1.Conceptualizing a Personalized Care Pathway for Parkinson’s Disease Using Wearable Sensors in Muslim Patients: The Ramadan Regime
Vinod METTA ; Huzaifa IBRAHIM ; Haidar DAFSARI ; Rajinder K. DHAMIJA ; Hani T. S. BENAMER ; Tom LONEY ; Mishal Abu AL-MELH ; Hasna HUSSAIN ; Afsal NALAREKTTIL ; Guy CHUNG-FAYE ; Gloria TANJUNG ; Bushra ALBLOOSHI ; Shaikha ALMAZROUEI ; Bassam DARWISH ; Mohamed Al MHEIRI ; Mohamed ELMAHDY ; Rukmini MRIDULA ; Sai Sampath KUMAR ; Vinay GOYAL ; Karolina POPŁAWSKA-DOMASZEWICZ ; Cristian Falup PECURARIU ; Prashanth KUKLE ; Jacob CHACKO ; Rupam BORGOHAIN ; Kallol Ray CHAUDHURI
Journal of Movement Disorders 2026;19(1):39-48
Objective:
Parkinson’s disease (PD) affects approximately 2% of individuals over the age of 60. With more than two billion Muslims observing Ramadan, individuals with PD encounter specific challenges, such as deteriorating motor skills, sleep disturbances, and an increased risk of falls during fasting.
Methods:
Our study focused on 75 patients with idiopathic PD divided into two groups: the Ramadan Regime group, which consisted of 50 patients whose medication was adjusted to twice daily at Suhoor and Iftar, and the Nontreatment group, which included 25 patients who abstained from medication for religious reasons. Both groups were instructed to wear a Parkinson’s KinetiGraph (PKG) wrist device.
Results:
The study findings revealed that motor function worsened in the Nontreatment group (p<0.001) but improved in the Ramadan Regime group (p=0.007). Daytime sleepiness also significantly increased in the Nontreatment group (p<0.001).
Conclusion
Overall, the findings suggest that the Ramadan regime significantly enhances patient health and quality of life.
2.Non-Motor Fluctuations in Parkinson’s Disease: Underdiagnosed Yet Important
Iro BOURA ; Karolina POPLAWSKA-DOMASZEWICZ ; Cleanthe SPANAKI ; Rosabel CHEN ; Daniele URSO ; Riaan van COLLER ; Alexander STORCH ; Kallol Ray CHAUDHURI
Journal of Movement Disorders 2025;18(1):1-16
Non-motor fluctuations (NMFs) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) significantly affect patients’ well-being. Despite being identified over two decades ago, NMFs remain largely underrecognized, undertreated, and poorly understood. While they are often temporally associated with motor fluctuations (MFs) and can share common risk factors and pathophysiologic mechanisms, NMFs and MFs are currently considered distinct entities. The prevalence and severity of NMFs, often categorized into neuropsychiatric, sensory, and autonomic subtypes, vary significantly across studies due to the heterogeneous PD populations screened and the diverse evaluation tools applied. The consistent negative impact of NMFs on PD patients’ quality of life underscores the importance of further investigations via focused and controlled studies, validated assessment instruments and novel digital technologies. High-quality research is essential to illuminate the complex pathophysiology and clinical nuances of NMFs, ultimately enhancing clinicians’ diagnostic and treatment options in routine clinical practice.
3.Non-Motor Fluctuations in Parkinson’s Disease: Underdiagnosed Yet Important
Iro BOURA ; Karolina POPLAWSKA-DOMASZEWICZ ; Cleanthe SPANAKI ; Rosabel CHEN ; Daniele URSO ; Riaan van COLLER ; Alexander STORCH ; Kallol Ray CHAUDHURI
Journal of Movement Disorders 2025;18(1):1-16
Non-motor fluctuations (NMFs) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) significantly affect patients’ well-being. Despite being identified over two decades ago, NMFs remain largely underrecognized, undertreated, and poorly understood. While they are often temporally associated with motor fluctuations (MFs) and can share common risk factors and pathophysiologic mechanisms, NMFs and MFs are currently considered distinct entities. The prevalence and severity of NMFs, often categorized into neuropsychiatric, sensory, and autonomic subtypes, vary significantly across studies due to the heterogeneous PD populations screened and the diverse evaluation tools applied. The consistent negative impact of NMFs on PD patients’ quality of life underscores the importance of further investigations via focused and controlled studies, validated assessment instruments and novel digital technologies. High-quality research is essential to illuminate the complex pathophysiology and clinical nuances of NMFs, ultimately enhancing clinicians’ diagnostic and treatment options in routine clinical practice.
4.Non-Motor Fluctuations in Parkinson’s Disease: Underdiagnosed Yet Important
Iro BOURA ; Karolina POPLAWSKA-DOMASZEWICZ ; Cleanthe SPANAKI ; Rosabel CHEN ; Daniele URSO ; Riaan van COLLER ; Alexander STORCH ; Kallol Ray CHAUDHURI
Journal of Movement Disorders 2025;18(1):1-16
Non-motor fluctuations (NMFs) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) significantly affect patients’ well-being. Despite being identified over two decades ago, NMFs remain largely underrecognized, undertreated, and poorly understood. While they are often temporally associated with motor fluctuations (MFs) and can share common risk factors and pathophysiologic mechanisms, NMFs and MFs are currently considered distinct entities. The prevalence and severity of NMFs, often categorized into neuropsychiatric, sensory, and autonomic subtypes, vary significantly across studies due to the heterogeneous PD populations screened and the diverse evaluation tools applied. The consistent negative impact of NMFs on PD patients’ quality of life underscores the importance of further investigations via focused and controlled studies, validated assessment instruments and novel digital technologies. High-quality research is essential to illuminate the complex pathophysiology and clinical nuances of NMFs, ultimately enhancing clinicians’ diagnostic and treatment options in routine clinical practice.

Result Analysis
Print
Save
E-mail