OBJECTIVE To provide a scientific basis for the quality evaluation and clinical application of Qingwen hufei granules. METHODS Fourteen batches of Qingwen hufei granules were used as samples to establish high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） fingerprints using the Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Traditional Chinese Medicine （2012 Edition）. The chromatographic peaks were identified and the similarity was evaluated. Cluster analysis （CA）， principal component analysis （PCA）， and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA） were used to conduct chemical pattern recognition analysis on the 14 batches of samples. Meanwhile， the contents of neochlorogenic acid （NGA）， chlorogenic acid （CHA）， cryptochlorogenic acid （CGA）， forsythoside A （FTA）， 3，5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid （3，5-O- DA）， 4，5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid （4，5-O-DA）， and angoroside C （AGC） in the samples were determined by HPLC. RESULTS The methodological investigation results of both the fingerprint and the content determination complied with the relevant requirements. Fourteen common peaks were indicated in the HPLC fingerprints of the 14 batches of samples， and 7 of them were identified [NGA （peak 2）， CHA （peak 3）， CGA （peak 5）， FTA （peak 11）， 3，5-O-DA （peak 12）， 4，5-O-DA （peak 13）， and AGC （peak 14）]； the similarity of each sample was greater than 0.94. The results of CA and PCA showed that the samples could be classified into 3 categories； the results of OPLS-DA indicated that peak 4 （unknown）， peak 11 （FTA）， peak 8 （unknown）， peak 9 （unknown）， and peak 1 （unknown） were the differential components. The content ranges of NGA， CHA， CGA， 3，5-O-DA， FTA， 4，5-O-DA and AGC in the 14 batches of samples were 0.210 4-0.458 7， 0.269 1-0.506 3， 0.228 1-0.461 1， 0.443 9-1.044 6， 0.066 7-0.155 7， 0.062 8-0.143 8， and 0.057 4-0.105 7 mg/g， respectively. CONCLUSIONS The HPLC fingerprint and multi-component content determination methods established in this study are efficient and reliable， and can be used for the quality evaluation of Qingwen hufei granules.

Objective:To preliminarily investigate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for recurrent acute pancreatitis and refractory pancreatic pseudocysts following asparaginase-associated pancreatitis (AAP) in children.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 19 pediatric patients who underwent ERCP for recurrent aute pancreatitis and refractory pancreatic pseudocysts following AAP at Shanghai Children's Medical Center between November 2018 and July 2024. Data primarily included ERCP procedure outcomes, ERCP-related complications. Pseudocyst size, frequency of pancreatitis episodes, and body mass index (BMI) before and after the ERCP intervention were compared.Results:A total of 30 ERCP procedures were performed in 19 children, with a technical success rate of 96.7% (29/30). Among the 13 children with recurrent acute pancreatitis, 11 remained symptom-free post-ERCP. One clild experienced 3 further episodes of acute mild pancreatitis following asparaginase administration, though the severity and duration of abdominal pain were reduced compared with pre-ERCP episodes. Another child developed 1 episode of aute mild pancreatitis after overeating. Both of them were resolved following medical treatment. Of the 12 children with pancreatic pseudocysts, complete resolution was observed in 8 cases, and significant reduction in size was achieved in 4 cases. All patients showed an increase in BMI postoperatively. A total of 10 procedure-related adverse events occurred, includings 5 post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP), 5 postoperative infection, 2 hyperamylasemia, and 1 postoperative bleeding. Co-occurrence of PEP and infection was noted in 2 procedures, and PEP with bleeding in 1 procedure. All complications were managed successfully with conservative treatment.Conclusion:ERCP demonstrates favorable efficacy and acceptable safety for managing recurrent acute pancreatitis and refractory pancreatic pseudocysts following AAP in children.

Objective:To preliminarily investigate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for recurrent acute pancreatitis and refractory pancreatic pseudocysts following asparaginase-associated pancreatitis (AAP) in children.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 19 pediatric patients who underwent ERCP for recurrent aute pancreatitis and refractory pancreatic pseudocysts following AAP at Shanghai Children's Medical Center between November 2018 and July 2024. Data primarily included ERCP procedure outcomes, ERCP-related complications. Pseudocyst size, frequency of pancreatitis episodes, and body mass index (BMI) before and after the ERCP intervention were compared.Results:A total of 30 ERCP procedures were performed in 19 children, with a technical success rate of 96.7% (29/30). Among the 13 children with recurrent acute pancreatitis, 11 remained symptom-free post-ERCP. One clild experienced 3 further episodes of acute mild pancreatitis following asparaginase administration, though the severity and duration of abdominal pain were reduced compared with pre-ERCP episodes. Another child developed 1 episode of aute mild pancreatitis after overeating. Both of them were resolved following medical treatment. Of the 12 children with pancreatic pseudocysts, complete resolution was observed in 8 cases, and significant reduction in size was achieved in 4 cases. All patients showed an increase in BMI postoperatively. A total of 10 procedure-related adverse events occurred, includings 5 post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP), 5 postoperative infection, 2 hyperamylasemia, and 1 postoperative bleeding. Co-occurrence of PEP and infection was noted in 2 procedures, and PEP with bleeding in 1 procedure. All complications were managed successfully with conservative treatment.Conclusion:ERCP demonstrates favorable efficacy and acceptable safety for managing recurrent acute pancreatitis and refractory pancreatic pseudocysts following AAP in children.