Anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 protein (LGI1) antibody-associated encephalitis is an autoimmune encephalitis mediated by LGI1 antibodies, which can occur in both adults and children. Its common clinical manifestations include epileptic seizures, cognitive and psychiatric disorders; rare symptoms include sleep disorders and autonomic disorders; and its characteristic manifestations are faciobrachial dystonic seizures and refractory hyponatremia. Since anti-LGI1 antibody-associated encephalitis is relatively rare in clinical practice, this article reviews the disease in terms of etiology and pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, auxiliary examinations, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, treatment, recurrence and prognosis. It aims to improve clinicians′ understanding of this disease, provide references for its early diagnosis and treatment, and thereby improve patients′ prognosis.

ObjectiveTo investigate a suspected outbreak of healthcare-associated infection with carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) in a geriatric emergency ward, and to provide references for the prevention and control of multidrug-resistant bacteria in a hospital in Shanghai. MethodsOn-site epidemiological investigation, combined with environmental hygiene monitoring and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) molecular typing method, were adopted to investigate a suspected outbreak of CRKP infection in the geriatric emergency ward of a hospital from October to November 2022, aiming at finding out factors caused the outbreak before taking corresponding control measures. ResultsA total of 3 cases of healthcare-associated CRKP infection were identified, of which 2 cases were homologous to a previous case of community-associated CRKP infection. What’s more, the 2 cases lived in the same ward with the latter and with adjacent beds, but the third case was non-homologous to the community-associated infection case. A total of 46 samples were collected from the environmental surfaces and the hands of healthcare workers, of which 7 samples tested positive for CRKP and were identical to the strains from the 2 healthcare-associated infection cases and the 1 community-associated infection case, originating from the bedrails, bedside tables, surface of non-invasive ventilator, bed curtains and panels of monitoring equipment, with a detection rate of 15.22%. But none of the 11 samples from the hands of healthcare workers tested positive for CRKP. The outbreak was effectively controlled after taking specific prevention and control measures such as strengthening personnel management, intensifying environmental cleaning and disinfection and strictly enforcing hand hygiene among healthcare workers. Subsequently, no similar new cases were reported during the 14-day follow-up period. ConclusionIncomplete environmental cleaning and disinfection, as well as inadequate enforcement of hand hygiene among heatheare workers may have contributed to the suspected outbreak of CRKP in the geriatric emergency ward. Early warning and timely investigation of suspected outbreaks of multidrug-resistant bacteria are crucial for preventing and controlling such outbreaks in hospitals.

Meat food is an important part of people's dietary supplements,but in recent years,meat adulteration cases are hidden and frequent,which seriously affects people's health and destroys the fairness of the market.Based on this,this paper analyses the development trend of meat adulteration and the current meat adulteration detection technology is summarized,combed in detail the use of the most widely used real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technology application of the status quo and challenges to help real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technology testing in meat adulteration evidence testing to the direction of more high detection efficiency and higher accuracy development.

Meat food is an important part of people's dietary supplements,but in recent years,meat adulteration cases are hidden and frequent,which seriously affects people's health and destroys the fairness of the market.Based on this,this paper analyses the development trend of meat adulteration and the current meat adulteration detection technology is summarized,combed in detail the use of the most widely used real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technology application of the status quo and challenges to help real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technology testing in meat adulteration evidence testing to the direction of more high detection efficiency and higher accuracy development.

Anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 protein (LGI1) antibody-associated encephalitis is an autoimmune encephalitis mediated by LGI1 antibodies, which can occur in both adults and children. Its common clinical manifestations include epileptic seizures, cognitive and psychiatric disorders; rare symptoms include sleep disorders and autonomic disorders; and its characteristic manifestations are faciobrachial dystonic seizures and refractory hyponatremia. Since anti-LGI1 antibody-associated encephalitis is relatively rare in clinical practice, this article reviews the disease in terms of etiology and pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, auxiliary examinations, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, treatment, recurrence and prognosis. It aims to improve clinicians′ understanding of this disease, provide references for its early diagnosis and treatment, and thereby improve patients′ prognosis.

With the acceleration of population aging in China, the issue of population aging is becoming increasingly severe.The investigation of the pathogenesis of aging-related diseases has become a focal point in the field of modern geriatrics.Iron is an essential trace element in the human body and plays a crucial role in maintaining normal physiological functions.Numerous studies have demonstrated the association between the disruption of iron metabolism and the occurrence and progression of various aging-related diseases.This review aims to briefly summarize the potential mechanisms of iron metabolism disorders in common aging-related diseases, and provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of such diseases.

Objective:To investigate the value of nomograms based on clinical parameters, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and MRI-derived radiomics in predicting survival of patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).Methods:Clinical data of 423 patients with IB-IVA cervical cancer treated with CCRT at Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University from March 2014 to March 2020 were retrospectively analyzed and randomly divided into the training and validation groups at a ratio of 2∶1 using the simple randomization method. The values of ADC min, ADC mean, ADC max and 3D texture parameters of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), T 2WI, T 2WI-fat suppression of pre-treatment primary lesions in all patients were measured. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm and logistic regression analysis were used to screen the texture features and calculate radiomics score (Rad-score). Cox regression analysis was employed to construct nomogram models for predicting overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CS) of patients with LACC after CCRT, which were subject to internal and external validation. Results:Squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag), external beam radiotherapy dose, ADCmin and Rad-score were the independent prognostic factors for OS and CS of LACC patients after CCRT and constituted predictive models for OS and CS. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of two models in predicting 1-year, 3-year, 5-year OS and CS was 0.906, 0.917, 0.916 and 0.911, 0.918, 0.920, with internally validated consistency indexes (C-indexes) of 0.897 and 0.900. Then, models were brought into the validation group for external validation with AUC of 0.986, 0.942, 0.932 and 0.986, 0.933, 0.926 in predicting 1-year, 3-year, 5-year OS and CS.Conclusion:The nomograms based on clinical parameters, ADC values and MRI-derived radiomics are of high clinical value in predicting OS and CS of patients with LACC after CCRT, which can be used as prognostic markers for patients with cervical cancer to certain extent.

Objective:To evaluate the role of exosomes in M2 microglia-induced reduction of oxygen-glucose deprivation and restoration (OGD/R) injury to astrocytes.Methods:The primary astrocytes were cultured in vitro to the logarithmic growth phase and divided into 5 groups ( n=14 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), OGD/R group (group O), OGD/R+ M2 microglia group (O+ M2 group), OGD/R+ M2 microglia+ GW4869 group (O+ M2+ G group) and OGD/R+ M2 microglia-derived exosome group (O+ M2-E group). Cells in group C were cultured routinely.Cells in group O were subjected to 4 h of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) and 24 h of restoration of O 2-glucose supply.In group O+ M2, cells were subjected to 4 h of OGD, and the supernatant of M2 microglia 2 ml was added to the medium during restoration of O 2-glucose supply, and the cells were cultured for 24 h. In group O+ M2+ G, cells were subjected to 4 h of OGD, and the supernatant of M2 microglia 2 ml treated with the exosome inhibitor GW4869 10 μmol/L was added to the medium during restoration of O 2-glucose supply, and the cells were cultured for 24 h. In group O+ M2-E, cells were subjected to 4 h of OGD, and the M2 microglia-derived exosome 10 μg/ml was added to the medium during restoration of O 2-glucose supply, and the cells were cultured for 24 h. The morphological changes of cells were observed with a light microscope, the cell viability was detected by CCK-8 assay, the expression of aquaporin 4 (AQP4) mRNA was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and the expression of AQP4 and porimin was detected by Western blot. Results:Compared with group C, the cell viability was significantly decreased, the expression of AQP4 protein and mRNA and porimin was up-regulated ( P<0.05), and cell swelling occurred in the other four groups.Compared with group O, the cell viability was significantly increased, and the expression of AQP4 protein and mRNA and porimin was down-regulated in O+ M2 and O+ M2-E groups ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above ( P>0.05), and the cell viability was significantly attenuated in group O+ M2+ G.Compared with group O+ M2, the cell viability was significantly decreased, and the expression of AQP4 protein and mRNA and porimin was up-regulated in group O+ M2+ G ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above ( P>0.05), and the degree of cell swelling was increased in group O+ M2-E. Conclusions:M2 microglia can mitigate OGD/R injury to astrocytes through exosomes.

Objective:To investigate the value of nomogram based on intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) and MRI-derived radiomics for predicting recurrence after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC).Methods:Clinical data of 111 patients with ⅠB-ⅣA cervical cancer who underwent CCRT at Anhui Provincial Hospital from December 2014 to December 2019 and were continuously followed up were retrospectively analyzed. Pre-treatment IVIM-DWI parameters (ADC, D, D * and f) and pre- and post-treatment 3D texture parameters (from axial T 2WI) of the primary lesions were measured. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to filter texture features and calculate radiomics score (Rad-score). A Cox regression model was used to analyze independent risk factors for recurrence after CCRT in patients with LACC and construct a nomogram. Results:External beam radiotherapy dose, f value , pre-treatment Rad-score and post-treatment Rad-score ( HR=0.204, 3.253, 2.544, 7.576) were the independent prognostic factors for recurrence after CCRT in cervical cancer patients and jointly formed the nomogram. The area under curve (AUC) of the nomogram for predicting 1-, 3- and 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) was 0.895, 0.888 and 0.916, with internal validation C-indexes of 0.859, 0.903 and 0.867, respectively. The decision curves analysis showed that the nomogram has a higher net clinical benefit compared to other models, and the clinical impact curves further visualized its predictive accuracy. Conclusions:The nomogam based on IVIM-DWI and radiomics has high clinical value in predicting recurrence after CCRT in patients with LACC, providing reference for prognostic assessment and individualized treatment of cervical cancer patients.