Objective·To establish Downs cephalometric norms for the Han Chinese aged 18-25 with harmonious faces,and to analyze gender and regional characteristics.Methods·A stratified sampling approach was used to recruit participants from seven geographic regions across China.Over 30 000 volunteers were screened,and 883 participants with harmonious faces were ultimately included.Basic demographic data were collected,and lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken.Hard tissue measurements were performed with Downs analysis(using anatomical porion).The data were then statistically analyzed to compare gender and regional differences in dentofacial structures.Results·The gender differences in the four hard tissue measurements,the angle of convexity,A-B plane angle,mandibular plane angle,and occlusal plane angle,were statistically significant(P＜0.001).Females showed larger values for the angle of convexity,mandibular plane angle,and occlusal plane angle,but smaller values for the A-B plane angle,compared to males.The gender differences in the interincisal angle,L1 to occlusal plane,L1 to mandibular plane,and U1 to AP plane were not statistically significant.There were regional differences in all 10 measurements of Downs analysis,though some regions shared common features.Specifically,the northeastern,eastern,and southern coastal regions exhibited a smaller facial angle,and larger mandibular plane angle,angle of convexity,occlusal plane angle,and U1 to AP plane.It suggested that,compared to inland regions,individuals from coastal regions tended to have more retrusive chins,steeper mandibular planes,more prominent upper incisors,and more convex hard tissue profiles.Conclusion·Gender differences exist in the dentofacial hard tissue structures of Han Chinese adults with harmonious faces,primarily in skeletal measurements.Each region has its unique dentofacial characteristics,along with some common features.These differences should be taken into account in clinical diagnosis and treatment for the development of personalized and precise therapeutic strategies.

Objective·To establish Downs cephalometric norms for the Han Chinese aged 18-25 with harmonious faces,and to analyze gender and regional characteristics.Methods·A stratified sampling approach was used to recruit participants from seven geographic regions across China.Over 30 000 volunteers were screened,and 883 participants with harmonious faces were ultimately included.Basic demographic data were collected,and lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken.Hard tissue measurements were performed with Downs analysis(using anatomical porion).The data were then statistically analyzed to compare gender and regional differences in dentofacial structures.Results·The gender differences in the four hard tissue measurements,the angle of convexity,A-B plane angle,mandibular plane angle,and occlusal plane angle,were statistically significant(P＜0.001).Females showed larger values for the angle of convexity,mandibular plane angle,and occlusal plane angle,but smaller values for the A-B plane angle,compared to males.The gender differences in the interincisal angle,L1 to occlusal plane,L1 to mandibular plane,and U1 to AP plane were not statistically significant.There were regional differences in all 10 measurements of Downs analysis,though some regions shared common features.Specifically,the northeastern,eastern,and southern coastal regions exhibited a smaller facial angle,and larger mandibular plane angle,angle of convexity,occlusal plane angle,and U1 to AP plane.It suggested that,compared to inland regions,individuals from coastal regions tended to have more retrusive chins,steeper mandibular planes,more prominent upper incisors,and more convex hard tissue profiles.Conclusion·Gender differences exist in the dentofacial hard tissue structures of Han Chinese adults with harmonious faces,primarily in skeletal measurements.Each region has its unique dentofacial characteristics,along with some common features.These differences should be taken into account in clinical diagnosis and treatment for the development of personalized and precise therapeutic strategies.

Objective:To evaluate the relationship between lifestyle factors and depressive symptoms based on the TCLSIH cohort of 2013-2016 and provide evidence for the intervention on lifestyle in the prevention and treatment of depression in the future.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in 24 256 persons by using a self-rating depression scale (SDS) to assess the depressive symptoms, and lifestyle questionnaire survey and physical examination were carried out. By using software SAS 9.3. The study subjects were divided into two groups: non-depression group (SDS score <45) and depression group (SDS score≥45), and the relationship between lifestyle factors and depressive symptoms was analyzed.Results:The study subjects in depression group accounted for 16.59 %; the baseline survey showed that compared with non-depression group, the subjects in depression group had higher neutrophil count and lymphocyte count ratio (NLR), lower BMI, lower total energy intake, and lower physical activity level, and tended to take less plant food diet, more animal food diet and sweet food diet ( P<0.000 1). In the depressive group, there were more smokers and less occasional drinkers ( P<0.01), and there were more women, home-aloners, people with lower education levels, people with lower total household income, and less staff members, married and those who liked to contact relatives and friends, but the proportion of people who spent more than 5 hours daily for outdoor activities was higher. Multiple linear regression analysis results showed that being male, aged, NLR, smoking ( OR=1.14, 95 %CI: 1.03-1.26), quitting alcohol, being home-aloners, animal food diet ( OR=1.41, 95 %CI:1.35-1.46), sweet food diet ( OR=1.17, 95 %CI: 1.13-1.22), sleep time >7.5 h/d, outdoor activity time 3-5 h/d, outdoor activity time >5 h/d were positively correlated with depression ( P<0.05). BMI( OR=0.98, 95 %CI: 0.97-0.99), education level ( OR=0.76, 95 %CI: 0.70-0.82), being staff member, total household income ( OR=0.63, 95 %CI: 0.58-0.68), total energy intake, physical activity ( OR=0.86, 95 %CI: 0.84-0.89), married status, move contacts with relatives or friends were negatively related with depression ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Lifestyle is closely related to the occurrence of depressive symptoms, and lifestyle intervention seems be a new way to prevent and treat depression.

Objective To construct the assessment index system for general nursing goals management based on the performance structure theory. Methods Expert interviews and Delphi expert enquiry were used to complete the construction of index system, and SPSS17.0 was used to do data statistics and reliability analysis. Results The assessment index system for general nursing goals management was constructed which contained 6 level-Ⅰindicators such as nursing quality, nursing safety, nursing service, teaching and training, the contribution of department and the communication skills and 22 level- Ⅱ indicators. The department monthly examination scores calculation method and feedback mechanism were also established. The expert positive coefficients were 97.6%and 98.8%respectively, the authority coefficients were 0.85 and 0.86, the importance and feasibility mean scores of every index were 3.86-4.98 and 3.98-4.88, and coefficients of variation were 0.03-0.27 and 0.05-0.25 in 2 rounds of enquiry. The importance of level-Ⅰor level-Ⅱ indicators and operability coordination coefficients were 0.10-0.36, the significance test showed P<0.05. Conclusions The design of each dimension of the index system gives full consideration to 3 dimensions of performance: task-adaptive-relationship. Representative of key indicators is strong. The Delphi method used in building is scientific and the results are reliable. The maneuverability of calculate Method is strong, easy to quantify. The feedback mechanism has a strong incentive by combining the assessment results closely with the individual interests. The establishment of the index system can provide scientific and objective basis for the full implementation of the general nursing goals management.

Objective To investigate the relationships between different dietary patterns and serum uric acid in Tianjin residents. Method By cross-sectional study design, 11282 subjects were studied via lifestyle questionnaires (including a valid food frequency questionnaire), physical examination and laboratory tests. Using factor analysis method to establish the dietary patterns, and relationships between different dietary patterns and serum uric acid were analyzed. Results Factor analysis showed 3 kinds of dietary patterns, including eastern dietary pattern, vegetable diets and Tianjin dietary pattern. There were more males in hyperuricemic population, who have a higher BMI, waist circumference, blood lipids, blood pressure and blood sugar levels, and also higher proportion of metabolic syndrome, smokers and alcohol drinkers. In addition, hyperuricemia patients had a higher level of social status and income. After adjustments for age, sex, BMI, smoking habits, alcohol consumption, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, education level, occupational status, energy intake, physical activity and metabolic syndrome, logistic regression analysis showed the odds ratio (95%confidence interval) for hyperuricemia across the quartiles of 3 dietary patterns as follows: 1.00, 1.07 (0.91, 1.25), 0.96 (0.82, 1.14), 1.12 (0.94, 1.33);1.00, 1.03 (0.88, 1.21), 1.04 (0.88, 1.23), 1.00 (0.84, 1.19); 1.00, 1.28 (1.08, 1.52), 1.40 (1.22, 1.71), 1.37 (1.15, 1.63), respectively. Significantly positive correlation was shown between Tianjin dietary pattern and hyperuricemia. Conclusion Tianjin residents' Tianjin dietary pattern is closely related to serum uric acid levels. Tianjin dietary patterns have characteristics of high calorie, high fat, high protein. Healthy eating habits have significant importance to prevent occurrence of hyperuricemia.

Nurses working in the department of infectious diseases are under tremendous physical and psychological pressure due to the particularity of the unit. The physical and mental status as well as working attitude of nurses are not optimistic. The nursing teams are widely unstable in hospitals. This paper reviewed studies about nurses working in department of infectious disease, aiming to better understand physical and mental health level of nurses as well as their influencing factors and intervention strategies. It can provide policy recommendations for nursing managers to further stabilize the nursing team. At the same time, this paper finds out the existing deficiencies and enlightenment in previous studies from the perspectives of research direction and research method, and provides references for further researches on flow factors of nurses in department of infectious diseases.

The leukemic cellular surface antigens of 45 cases for ANLL and 36 cases of CML were detected and classified with a series of the domestic McAbs by immunoflurescent technique. The immunophenotype of ANLL was compared with its cellular morphologic classification. The difference of the surface antigens between the CML instable phase and the CML in blast crisis was analyzed. Four cases of acute leukemias (AL) which could not be classified morphologically were classified by McAbs. FAB M_1～M_5 could be divided into 3 phenotype groups: myeloblastic, promylocytic and promoncytic phenotype. The immunophenotype of ANLL tended to agree with its cellular morphologic classification. All 28 cases of CML in stable phase reacted with a neutrophil-McAb. However, there was no this antigen expression in 8 cases of CML in blast crisis. The immunophenotype of 4 cases of AL could be made with McAbs . Of these 4 cases. 3 were AL and 1 ANLL.