ObjectiveTo analyze the infection status of main respiratory pathogens in influenza-like illness (ILI) cases in Anji County, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, and to provide a reference for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of respiratory infections. MethodsThroat swab samples were collected from 520 ILI cases in an influenza sentinel surveillance hospital in Anji County of Zhejiang Province from December 2023 to November 2024. Multiplex real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (mRT-PCR) was used to detect 18 pathogens and their subtypes, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza A virus (Flu A), influenza A (H1N1) virus, influenza A (H3N2) virus, influenza B virus (Flu B), influenza B virus Victoria lineage (BV), influenza B virus Yamagata lineage (BY), coronavirus (CoV), human parainfluenza virus (HPIV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), adenovirus (ADV), human bocavirus (HBoV), enterovirus (EV), rhinovirus (RV), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP), Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP), and Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP). ResultsThe overall positivity rate of pathogens in 520 samples was 33.65%, among which the detection rates of Flu (9.14%), ADV (7.50%), SARS-CoV-2 (6.15%), and EV (3.65%) were relatively high. There were statistically significant differences in the overall positivity rate of pathogens by age and season (all P<0.05). The highest overall positivity rate was observed in the 5‒14 years old group (42.77%), and the overall positivity rate in winter (53.08%) was significantly higher than that in other seasons. ConclusionFrom 2023 to 2024, the main respiratory pathogens detected in ILI cases in Anji County were Flu, ADV, SARS-CoV-2, and EV. The epidemic characteristics showed age and seasonal specificity, so it is necessary to strengthen prevention and control for high-risk populations and epidemic seasons in a targeted manner.

BACKGROUND:Novel biomaterials not only provide the necessary mechanical support but also promote cell proliferation and differentiation,inducing bone regeneration,thereby improving therapeutic outcomes and offering new perspectives and methods for the development of bone regenerative technologies.OBJECTIVE:To visualize the research status and development prospects of biomaterials in the field of bone regeneration through bibliometric methods.METHODS:A total of 500 of the most influential papers on bone regeneration and biomaterials were selected from the Web of Science Core Collection database from inception to September 24,2024.VOSviewer and CiteSpace tools were used for in-depth bibliometric visualization analysis to reveal the research trends and core literature in this field.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Among the selected 500 papers,China and the United States were in a leading position in terms of the number of published papers and citation rates,with ChangJiang being the most prolific author and the journal Acta Biomaterialia publishing the most articles.Bone regeneration and material science is an interdisciplinary research field,covering various disciplines including materials science,biomedical engineering,cell biology,and molecular biology.Research on bone repair materials is shifting from traditional bioinert materials to bioactive materials,which not only provide mechanical support but also promote cell proliferation and differentiation,inducing bone regeneration.Synthetic bone repair materials are gradually replacing traditional materials,becoming the preferred choice for clinical bone graft surgery due to their abundant sources,adjustable physicochemical properties,and lower risks of immune rejection and disease transmission.Researchers are continuously improving the biocompatibility,biomimetic properties,osteoconductivity,and osteoinductivity of these materials to make them closer to natural bone.The frontiers are mainly focused on bioactive ceramics,3D printing,hydrogels,chitosan,hydroxyapatite,and other materials.New materials play a vital role in the field of bone regeneration.With the continuous advancement of materials science and technology,the application prospects of these new materials in the field of bone regeneration are very broad,and they are expected to provide more effective and personalized treatment options for bone defect treatment.

BACKGROUND:Novel biomaterials not only provide the necessary mechanical support but also promote cell proliferation and differentiation,inducing bone regeneration,thereby improving therapeutic outcomes and offering new perspectives and methods for the development of bone regenerative technologies.OBJECTIVE:To visualize the research status and development prospects of biomaterials in the field of bone regeneration through bibliometric methods.METHODS:A total of 500 of the most influential papers on bone regeneration and biomaterials were selected from the Web of Science Core Collection database from inception to September 24,2024.VOSviewer and CiteSpace tools were used for in-depth bibliometric visualization analysis to reveal the research trends and core literature in this field.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Among the selected 500 papers,China and the United States were in a leading position in terms of the number of published papers and citation rates,with ChangJiang being the most prolific author and the journal Acta Biomaterialia publishing the most articles.Bone regeneration and material science is an interdisciplinary research field,covering various disciplines including materials science,biomedical engineering,cell biology,and molecular biology.Research on bone repair materials is shifting from traditional bioinert materials to bioactive materials,which not only provide mechanical support but also promote cell proliferation and differentiation,inducing bone regeneration.Synthetic bone repair materials are gradually replacing traditional materials,becoming the preferred choice for clinical bone graft surgery due to their abundant sources,adjustable physicochemical properties,and lower risks of immune rejection and disease transmission.Researchers are continuously improving the biocompatibility,biomimetic properties,osteoconductivity,and osteoinductivity of these materials to make them closer to natural bone.The frontiers are mainly focused on bioactive ceramics,3D printing,hydrogels,chitosan,hydroxyapatite,and other materials.New materials play a vital role in the field of bone regeneration.With the continuous advancement of materials science and technology,the application prospects of these new materials in the field of bone regeneration are very broad,and they are expected to provide more effective and personalized treatment options for bone defect treatment.

BACKGROUND:The reasonable implantation range of femoral prosthesis in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty in patients with osteoporosis has not been investigated,and previous studies have often been based on unicompartmental knee arthroplasty models in normal bone,with fewer mechanical studies in models with non-normal bone.Complications after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty have been shown to be highly associated with osteoporosis. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the biomechanical effects of the coronal inclination of the Sled fixed platform femoral prosthesis on unicompartmental knee arthroplasty in patients with osteoporosis and to find the correlation between osteoporosis and mid-and long-term complications after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. METHODS:Based on the digital imaging technology to obtain the data of the knee joint and prosthesis,a normal bone knee model is then created by using specialized software such as Mimics and Geomagic studio.Based on a validated normal bone knee model,an osteoporotic knee model was created by changing the material parameters.Totally 14 unicompartmental knee arthroplasty finite element models were created using Sled fixed platform femoral prosthesis:standard position(0°),varus and valgus angles:3°,6°,9° in the normal bone and osteoporosis groups.Stress changes on the surface of polyethylene liner,cancellous bone under tibial prosthesis,and cortical bone were calculated and analyzed in all unicompartmental knee arthroplasty models. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)In the osteoporotic models,the high stress values of the polyethylene liner surface and the cancellous bone under the tibial prosthesis increased with the increase of the tilt angle of the femoral prosthesis,and the high stress values of the cortical bone surface under the tibial prosthesis increased with the increase of the prosthesis valgus angles and decreased with the increase of the varus angles.(2)For the polyethylene liner surface as well as the subcortical bone surface of the tibial prosthesis,the high stress values of the models for each inclination angle in the osteoporosis group were greater than those of the corresponding models in the normal bone group.For the surface of the cancellous bone under the tibial prosthesis,the high stress values of the tilt angle models of the osteoporosis groups were smaller than those of the normal bone groups.(3)Osteoporosis may cause biomechanical abnormalities in the internal structures of the knee after unicondylar replacement,increasing the potential risk of postoperative aseptic loosening of the prosthesis and periprosthetic fractures.Varus and valgus of the femoral prosthesis in the coronal plane should be avoided as much as possible when performing medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty with a Sled fixation platform in osteoporotic knees.

BACKGROUND:Neuregulin 1 has been shown to be characterized in cell proliferation,differentiation,and vascular growth.Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells are important seed cells in the field of tissue engineering,and have been shown to be involved in tissue repair and regeneration. OBJECTIVE:To construct human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing neuregulin 1 and investigate their proliferation and migration abilities,as well as their effects on wound healing. METHODS:(1)Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells were in vitro isolated and cultured and identified.(2)A lentivirus overexpressing neuregulin 1 was constructed.Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells were divided into empty group,neuregulin 1 group,and control group,and transfected with empty lentivirus and lentivirus overexpressing neuregulin 1,or not transfected,respectively.(3)Edu assay was used to detect the proliferation ability of the cells of each group,and Transwell assay was used to detect the migration ability of the cells.(4)The C57 BL/6 mouse trauma models were constructed and randomly divided into control group,empty group,neuregulin 1 group,with 8 mice in each group.Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells transfected with empty lentivirus or lentivirus overexpressing neuregulin-1 were uniformly injected with 1 mL at multiple local wound sites.The control group was injected with an equal amount of saline.(5)The healing of the trauma was observed at 1,7,and 14 days after model establishment.Histological changes of the healing of the trauma were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining.The expression of CD31 on the trauma was observed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing neuregulin-1 were successfully constructed.The mRNA and protein expression of intracellular neuregulin 1 was significantly up-regulated compared with the empty group(P<0.05).(2)The overexpression of neuregulin 1 promoted the migratory ability(P<0.01)and proliferative ability of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells(P<0.05).(3)Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing neuregulin 1 promoted wound healing in mice(P<0.05)and wound angiogenesis(P<0.05).The results showed that overexpression of neuregulin 1 resulted in an increase in the proliferative and migratory capacities of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells,significantly promoting wound healing and angiogenesis.

BACKGROUND:Chronic myofascial trigger points can identify differential metabolite changes through non targeted metabolomics techniques,helping to understand and further explore the pathophysiological processes and pathogenesis of chronic myofascial trigger points from the perspective of endogenous small molecule metabolites. OBJECTIVE:To investigate potential biomarkers and related metabolic pathways based on urine metabolomics in the rat model of chronic myofascial trigger points. METHODS:Sixteen Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a model group and a normal group.The model group was used to establish a chronic myofascial trigger point animal model by combining blunt hitting with centrifugal exercise(treadmill slope:-16°,running speed:16 m/min,training time:90 minutes each),once a week for 8 continuous weeks,with 4 weeks off.After 12 weeks of modeling,the metabolic cage method was used to collect urine from rats at 24 hours after modeling.Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry non-targeted metabolomics technology was used to detect metabolic profiles in the urine samples,screen common differential metabolites,and conduct bioinformatics analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the normal group,there were 32 differential metabolic markers in the model group,of which 21 were upregulated and 11 were downregulated.A total of 14 differential metabolites were identified as potential biomarkers based on the value of variable important in projection greater than 3.The enrichment analysis of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes indicated that the formation of chronic myofascial trigger points is closely related to metabolic pathways such as primary bile acid biosynthesis and arachidonic acid metabolism.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) in Liaoning Province, analyze its disease progression, and provide a scientific basis for timely adjustment in prevention and control strategies and work priorities.Methods:From March 2019 to October 2024, a cross-sectional study was conducted in five KBD endemic townships in Liaoning Province. The monitoring was conducted on a village by village basis, including the name of the administrative village, the name of the natural village (township), the number of permanent households (residing for ≥6 months), the number of permanent residents, the number of permanent residents aged 7 to 12, the management and treatment of adult patients, the implementation of prevention and control measures, and the implementation of child nutrition improvement programs (grain replacement). Anteroposterior X-rays of both hands were taken for children with abnormal signs or suspected KBD. Cases were confirmed as KBD if both clinical examination and X-ray review were positive. Five-year KBD surveillance data were analyzed, including the numbers of clinically positive and X-ray positive cases at each monitoring site, with positive detection rates calculated to macroscopically analyze the dynamic changes in KBD status.Results:From 2019 to 2024, a total of 180 103 children aged 7 - 12 years old were monitored in KBD endemic villages in Liaoning Province. Among them, 321 children showed abnormal clinical signs, but hand X-rays revealed no positive changes indicative of KBD. The annual positive detection rate for KBD was 0 throughout the study period. In 2024, in 1 500 endemic natural villages (hamlets) in Liaoning Province, 39 205 acres of farmland were converted to economic crops (1.96% of original farmland), and 16 520 acres were returned to forest or grassland (1.74% of original farmland). There were 534 KBD patients, with a prevalence rate of 6.7/10 000. All patients had completed patient information management, follow-up evaluation, achieving a 100% management rate. Four hundred thirty-five patients with Kashin Beck disease were planned for treatment, but, 476 patients were actually treated with medication, resulting in a planned treatment completion rate of 109.43% and a patient treatment rate of 89.14%.Conclusion:From 2019 to 2024, Liaoning Province has achieved the goal of eliminating KBD and maintained sustained elimination status.

Objective:To compare the effects of regional nerve block and general anaesthesia in elderly patients undergoing traumatic lower limb fracture surgery.Methods:A total of 100 patients over 60 years old with traumatic lower extremity fracture who received surgical treatment in Yan′an People′s Hospital from October 2021 to October 2023 were prospectively selected as the study objects and divided into two groups with 50 cases in each group by random number table method. The control group was given general anesthesia, and the observation group was given regional nerve block. Both groups were given patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) after surgery. Perioperative hemodynamic indexes, surgical conditions, postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) score, analgesia recovery rate and stress response indexes before and after surgery were compared between the two groups, and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.Results:The mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) at the beginning of 5 min (T 1) and at the end of the operation (T 2) were decreased compared with the time point before entry (T 0), and there were no statistical differences of MAP, HR at 30 min after the operation (T 3) between the two groups ( P>0.05). The MAP and HR at T 1 and T 2 time points in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). The amount of infusion in the observation group was lower than that in the control group: (443.63 ± 31.47) ml vs. (645.25 ± 45.85) ml, there was statistical difference ( P<0.01). There were no statistical differences in operation time and postoperative hospital stay between the two groups ( P>0.05). The VAS scores in the observation group at 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after surgery were lower than those in the control group: (3.21 ± 0.61) scores vs. (3.89 ± 0.74) scores, (3.45 ± 0.67) scores vs. (4.12 ± 0.78) scores, (2.57 ± 0.47) scores vs. (3.04 ± 0.64) scores, (1.96 ± 0.34) scores vs. (2.34 ± 0.45) scores; and the analgesic relief rate was lower than that in the control group: 8.00%(4/50) vs. 24.00%(12/50), there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). The levels of cortisol (Cor), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and β-endorpeptide (β-EP) at 24 h postoperative in the observation group were lower than those in the control group: (134.74 ± 28.94) ng/L vs. (158.52 ± 35.63) ng/L, (102.53 ± 15.41) μg/L vs. (128.95 ± 18.74) μg/L, (47.54 ± 5.72) ng/L vs. (59.74 ± 6.98) ng/L, (38.74 ± 4.17) μg/L vs. (45.75 ± 5.12) μg/L, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in complication rate between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Regional nerve block can stabilize the intraoperative hemodynamics, reduce the stress response of the body and have a good analgesic effect in the operation of lower extremity fracture in the elderly.

Objective:To build a position competency model for standard residency training teachers tailored to the specific conditions in China.Methods:Delphi method was used to construct the post competency framework for standard residency training teachers. The analytic hierarchy process was used to calculate the weights of indicators. The position competency model for standard residency training teachers was designed based on the concept of onion model. A statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 17.0.Results:Twenty-one experts participated in two rounds of Delphi consultations, resulting in the preliminary development of a position competency model for standard residency training teachers. The position competency model included three layers, with one first-level indicator (value and professionalism) in the core literacy layer, three first-level indicators (thinking and psychology, communication and cooperation, and continuous learning and career development) in the core competence layer, and four first-level indicators (clinical diagnosis and treatment, teaching guidance, scientific research and academic activity, and organization and management) in the core skill layer. There were 45 second-level indicators in these eight first-level indicators. The weights of 45 second-level indicators were also calculated.Conclusions:A position competency model of standard residency training teachers was built, including three layers of indicators and their weights. This model provides a reference for the training and evaluation of standard residency training teachers in China.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of preoperative ultrasound in combination with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),calcitonin(Ctn),and carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)for cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma.Methods A total of 103 patients diagnosed with papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)who were admitted to the hospital between October 2021 and October 2024 were selected as the case group.Among them,34 patients with cervical lymph node metastasis confirmed by surgical and pathological examination were assigned to the metastatic group,and 69 patients without cervical lymph node metas-tasis were assigned to the non-metastatic group.Additionally,103 patients with benign thyroid nodules admitted during the same period were enrolled as the control group.Clinical data,ultrasonographic features,and serum levels of NLR,Ctn,and CEA were compared between the metastatic and non-metastatic groups.The predictive value of ultrasonographic features and the combined detection of NLR,Ctn,and CEA levels for cervical lymph node metastasis in PTC was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis.Results Compared to the control group,the case group exhibited a higher proportion of patients with microcalcification and grade 3 blood flow,as well as elevated levels of NLR,Ctn,and CEA(P<0.05).Similarly,compared to the non-metastatic group,the metastatic group showed a higher proportion of patients with microcalcification and grade 3 blood flow,along with increased levels of NLR,Ctn,and CEA(P<0.05).The metastatic group tested positive,whereas the non-metastatic group tested negative.The area under the curve(AUC)for ultrasound features(micro-calcification,blood flow classification)combined with NLR,Ctn,and CEA levels in diagnosing cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma was higher than that of individual indicators(P<0.05).Conclusions Preoperative ultrasound combined with the assessment of NLR,Ctn,and CEA levels demonstrates significant predictive value for cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma.