Acute urinary retention(AUR)occurs frequently among astronauts on orbit.The current treatment is complex and easy to damage the urethra,which seriously affects the life and work of astronauts.In contrast,acupuncture,a traditional Chinese remedy,has shown promising results in managing urinary retention.However,the specific acupoints that could potentially prevent AUR remain uncertain due to the unique physiological conditions experienced by individuals in space compared to those on Earth.To address this gap,our research delved into the mechanisms of AUR and acupuncture within both traditional Chinese medicine and modern medical practices.We conducted a thorough literature review from Pubmed,Web of Science,CNKI,Wanfang database,VIP database and Chinese Medical Code database.A hierarchical evidence-scoring approach was utilized to analyze the included literatures,thus devised acupuncture protocols for the treatment of AUR.The outcomes of our study aim to establish a foundation for the application of acupuncture in managing AUR.

Under the influence of long-term space flights and the confined space environment,it is very easy to induce space depression syndrome,mainly manifested as decreased emotional stability,sleep disorders,mental fatigue,etc.,which seriously affect the living conditions and working abilities of astronauts.The current treatment methods mainly focus on psychological support and drug intervention.Acupuncture has a good effect in treating depression.Therefore,starting from the TCM pathogenesis and modern medical pathogenesis of aerospace depression syndrome,we conducted literature retrieval from databases such as the Chinese Medical Classic,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang,VIP,PubMed,and Web of science.For the included literature,we adopted the stratified evidence scoring method and combined the TCM mechanism and modern medical mechanism of the effect of acupuncture.A prescription for acupuncture points was constructed to provide a basis for selecting acupuncture points for the prevention of aerospace depression syndrome through acupuncture.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy on the perioperative renal function in patients undergoing radical resection for esophageal cancer.Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study. Clinical data from patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy for esophageal cancer in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital and Tianjin University Chest Hospital from January 2020 to April 2022 were retrospectively collected. According to the preoperative treatment regimen, the patients were divided into neoadjuvant chemotherapy group (group nCT) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy group (group nCT+ IT). nCT group underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy, which included a platinum-based regimen combined with fluorouracil or taxanes. In nCIT+ IT group, programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitors were used for immunotherapy based on neoadjuvant chemotherapy. All the patients underwent 2-3 cycles of therapy, with each cycle lasting 21 days. Surgery was performed 4-6 weeks after the completion of the last therapy. The concentrations of serum creatinine, uric acid and blood urea nitrogen were detected before therapy, at 72 h before surgery and at 72 h after surgery. The acute kidney injury (AKI) diagnosed by the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria at 72 h before surgery and 72 h after surgery were recorded. The pathological complete response rates, recurrence rate and disease-free survival time after surgery were collected.Results:Compared with group nCT, the serum urea concentration was significantly increased after treatment, the serum uric acid concentrations were increased at 72 h before surgery and 72 h after surgery, the pathological complete response rate was increased, the recurrence rate was decreased, the disease-free survival time was prolonged ( P<0.05), and no statistically significant changes were found in the incidence of AKI at 72 h before surgery and 72 h after surgery in group nCT+ IT ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Although neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy can raise the pathological complete response rate and disease-free survival rate, it has a certain effect on renal function. Perioperative renal function testing should be strengthened to prevent the occurrence of AKI in the patients undergoing radical resection for esophageal cancer.

Astronauts are affected by the space environment,and there are health problems in many systems of the body,which seriously affect the on-orbit work efficiency and the health recovery after landing.Although measures have been taken,there are still deficiencies.Acupuncture can regulate the body in a multi-target,multi-level and multi-system way to protect the health of astronauts,which is an effective measure to protect the health problems of astronauts.But there is no acupoint group database for aerospace medical problems,which limits the application of acupuncture in space.The aim of this paper is to solve the possible aerospace medical problems of astronauts by acupuncture.Firstly,the acupuncture indications in aerospace medicine are determined through literature research,expert consultation and expert consensus,and then the evidence collection,evidence evaluation and evidence aggregation are carried out through the"stratified evidence evaluation method"for ancient literature,modern literature and expert experience.Finally,acupoint prescriptions were recommended based on the comprehensive score of acupoints,and acupuncture prescriptions for all acupuncture indications in aerospace medicine were integrated to form an acupoint group database,so as to contribute more Chinese wisdom and solutions to solve aerospace medicine problems.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the effect of hydrocortisone combined with vitamin C and vitamin B1 on the efficacy of patients with sepsis or septic shock.Methods:Databases including CNKI, Sino Med, VIP, Wanfang, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase were searched from inception to January 2021 for the randomized controlled trial (RCT) about hydrocortisone combined with vitamin C and vitamin B1 to treat sepsis or septic shock. The experimental group was given intravenous injection of hydrocortisone, vitamin B1 and vitamin C based on conventional treatment; the control group was given conventional treatment or placebo/hydrocortisone/hydrocortisone+vitamin B1 based on conventional treatment. Outcome indicators included sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA), mortality, the duration of vasoactive drugs, new acute kidney injury (AKI) patients, length of stay in intensive care unit (ICU) and in hospital. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias in the included studies. RevMan 5.3 software was then used to perform Meta-analysis. Funnel plot was used to test publication bias.Results:A total of 6 articles involving 816 patients were included, with 411 patients in the experimental group and 405 patients in the control group. The Meta-analysis results showed that the duration of vasoactive drugs in the experimental group was significantly shorter than that in the control group [mean difference ( MD) = -24.02, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was -32.36 to -15.68, P < 0.000 01]. However, there were no significant differences in SOFA, mortality, new AKI patients, the length of ICU stay and hospital stay between the two groups [SOFA: MD = -0.14, 95% CI was -1.15 to 0.87, P = 0.79; mortality: relative risk ( RR) = 0.99, 95% CI was 0.81 to 1.21, P = 0.92; new AKI patients: RR = 1.10, 95% CI was 0.42 to 2.87, P = 0.84; length of ICU stay: MD = 1.33, 95% CI was -2.22 to 4.89, P = 0.46; length of hospital stay: MD = 1.02, 95% CI was -0.66 to 2.69, P = 0.23]. The funnel plot showed that most of the points were symmetrical and showed an inverted funnel shape, suggesting that the publication bias among the studies was small. There was no significant publication bias on this Meta-analysis. Conclusions:Hydrocortisone combined with vitamin C and vitamin B1 can shorten the duration of vasoactive drugs in patients with sepsis or septic shock, but it cannot effectively reduce the SOFA score, mortality, new AKI patients, length of stay in ICU and in hospital. Limited by the number and quality of the included studies, further large-scale, multi-center, blinded, RCT are still needed for verification.

Due to the influence of immunosuppression, nerve injury and other comprehensive factors, the overall incidence of gastrointestinal complications after lung transplantation is relatively high, which can cause drug absorption disorder and chronic rejection. In recent years, more and more studies have been conducted on these complications. However, due to the great difference of the incidence of gastrointestinal complications among lung transplantation centers, clinicians lack of understanding of these. In this article, the general status, common types and risk factors of gastrointestinal complications after lung transplantation were reviewed, aiming to provide reference for comprehensive management of gastrointestinal complications after lung transplantation.

ObjectiveTo investigate the finasteride application during the off-cycle of intermittent androgen blockade (IAB) in patients with advanced prostate cancer treated with IAB.MethodsEighty-seven patients with advanced prostate cancer were divided into two groups: forty-nine patients received IAB (group A), and thirty-eight patients underwent IAB and finasteride during the off-cycle of IAB (group B). The time of treatment cycle and the time to disease progression were compared between the two groups. ResultsThe patients in group A completed 89 treatment cycles and the mean cycle length was (12.8±5.4) months [treatment time and non-treatment time were (6.6±3.5) months and (7.1±4.8) months, respectively]. The patients in group B completed 85 cycles and the mean cycle length was (15.3±5.9) months [treatment time and non-treatment time were (6.9±3.2) months and (9.2v±3.9) months, respectively]. There was a significant difference between group A and B in the mean cycle length and the non-treatment time (P=0.0428,P=0.03).The 3-year progression rate was ( 34.8±3.5 )% in group A and ( 28.4±2.7)% in groups B ( P=0.035). ConclusionsThe application of finasteride during the off-cycle of IAB in patients with advanced prostate cancer treated with intermittent androgen blockade (IAB) can delay progression of advanced prostate cancer.

Objective To summarize the progress on the injury mechanism of vascular endothelial cells in atherosclerosis.Methods The latest progress was reviewed in recent literatures.Results All kinds of etiological factors have activated NF kappa B and cytokines in the development of atherosclerosis, which lead to expression of cell adhesive molecules and adhesion of monocytes to vascular endothelial cells.A variety of inflammatory mediums are released, which can directly damage endothelial cells.Besides, the inflammatory mediums make monocytes and neutrophils attach to endothelial cells by immune mechanisms, which injure the endothelial cells more severely. Meanwhile the damaged membrance structure leads to the production of AECA which activates the complementary system. Then the vascular endothelial cell injury is aggravated and the development of atherosclerosis accelerated. Conclusion It is very important to recognize the injury mechanism of vascular endothelial cells in the development of atherosclerosis for prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.