Cataract remains a cause of growing blind worldwide， and phacoemulsification is currently the preferred surgical technique due to its minimal invasiveness and rapid recovery. However， the intraoperative parameters setting of phacoemulsification remains crucial due to their potential impact on ocular tissues， particularly the corneal endothelium and retina. This review systematically examines the effects and interactions of these critical parameters during phacoemulsification， including ultrasonic frequency， infusion bottle height， and ultrasound energy. High-frequency ultrasound enhances emulsification efficiency and reduces operation time but significantly increases localized thermal effects， especially when combined with high-energy output， exacerbating the risk of thermal damage to the corneal endothelium. While a high bottle height stabilizes the anterior chamber， it simultaneously elevates mechanical shear stress and turbulence， further damaging endothelial cells. Conversely， low bottle height combined with low vacuum settings protects endothelial cells but may compromise chamber stability， increasing surgical difficulty. Additionally， oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines， such as reactive oxygen species （ROS）， vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF） and interleukin（IL）-6， significantly contribute to tissue injury， particularly pronounced in diabetic and ocular fundus disease patients. Based on current evidence， this article provides specific recommendations for parameter settings tailored to patients with hard nuclear cataracts， compromised corneal endothelial function， diabetes， and postoperative glaucoma. Moreover， this review highlights current research limitations， including high heterogeneity in clinical data， insufficient long-term follow-up， and inadequate mechanistic understanding. Future research should prioritize individualized parameter optimization， long-term clinical outcomes evaluation， and real-time intraoperative monitoring techniques， aiming to enhance surgical safety， reduce complications， and improve visual outcomes.

Objective    To investigate the characteristics and prognostic value of cellular immune function in severe patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods    A cohort study was conducted to collect the clinical data of 119 severe patients admitted to the Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University (Eastern District) including 60 males (50.4%) and 59 females (49.6%), with an average age of 60.9±14.2 years. The primary endpoint of follow-up was death in the hospital, and the disease outcome classification was the secondary endpoint of follow-up within 30 days after admission. We analyzed the correlation between cellular immune function and COVID-19 prognosis. Results     A total of 22 patients died during this process, and 47 patients were severe/critical during the follow-up period. The counts of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD19+ in the primary endpoint events were significantly different between the survival group and the death group (all P<0.05). The counts of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+ in the secondary endpoint events were significantly different between the normal group and the severe/critical group (all P<0.05). The results of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that the area under the cellular immune function curve of dead patients and severe/critical patients had good predictive value (all P<0.05). Conclusion    Cell immune function has good clinical and prognostic value for COVID-19.

Objective: To explore the effect of salvianolate combined with the conventional therapy on acute ischemic stroke and observe the influence on serum inflammatory cytokines of interleukin-6(IL-6).Methods: According to the random number table, 70 patients were randomly divided into the observation group (n =35) and the control group (n =35), and both were given the conventional therapy for acute ischemic stroke.The observation group was given intravenous injection of 200mg salvianolate in 250ml normal saline once a day additionally.The treatment course was 2 weeks.Another 30 persons with physical examination were in the healthy control group.The neurologic damage deficiency score (NIHSS score) was evaluated after the 3-, 7-,10-and 14-day treatment in the groups, the serum IL-6 in 24 h after onset, and after the 3-, 7-,10-and 14-day treatment was detected and compared with that in the healthy control group.Results: After the 7-day treatment, NIHSS score in the observation group decreased significantly when compared with that on admission (P＜0.05), and remained the decreasing trend.After the 10-day treatment, NIHSS score in the control group decreased significantly when compared with that on admission (P＜0.05).After the 7-day treatment, NIHSS score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05).Compared with that in the healthy control group, the serum level of IL-6 in the observation group and the control group was higher in 24 h of admission (P＜0.05).The serum level of IL-6 in the observation group decreased after the 7-day treatment, and was similar to that in the healthy control group after the 14-day treatment (P＞0.05).The serum level of IL-6 in the control group decreased after the 10-day treatment, while was higher than that in the healthy control group during the whole study period (P＜0.05).The serum level of IL-6 in the observation group was lower than that in the control group after the 7-day treatment (P＜0.05), and the peak value in the observation group was notably lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion: Salvianolate combined with the conventional therapy can effectively decrease the NIHSS score and the content of IL-6 in the patients with acute ischemic stroke, which shows better effect than the conventional therapy alone.