 was up-regulated during ischemic preconditioning (IPC). As IPC and IPoC engaged similar molecular mechanisms in cardioprotection, this study aimed to elucidate whether MIP2 was up-regulated during IPoC and contributed to IPoC-mediated protection against I/R injury. The experiment was conducted on two models, an in vivo open chest rat coronary artery occlusion model and an in vitro model with H9c2 myogenic cells. In both models, 3 groups were constituted and randomly designated as the sham, I/R and IPoC/hypoxia postconditioning (HPoC) groups. In the IPoC group, after 45 min of ischemia, hearts were allowed three cycles of reperfusion/ischemia phases (each of 30 s duration) followed by reperfusion. In the HPoC group, after 6 h of hypoxia, H9c2 cells were subjected to three cycles of 10 minute reoxygenation and 10 minute hypoxia followed by reoxygenation. IPoC significantly reduced the infarct size, plasma level of Lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase MB in rats. 12 h after the reperfusion, MIP2 mRNA levels in the IPoC group were 10 folds that of the sham group and 1.4 folds that of the I/R group. Increased expression of MIP2 mRNA and attenuation of apoptosis were similarly observed in the HPoC group in the in vitro model. These effects were blunted by transfection with MIP2 siRNA in the H9c2 cells. This study demonstrated that IPoC induced protection was associated with increased expression of MIP2. Both MIP2 overexpression and MIP2 suppression can influence the IPoC induced protection.
Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Hypoxia/genetics/physiology ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival/genetics/physiology ; Flow Cytometry ; Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial/*methods ; Male ; Myocytes, Cardiac/*metabolism/*pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Reperfusion Injury/*metabolism/*prevention & control